Spectrum of COVID-19 induced liver injury: A review report.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused changes in the global health system, causing significant setbacks in healthcare systems worldwide. This pandemic has also shown resilience, flexibility, and creativity in reacting to the tragedy. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection targets most of the respiratory tract, resulting in a severe sickness called acute respiratory distress syndrome that may be fatal in some individuals.

Susceptibility patterns and virulence genotypes of affecting eradication therapy outcomes among Egyptian patients with gastroduodenal diseases.

Background: () is a significant human pathogen that is responsible for a variety of illnesses, including mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, gastric cancer, peptic ulcers, and gastritis.

Aim: To investigate the frequency of infection and its resistance patterns among Egyptian patients and to determine the influence of virulence genetic determinants on the eradication success of 14-d triple therapy regimen.

Methods: infections were investigated in 72 patients with gastroduodenal complications suggestive of infection.

Epidemiology of Biofilm Producing Nosocomial Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Egypt: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of biofilm-producing nosocomial isolates from a tertiary care hospital, as well as to investigate any possible association of biofilm formation with the distribution of biofilm-related genotypes and antibiotic resistance phenotypes.

Methods: A total of 94 non-duplicate nosocomial isolates were identified, their biofilm formation was quantitatively detected using the modified microtiter plate assay, and their susceptibilities to different antibiotics were determined using the breakpoint method. Isolates were then subjected to PCR assays targeting A and genes.

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid vs Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine in the treatment of warts: A comparative, double-blind, controlled study.

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid (BCG-PSN) is a relatively new generation, bacteria lipopolysaccharide fraction extracted from BCG vaccine. It has a strong immunomodulatory effect with higher efficacy and fewer side effects. To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of BCG-PSN vs the viable BCG vaccine in treatment of multiple warts.

Serum Ghrelin Levels in Saudi Obese Asthmatic School-Children-Correlation with Interleukin-4, Interleukin-5, and Interleukin-21.

Ghrelin is a peptide hormone with direct or indirect effects on obesity and asthma. More data are required to understand the effect of ghrelin on the control and pathogenesis of these diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate ghrelin levels in selected groups of children to identify the association between serum ghrelin, obesity, and the severity of asthma.

Obesity and childhood asthma in male schoolchildren in Saudi Arabia: Is there a role for leptin, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-21?

Background: Adiposity is associated with high serum levels of adipokines and chemokines which are possibly implicated in a co-existence of obesity and asthma.

Objectives: Elucidate the possible roles of leptin, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-21 in linking obesity with childhood asthma.

Design: Cross-sectional, analytical.

Recent advances in infection: focus on vaccine development.

normally colonizes the nasal cavity and pharynx. After breaching the normal habitat, the organism is able to cause a number of infections at any site of the body. The development of antibiotic resistance has created a global challenge for treating infections.

Epidemiology of group A rotavirus infection after the introduction of monovalent vaccine in the National Immunization Program of Saudi Arabia.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of group A rotavirus (RVA) gastroenteritis and the distribution of the RVA genotypes as well as to determine a possible change in the age of occurrence of the RVA infection in the first 2 years after Rotarix® vaccine introduction in Saudi Arabia. This descriptive study included 850 hospitalized children <5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis (AG) between October 2013 and September 2015. Overall, 78 (9.

Antibacterial Activity of Salvadora persica L. (Miswak) Extracts against Multidrug Resistant Bacterial Clinical Isolates.

Much effort has focused on examining the inhibitory effect of Salvadora persica (miswak) on oral microorganisms, but information concerning its antibacterial activity against other human pathogens, particularly multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates, is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the in vitro antibacterial activities of Salvadora persica L. extracts against 10 MDR bacterial clinical isolates other than oral pathogens.

Clinical significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates from nosocomial bloodstream infections.

Background: Identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) as nosocomial pathogens or contaminants is significant for microbiologists and clinicians. This study aimed to determine the frequency of isolation and antimicrobial resistance patterns of CoNS isolates from nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSIs) and to identify risk factors associated with true bacteremia caused by these emerging pathogens in a Saudi tertiary care hospital.

Methods: All CoNS-positive cultures from inpatients were identified using the standard methods during a 10-month period.

Hepatitis B virus genotyping in chronic hepatitis B patients in southwestern Saudi Arabia.

The distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in Saudi Arabia is largely unknown. To the best of our knowledge there are no data available about HBV genotypes in southwestern region of the country. This study aimed to determine the epidemiologic distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in chronic hepatitis B patients in southwestern region, and to verify possible correlations between these genotypes and the clinical symptoms.

Emergence of unusual nonfermenting Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in a Saudi hospital.

This study aimed to determine the frequency of isolation and prevalence of drug resistance in nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa and predisposing factors for the acquisition of nosocomial infections caused by these emerging pathogens in a Saudi tertiary care hospital. A total of 125 nonduplicating NFGNB nosocomial strains were isolated, of these, 68 (54.4%) were Acinetobacter baumannii, 26 (20.

Primary anti-tuberculous drugs resistance of pulmonary tuberculosis in Southwestern Saudi Arabia.

The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is an increasing problem which adversely affects patient care and public health. This study aimed to determine the rates and patterns of primary anti-TB drugs resistance in Najran, Southwestern Saudi Arabia. The study included 80 smear-positive new pulmonary TB patients.

Serological and molecular diagnosis of human brucellosis in Najran, Southwestern Saudi Arabia.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of human brucellosis in Najran, southwestern Saudi Arabia, and to assess the performances of ELISA and PCR as diagnostic tools for brucellosis with respect to conventional methods. The study included 340 patients with clinical characteristics of brucellosis. Blood samples from cases and controls were subjected to culture, standard tube agglutination test (SAT), ELISA for IgM and IgG, and brucella PCR.