Endoscopic Orbital Clearance/Debridement: A Potential Substitute for Orbital Exenteration in Rhino-orbital Mucormycosis.

 Mucormycosis is an aggressive, lethal fungal infection affecting the nasal and paranasal territory in immunocompromised patients. Orbital involvement is not uncommon and may require orbital exenteration.  The management of orbital involvement in invasive fungal sinusitis is challenging, ranging from conservative retrobulbar amphotericin B injection in the early stages to orbital exenteration in late stages.

Beyond the surface: exploring contributing factors to bone anchored hearing implant complications.

Introduction: Bone anchored hearing implants (BAHI) are considered for conductive and mixed hearing loss, relying on osseointegration of a titanium implant. Limitations relate to constant skin contact, with resultant percutaneous infections and granulation. This study investigates whether patient characteristics and implant-specifications contribute to BAHIs' skin complications in a cohort with a uniform surgical approach.

Endoscopic Evaluation after Conventional Adenoid Curettage.

 Adenoidectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by otolaryngologists. Traditional adenoid curettage is performed blindly, which can result in inadequate removal of the adenoid and injury to the surrounding structures.  To perform transnasal endoscopic examinations to assess the nasopharynx after conventional curettage adenoidectomy.

Infrahyoid muscle flap as augmentation of pharyngeal repair after total laryngectomy.

Introduction: To assess the usage of contralateral infrahyoid muscles as onlay flap in prevention of pharyngo-cutaneous fistula (PCF) in total laryngectomy (TL) patients with high risk factors of PCF development.

Methods: This study included 10 patients who suffered from advanced laryngeal carcinoma with presence of risk factors for development of PCF. We added an enforcement muscular layer during neo-pharynx wall repair, the infrahyoid muscle flap of the contralateral side of the tumour origin as an onlay muscular flap to cover the anastomotic site for healing augmentation.

Role of pre-incisional external bilateral ultrasound guide glossopharyngeal nerve block with diluted bupivacaine mixture in pain management in oropharyngeal surgery: A randomized control trial.

Unlabelled: The glossopharyngeal nerve block (GNB) was evaluated for pain control together with the magnitude of obtunded gag reflex as a useful clinical sign of GNB.

Methods: 400 patients scheduled for oropharyngeal surgery were randomly allocated into 2 groups (200 patients in each group), Group1 patients received bilateral GNB with 0.125% bupivacaine, 0.

Simple Endoscopic Application of Laryngeal Keel Stent.

This study describes a simple extraendolaryngeal technique to apply laryngeal keel in dealing with anterior commissure web/fibrosis. Standard extraendolaryngeal punctures were applied via 20-gauge needles, 30° from the skin surface, in midline through the cricothyroid and thyrohyoid membranes. These needles were used as a conduit for the passage of 2/0 Prolene threads, which were retrieved through the laryngoscope by crocodile forceps.

Role of Axial Split Osteotomy of Free Fibula Flap in Mandibular Reconstruction and Dental Rehabilitation.

The fibula free flap (FFF) is regarded as the gold standard in mandibular reconstruction. Dental rehabilitation is important to improve the health-related quality of life of patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction. FFF provides adequate cortical bone osseous tissue for use in dental implantation.

Use of CAD-CAM technology to improve orthognathic surgery outcomes in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.

Introduction: Although multilevel surgery is the mainstay treatment for severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), bi-maxillary surgery (maxillomandibular advancement [MMA]) is the most efficacious single procedure for the expansion of the whole pharyngeal airway. MMA is an alternative to the gold standard of continuous positive airway pressure and is equivalent to tracheotomy.

Patients And Method: Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology was used to virtually assess the degree of mandibular and/or maxillary advancement and rotation required to obtain adequate posterior airway space (PAS) in eight patients (seven males, one female).

Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing Versus Conventional Free Fibula Flap Reconstruction in Benign Mandibular Lesions: An Italian Cost Analysis.

Purpose: The cost of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology has created obstacles for its widespread use despite its several advantages. This study compared the cost of CAD-CAM technology with that of the conventional freehand technique in fibula reshaping for mandibular reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted at the Maxillofacial and Dental Unit of the Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (Milan, Italy).

Two- versus Three-Point Internal Fixation of Displaced Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures.

Despite the high frequency of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, there is no consensus among facial reconstructive surgeons regarding the best surgical management; thus, surgical choice for ZMC fractures is still challenging. This study included 40 patients with displaced ZMC fracture. Twenty patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation (OR/IF) using two-point fixation technique (at infraorbital margin and zygomaticofrontal buttress region) and the remaining 20 patients were treated with OR/IF using three-point fixation technique (at frontozygomatic suture, infraorbital margin, and zygomatico maxillary buttress).

External Nasal Valve Repair in Children: Alar Batten Graft Reinforced by External Temporary Suspensory Suture.

Background: The nasal valve area is the narrowest point in the nasal airway. External nasal valve (ENV) collapse during inspiration occurs if external valve area is too narrow or its lateral component is too floppy.

Patients And Method: Twelve patients (7 males, 5 females) aged 8 to 12 years complaining of nasal obstruction due to ENV dysfunction underwent surgical intervention using alar batten graft assisted by temporary external suspensory suture.

Infraorbital foramen localization in orbitozygomatic fractures: a CT study with intraoperative finding.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the infraorbital foramen (IOF) using CT in patients with Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures (midface fracture).

Patients And Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 49 patients had ZMC fractures (98 sides) and 27 patients (54 sides) with craniomaxillofacial fractures rather than fractured ZMC as a control. Using CT, position of IOF was documented on 3D view in relation to inferior orbital rim, tooth root relation and finally with a novel imaginary line passing between anterior nasal spine and whitnall tubercle.

Simple Percutaneous Transbuccal Approach for Management of Mandibular Angular Fracture.

Objective: To describe a relatively simple, easy, and safe technique for open reduction and internal fixation of the mandibular angle fracture using the combined modified percutaneous and oral approach with no special instrumentation.

Patients And Methods: This study was carried out on 10 patients who had traumatic mandibular angle fractures. All patients were managed by open reduction and internal fixation.

Mental Foramen Relation to Mandibular Fracture.

Objective: To detect site of the mental nerve foramen in patients of mandibular fracture and study its relation to mandibular fracture site using radiology and operative findings during open reduction and internal fixation.

Patients And Methods: This study was carried out on 46 patients who had traumatic mandibular fractures. All patients were managed by open reduction and internal fixation during which mental foramen site and fracture site were reported and analyzed and compared to preoperative radiography.

A modification of endoscopic endonasal approach for management of encephaloceles in sphenoid sinus lateral recess.

Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak with meningoencephaloceles in sphenoid sinus lateral recess is challenging. Transnasal visualization of this area is difficult, especially when large pneumatization is present. External approaches to this region involve aggressive surgery and are often associated with significant morbidity.

Conchal Lipoma: A New Lipoma Site.

Lipomas, the most common benign tumors, rarely originate from the external ear. The first case of a lipoma originating from the concha of the auricle was reported and described in the current study. It was successfully removed under local anesthesia.

Electromyography assessment in zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles using surface electromyography (EMG) in patients with zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 25 patients who had ZMC fractures. Fifteen patients were managed by open reduction and rigid fixation (ORIF) using titanium miniplates.

Sensitivity and specificity of stroboscopy in preoperative differentiation of dysplasia from early invasive glottic carcinoma.

Leukoplakia is a descriptive clinical term designating a white patch or plaque of the mucosa and must be complemented by histology, which can range from simple totally benign keratosis with or without atypia up to invasive carcinoma. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of videostroboscopy in preoperative differentiation of early invasive glottic carcinoma from intraepithelial atypia and dysplasia. 46 patients with a total of 60 leukoplakia lesions on the vocal folds were included in the study.

A prospective controlled study to assess the use of mitomycin C in improving the results of esophageal dilatation in post corrosive esophageal stricture in children.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of topical application of mitomycin C after dilation in pediatric patients having post corrosive esophageal stricture.

Methods: Thirty patients with post corrosive esophageal strictures were divided into two groups: 12 patients had repeated esophageal dilation without mitomycin C application, 18 patients had repeated esophageal dilation and topical application of mitomycin C.

Results: There was a highly significant difference in the improvement of dysphagia grade at the end of follow up in the mitomycin C group (p=0.

Osteoma with cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal: neck manifestation of this rare association†.

Osteoma and cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal is a rare clinical finding, presenting specific challenges in patients suffering from this dual pathology of the ear. We report on a unique complication of this association in a patient suffering with recurrent neck abscesses. Neck disease secondary to cholesteatoma has become nearly extinct with better clinical imaging and sensible antibiotic usage.