Hiatal Hernia in an Elderly Patient Complicated by Upper Gastroesophageal Bleeding, Pulmonary Embolism, and Respiratory Failure: A Case Report.

Hiatal hernias occur when abdominal contents protrude into the posterior mediastinum through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. They are classified into four types, with Type I (sliding) being the most prevalent. We report a case of a patient diagnosed with a large Type IV paraesophageal hernia.

Practice patterns for acquiring neuroimaging after pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Aims: To determine which patient and cardiac arrest factors were associated with obtaining neuroimaging after in-hospital cardiac arrest, and among those patients who had neuroimaging, factors associated with which neuroimaging modality was obtained.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients who survived in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and were enrolled in the ICU-RESUS trial (NCT02837497).

Results: We tabulated ultrasound (US), CT, and MRI frequency within 7 days following IHCA and identified patient and cardiac arrest factors associated with neuroimaging modalities utilized.

Cohort profile: the BangladEsh Longitudinal Investigation of Emerging Vascular and nonvascular Events (BELIEVE) cohort study.

Purpose: Bangladesh has experienced a rapid epidemiological transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in recent decades. There is, however, limited evidence about multidimensional determinants of NCDs in this population. The BangladEsh Longitudinal Investigation of Emerging Vascular and nonvascular Events (BELIEVE) study is a household-based prospective cohort study established to investigate biological, behavioural, environmental and broader determinants of NCDs.

Electronic Impact of High-Energy Metal Deposition on Ultrathin Oxide Semiconductors.

High-energy metal deposition significantly impacts the performance and reliability of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors and nanodevices. This study investigates the localized annealing effect in atomically thin InO induced during high-energy metal deposition. The localized heating effect alters the electronic performance of InO devices, especially in shorter channel devices, where heat dissipation is further constrained.

Barriers and enablers in the micronutrient powder supply chain: lessons from a process evaluation of a home fortification programme in Bangladesh.

Background: Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), a leading non-governmental organization (NGO), implemented a large-scale Home Fortification (HF) with Micronutrient Powder (MNP) programme from 2013 to 2018 aimed to reduce undernutrition and iron deficiency anemia among children aged below 5 years old. An adequate and timely supply of MNP was crucial for successful implementation of the programme, but very few studies have documented implementers' MNP supply chain experiences. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the barriers and enablers in the MNP supply chain in Bangladesh.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance: Sex-stratified comparison among school-going adolescents in Paraguay.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of anxiety-induced sleep disturbance (AISD) in Paraguayan adolescents through sex-stratified analysis.

Methods: This study used the cross-sectional data from Paraguay's 2017 Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS). A total of 3149 in-school adolescents (12-17 years; 51.

Household food insecurity, living conditions, and individual sense of security: A cross-sectional survey among Burkina Faso refugees in Ghana.

Food insecurity and achieving adequate nutrition is a major global challenge, especially in vulnerable groups such as refugee communities. In West Africa, thousands of Burkina Faso refugees have crossed the border into northern Ghana due to conflict and instability in their home country. We conducted a one-off cross-sectional survey to assess household food insecurity, living conditions, and sense of security among Burkina Faso refugees currently residing in the Upper East region of Ghana.

A comprehensive voice dataset for Hindko digit recognition.

Hindko is a language primarily spoken in Northwestern areas of Pakistan. Approximately eight million people speak the Hindko language. According to its native speakers, it is 7 largest language of Pakistan and 2 largest language of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Oxygen-Passivated Sulfur Vacancies in Monolayer MoS for Enhanced Piezoelectricity.

Modern-day applications demand onboard electricity generation that can be achieved using piezoelectric phenomena. Reducing the dimensionality of materials is a pathway to enhancing the piezoelectric properties. Transition-metal dichalcogenides have been shown to exhibit high piezoelectricity.

Heteroconfinement in Single CdTe Nanoplatelets.

Dimension-engineered synthesis of atomically thin II-VI nanoplatelets (NPLs) remains an open challenge. While CdSe NPLs have been made with confinement ranging from 2 to 11 monolayers (ML), CdTe NPLs have been significantly more challenging to synthesize and separate. Here we provide detailed mechanistic insight into the layer-by-layer growth kinetics of the CdTe NPLs.

Integrated analysis of non‑coding RNAs (HOTAIR and miR‑130a) and their cross‑talk with TGF‑β1, SIRT1 and E‑cadherin as potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer.

Molecular changes have a substantial impact on the onset of colorectal cancer (CRC). Complexes of HOTAIR and miRNAs disrupt several cellular functions during carcinogenesis, primarily by disrupting several carcinogenic signaling pathways. In the present study, the relationships between the serum levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and E-cadherin and those of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) and microRNA-130a (miR-130a) in individuals with CRC were analyzed, including their correlations and diagnostic potential.

Protein supplementation delivered alone or in combination with presumptive azithromycin treatment for enteric pathogens did not improve linear growth in Bangladeshi infants: results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Protein requirements established for healthy populations may be insufficient to support healthy growth in infants consuming largely cereal-based complementary foods and frequently exposed to enteric pathogens.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess independent and combined effects of protein supplementation and antibiotic treatment on linear growth of infants aged 6-12 mo.

Methods: We conducted a 2 × 4 factorial cluster-randomized trial in northwestern Bangladesh, allocating 566 clusters to masked azithromycin (10 mg/kg × 3 d) or placebo at 6 and 9 mo of age and unmasked delivery of an egg white protein-rich blended food supplement (250 kcal; 10 g added protein), a rice-based isocaloric supplement, egg, or nutrition education from 6 to 12 mo.

Impact of water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators on enteric viral pathogens among under-5 children in low resource settings.

Poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are the primary risks of exposure to enteric viral infection. Our study aimed to describe the role of WASH conditions and practices as risk factors for enteric viral infections in children under 5. Literature on the risk factors associated with all-cause diarrhea masks the taxa-specific drivers of diarrhea from specific pathogens, limiting the application of relevant control strategies.

Evaluating the potential of in alleviation of aluminium stress in .

Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals [such as aluminum (Al)] is becoming a serious global problem due to the rapid development of the social economy. Although plant growth-promoting rhizo-bacteria (PGPR) are the major protectants to alleviate metal toxicity, the study of these bacteria to ameliorate the toxic effects of Al is limited. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of different levels of (5 ppm and 10 ppm) of accession number of MT123456 on plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, oxidative stress and response of antioxidant compounds (enzymatic and nonenzymatic), and their specific gene expression, sugars, nutritional status of the plant, organic acid exudation pattern and Al accumulation from the different parts of the plants, which was spiked with different levels of Al [0 µM (i.

Exploring the physiological, biochemical, and enzymatic responses of Vigna mungo varieties to Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV) infection.

This study aims to enhance sustainable disease management in black gram by identifying varieties resistant to Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV). We screened sixteen black gram genotypes, assessing physiological, biochemical and enzymatic basis. Results revealed a range of resistance levels, with PANT URD-19 showing the highest resistance (PDI 0.

Spatio-temporal analysis of litterfall load in the lower reaches of Qarqan and Tarim rivers using BP neural networks.

Litterfall load is crucial in maintaining ecosystem health, controlling wildfires, and estimating carbon stock in arid regions. However, there is a lack of spatiotemporal analysis of litterfall in arid riparian forests. This study aims to estimate Litterfall load using a BP neural network based on vegetation indices from Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images, litterfall inventory data, slope, and distance to major river tributaries.

Protection by natural cholera against later episodes of cholera over 10 years of follow-up in Matlab, Bangladesh: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with cholera have been shown to be protected against subsequent cholera for 3 years after their initial episode. We aimed to assess protection at 10 years of follow-up.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, cohorts of patients treated for cholera (index patients) and contemporaneously selected age-matched individuals without cholera (controls), randomly selected from the population of Matlab, Bangladesh, were assembled between 1990 and 2009 and followed for up to 10 years.

Cinematic rendering of pleural solitary fibrous tumor.

Solitary fibrous tumors are rare and typically benign fibroblastic neoplasms with a mean age of onset ranging from 60 to 70 years. Solitary fibrous tumors may arise anywhere within the body, however the pleura is the most common site of origin for these tumors, with approximately 30% of tumors arising from the pleura. In this report we highlight the case of a 62-year-old woman who presented with gradually progressive left sided chest pain that was eventually diagnosed as a pleural SFT.

Micronutrient dose response (MiNDR) study among women of reproductive age and pregnant women in rural Bangladesh: study protocol for double-blind, randomised, controlled trials.

Introduction: Optimising the micronutrient status of women before and during reproduction confers benefits to them and their offspring. Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS), given as a daily tablet with nutrients at ~1 recommended dietary allowance (RDA) or adequate intake (AI) reduces adverse birth outcomes. However, at this dosage, MMS may not fully address micronutrient deficiencies in settings with chronically inadequate diets and infection.

Students' safety culture at tertiary level academic institutes in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

This study aims to investigate the safety culture of tertiary-level students in Bangladesh and identify the factors that influence it. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1676 students from 16 universities and medical colleges in Bangladesh to gather data. The survey consisted of a paper-based structured questionnaire with three scales: a 17-item safety beliefs and values scale, a 10-item safety perception and awareness scale, and a 14-item safety attitudes scale.

Machine Learning Prediction of Nitric Acid Extraction Behavior in PUREX Process.

Plutonium uranium reduction extraction (PUREX) is a liquid-liquid extraction process used to recover plutonium (Pu) and uranium (U) from irradiated uranium fuel for various nuclear-related applications. Despite extensive efforts, quantitative prediction of liquid-liquid extraction parameters, i.e.

Pharmacokinetics of tebipenem pivoxil used in children suffering from shigellosis: a pilot study in Bangladesh.

With increasing antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria, including those causing Shigellosis, evidence of safety and pharmacokinetics data on new oral antibiotics is crucial. We aimed to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetic properties of an oral carbapenem, tebipenem pivoxil, along with it's ability to produce desired results in childhood shigellosis. This randomized pilot clinical trial was conducted at Dhaka Hospital, icddr,b in 2022 between May and September.

Rapid optical determination of salivary cortisol responses in individuals undergoing physiological and psychological stress.

Traditional methods for management of mental illnesses in the post-pandemic setting can be inaccessible for many individuals due to a multitude of reasons, including financial stresses and anxieties surrounding face-to-face interventions. The use of a point-of-care tool for self-management of stress levels and mental health status is the natural trajectory towards creating solutions for one of the primary contributors to the global burden of disease. Notably, cortisol is the main stress hormone and a key logical indicator of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis activity that governs the activation of the human stress system.