The Correlation Between Screen Time and the Probability of Developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a collection of neurological, psychological, and developmental anomalies that manifest in early life, affecting individuals across all racial, cultural, and socioeconomic groups. Its prevalence has grown significantly over the past 20 years. Exposure to digital devices has increased alongside the rise in ASD prevalence.

Tissue-engineered patient-derived osteosarcoma models dissecting tumour-bone interactions.

Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor, primarily affecting children and young adults. For these young patients, the current treatment options for osteosarcoma impose considerable constraints on daily life with significant morbidity and a low survival rate. Despite ongoing research efforts, the 5-year survival rate of first-diagnosed patients without metastases has not changed in the past four decades.

Special Report: Summary of the eighth workshop of the worldwide network for blood and marrow transplantation on the status and issues related to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in near-east countries, held in Pakistan from September 22 to 23, 2022.

The eighth workshop of the Worldwide Network for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (WBMT) was held in Islamabad, Pakistan, from September 22 to 23, 2022, aiming to foster hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) activity in the World Health Organization (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO). Participating countries, including Pakistan, Oman, Iran, and Saudi Arabia, reported increased HSCT in the last few years, whereas others from the EMRO and beyond, including Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Nepal, and Bangladesh, started HSCT recently and have developed HSCT programs with excellent results. During educational sessions and open dialog, participating teams and international experts from the WBMT shared their experience and discussed minimum essential requirements for establishing and expanding HSCT in emerging countries, indications for HSCT training and dissemination of knowledge, stem cell donor selection and safety, quality assurance in transplant centers, and the value and importance of transplant outcome databases.

Clinical Spectrum of Acute Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis in Children: A Kashmir Experience.

Background In the pediatric population, acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is a common glomerular etiology of hematuria and acute hypertension leading to hospitalization. We conducted this study to know the clinical profile and occurrence of acute PSGN in patients presenting with features of acute nephritic syndrome. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted on children aged between two and 18 years, presenting with clinical features of acute glomerular nephritis (AGN).

The continuance intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: An empirical study from Malaysia.

Background: Vaccination has been one of the most effective preventive strategies to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. However, as the COVID-19 vaccines' effect wanes off after some time and given their reduced level of protection against mutation strains of the virus, the calls for boosters and second boosters signal the need for continuous vaccination for the foreseeable future. As Malaysia transitions into the endemic phase, the nation's ability to co-exist with the virus in the endemic phase will hinge on people's continuance intention to be vaccinated against the virus.

Green education divide: a comparative case study analysis of countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.

Background: Green education is an essential precursor to promoting long-term sustainable practices and fostering environmentally conscious behaviours, especially among the younger generations. Such education equips individuals with the knowledge, awareness, and experiences necessary for green behavioural shifts, empowering them to engage actively in sustainable practices in the long run, which is essential for ensuring environmental sustainability. However, green education practices and policies vary among the countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) owing to different levels of socioeconomic development, national priorities, and capacities of each member state.

Effect of Comorbidity-free Neonatal Hypoglycemia on Neurodevelopment at 18 Months of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To study the impact of neonatal hypoglycemia on neurodevelopment and neuro-developmental clusters at 18 months of age.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at the pediatric and neonatal wards of a tertiary care hospital. Study subjects were neonates with hypoglycemia (blood sugar <47 mg/dL at presentation).

Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Trends in Pakistan: Activity Survey from Pakistan Bone Marrow Transplant Group.

Pakistan is the fifth most populous country with a population of 225 million and has health expenditure accounting for only 2.8 percent of gross domestic product (GDP). Accordingly, there are a limited number of haematology-oncology and transplant centers in the country.

Mass balance of Nehnar glacier from 2000 to 2020, using temperature indexed-IAAR approach.

Glacier mass balance is inextricably linked to annual meteorological conditions and is a key indicator for assessing the ice reserves of a glacier. As a result, a number of studies have estimated glacier mass balance using different methods. Here, we have used the improved accumulation area-ratio (IAAR) method to study the mass balance of the Nehnar glacier from 2000 to 2020.

Development and validation of a performance measurement system based on Islamic principles.

The infamous malfeasance of corporate giants and the collapse of a financial system with global reverberations have further pressured the need for greater ethical discipline and consideration in business and finance. This study explored the motivations within firms as driven by their performance measurement systems (P.M.

Deciphering the melatonin-mediated response and signalling in the regulation of heavy metal stress in plants.

Melatonin has a protective effect against heavy metal stress in plants by immobilizing HM in cell walls and sequestering them in root cell vacuoles, reducing HM's translocation from roots to shoots. It enhances osmolyte production, increases antioxidant enzyme activity, and improves photosynthesis, thereby improving cellular functions. Understanding the melatonin-mediated response and signalling can sustain crop production in heavy metal-stressed soils.

Identifying challenges in implementing child rights instruments in Nigeria: A nationwide survey of knowledge, perception, and practice of child rights among doctors and nurses.

Context: After thirty years of ratifying the child rights convention and nineteen years of the Child Rights Act, implementing child rights instruments remains challenging in Nigeria. Healthcare providers are well positioned to change the current paradigm.

Aim: To examine the knowledge, perception, and practice of child rights and the influence of demographics among Nigerian doctors and nurses.

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its drivers: An empirical study of the vaccine hesitant group in Malaysia.

Background: Sporadic outbreaks of COVID-19 remain a threat to public healthcare, especially if vaccination levels do not improve. As Malaysia begins its transition into the endemic phase, it is essential to identify the key determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention amongst the pockets of the population who are still hesitant. Therefore, focusing on a sample of individuals who did not register for the COVID-19 vaccination, the current study integrated two widely used frameworks in the public health domain-the health belief model (HBM) and the theory of reasoned action (TRA)-to examine the inter-relationships of the predictors of vaccination intention amongst these individuals.

Health Risk Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Drinking Water of Upper Jhelum Region in Kashmir Valley-India by GC-MS/MS.

Globally growing demand for agricultural and farm foods has more or less become dependent on chemical pesticides to maintain the supply chain, which undoubtedly boosts agricultural production. However, pesticides not only impact the target pests but cause hazard to human health. Pesticides are ubiquitous and can be found in almost every component of the environment.

Pneumonia hospitalizations and mortality in children 3 - 24-month-old in Nigeria from 2013 to 2020: Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ten valent (PHiD-CV-10).

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ten valent (PCV 10) was introduced into Nigeria in three phases. Phase 3 introduction started in August 2016. However, its impact on pneumonia admissions and mortality among vaccinated Nigerian children has not been determined.

Are the impacts of renewable energy use on load capacity factors homogeneous for developed and developing nations? Evidence from the G7 and E7 nations.

Both developed and underdeveloped economies worldwide are now more concerned than ever in respect of achieving environmental sustainability. Accordingly, the majority of the global economies have ratified several environment-related pacts to facilitate the tackling of global environment-related problems. Although these problems are assumed to be addressed using diverse mechanisms, limiting the use of fossil fuels has often been recognized as the ultimate enabler of environmental sustainability.

Socio-demographic factors influencing measures of cognitive function of early adolescent students in abuja, Nigeria.

Background: The brain in the early adolescent period undergoes enhanced changes with the radical reorganisation of the neuronal network leading to improvement in cognitive capacity. A complex interplay exists between environment and genetics that influences the outcome of intellectual capability. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the relationship between socio-demographic variables and measures of cognitive function (intelligence quotient [IQ] and academic performance) of early adolescents.

Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of industrial autochthonous Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the selection of well-adapted bioethanol-producing strains.

In northwestern Argentina, sugarcane-derived industrial fermentation is being extensively used for bioethanol production, where highly adaptive native strains compete with the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae traditionally used as starter culture. Yeast populations of 10 distilleries from Tucumán (Argentina) were genotypic and phenotypic characterized to select well-adapted bioethanol-producing autochthonous strains to be used as starter cultures for the industrial production of bioethanol fuel. From the 192 isolates, 69.

A high-content neuron imaging assay demonstrates inhibition of prion disease-associated neurotoxicity by an anti-prion protein antibody.

There is an urgent need to develop disease-modifying therapies to treat neurodegenerative diseases which pose increasing challenges to global healthcare systems. Prion diseases, although rare, provide a paradigm to study neurodegenerative dementias as similar disease mechanisms involving propagation and spread of multichain assemblies of misfolded protein ("prion-like" mechanisms) are increasingly recognised in the commoner conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. However, studies of prion disease pathogenesis in mouse models showed that prion propagation and neurotoxicity can be mechanistically uncoupled and in vitro assays confirmed that highly purified prions are indeed not directly neurotoxic.