Increased renal cellular senescence in murine high-fat diet: effect of the senolytic drug quercetin.

Obesity and dyslipidemia can be associated with cellular senescence, and may impair kidney function. However, whether senescence contributes to renal dysfunction in these conditions remains unclear. Quercetin is an abundant dietary flavonoid that selectively clears inhibiting PI3K/AKT and p53/p21/serpines and inducing apoptosis.

D-mannose-Coating of Maghemite Nanoparticles Improved Labeling of Neural Stem Cells and Allowed Their Visualization by MRI after Transplantation in the Mouse Brain.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled cells can be used as a non-invasive technique to track stem cells after transplantation. The aim of this study was to (1) evaluate labeling efficiency of D-mannose-coated maghemite nanoparticles (D-mannose(γ-FeO)) in neural stem cells (NSCs) in comparison to the uncoated nanoparticles, (2) assess nanoparticle utilization as MRI contrast agent to visualize NSCs transplanted into the mouse brain, and (3) test nanoparticle biocompatibility. D-mannose(γ-FeO) labeled the NSCs better than the uncoated nanoparticles.

Quality of life after interventions for malignant pleural effusions: a systematic review.

Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) results in breathlessness and impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study reviews the existing literature on HRQOL following invasive interventions in MPE.

Methods: Five electronic databases were systematically searched and assessed three times during the review process and last completed on 15 June 2018.

AXL targeting reduces fibrosis development in experimental unilateral ureteral obstruction.

The AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) is involved in partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammation - both main promoters of renal fibrosis development. The study aim was to investigate the role of AXL inhibition in kidney fibrosis due to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Eight weeks old male C57BL/6 mice underwent UUO and were treated with oral AXL inhibitor bemcentinib (n = 22), Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI, n = 10), ACEI and bemcentinib (n = 10) or vehicle alone (n = 22).

Benzocaine-Induced Methemoglobinemia in a Postoperative Bariatric Patient following Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

Methemoglobinemia is a rare complication in clinical practice. It is most commonly seen in patients undergoing endoscopic procedures, including EGDs, laryngoscopies, bronchoscopies, and nasogastric tube insertions. This is thought to be a disease seen almost exclusively in patients with genetic predispositions to develop it; the increasing use of topical anesthetics during procedures has made methemoglobinemia a disease entity that every clinical provider should be able to recognize and treat.

Effect of Health Education on Dengue Fever: A Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices in Public and Private High School Children of Jeddah.

Objective More than half of the world's population live in areas with a potential risk of acquiring dengue fever (DF). Health education interventions are effective, barring a language communication gap. The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of health education in the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) towards DF control and prevention in public and private schools.

Phosphodiestrase-1 and 4 inhibitors ameliorate liver fibrosis in rats: Modulation of cAMP/CREB/TLR4 inflammatory and fibrogenic pathways.

Background: Phosphodiestrase (PDE) enzymes are suggested to play a leading role in fibrogenesis of liver where studies showed the possible implication of PDE 1 & 4 in liver injury proposing them as possible targets for treating liver fibrosis.

Aim: The present study was designed to investigate, for the first time, the possible therapeutic effects of selective inhibitors of PDE-1 (vinpocetine) and PDE-4 (roflumilast) in liver fibrosis induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in rats.

Main Methods: Rats were given DEN (100 mg/kg, i.

Structure-based drug design, synthesis, In vitro, and In vivo biological evaluation of indole-based biomimetic analogs targeting estrogen receptor-α inhibition.

Offering novel scaffolds targeting estrogen receptor creates huge necessity to overcome the evolving resistance developed by tumors. Structure-based drug design coupled with ring opening strategy of the steroids skeleton revealed the potential of indole-based analogs to be synthesized targeting the ligand binding domain of estrogen receptor-α. In vitro studies revealed the potential of the total sub-classes of the synthesized analogs to show anti-proliferative activity against estrogen receptor-dependent cancer cell lines at IC ranging from 28.

Vanishing spleen syndrome post right partial nephrectomy in a sicklemic patient.

Splenic infarction after contralateral laparoscopic renal surgery has not, to our knowledge, been reported. The spleen is the most affected organ in sickle cell disease and the mechanism of auto infarction is thought to result from the crystallization of abnormal hemoglobin during periods of hypoxia or acidosis resulting in parenchymal ischemia and ultimately tissue necrosis. We report a case of 45 year old female with sickle cell disease who had an unremarkable spleen at the time of a laparoscopic right partial nephrectomy and was subsequently found to have marked diminution in her splenic volume.

Mesenchymal stem cells therapy enhances the efficacy of pregabalin and prevents its motor impairment in paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in rats: Role of Notch1 receptor and JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Peripheral neuropathy is a common adverse effect observed during the use of paclitaxel (PTX) as chemotherapy. The present investigation was directed to estimate the modulatory effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on pregabalin (PGB) treatment in PTX-induced peripheral neuropathy. Neuropathic pain was induced in rats by injecting PTX (2 mg/kg, i.

Thyroid malignancy among patients with thyroid nodules in the United Arab Emirates: a five-year retrospective tertiary Centre analysis.

Objectives: Thyroid malignancy constitutes the sixth common cancer type in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). There are no epidemiological data outlining the prevalence of cancer in thyroid nodules, nor previous analysis of ultra-sonographic features correlating with thyroid malignancy in the UAE. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of thyroid malignancy in patients with thyroid nodules and to describe the ultra-sonographic characteristics of thyroid nodules harbouring malignancy.

Minimally Invasive Real-Time Detection of Actionable Mutations in Patients With Metastatic Solid Tumors Using Fine-Needle and Liquid Biopsies.

Purpose: Fine-needle biopsy (FNB) and liquid biopsy are minimally invasive methods of tumor sampling that provide feasible means to assess tumor genotypes in real time. However, more data are needed to establish the strength of these methods by benchmarking against the current gold standard methods, core-needle biopsy (CNB) or surgical excision of the tumor.

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients with advanced solid tumors were prospectively recruited.

A Case series of candy cane limb syndrome after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Candy cane syndrome is a rare complication reported in bariatric patients following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. It occurs when there is an excessive length of roux limb proximal to gastrojejunostomy, creating the possibility for food particles to lodge and remain in the blind redundant limb. Patients present with non-specific symptoms such as abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting.

Teicoplanin-Induced Anaphylactic Reaction in Children: A Case Report.

Teicoplanin is now increasingly used as a first-line prophylactic therapy for major surgical procedures, treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections and for those with reported penicillin allergy. Teicoplanin is rarely associated with anaphylaxis and there is limited information on the prevalence of teicoplanin-induced perioperative anaphylaxis. Here, we describe a case of a 12-year-old child with teicoplanin-induced anaphylaxis peri-operatively.

Pregabalin and lacosamide ameliorate paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy via inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling pathway and Notch-1 receptor.

Anticonvulsant drugs such as pregabalin (PGB) and lacosamide (LCM), exhibit potent analgesic effects in diabetic neuropathy; however, their possible role/mechanisms in paclitaxel (PTX)-induced peripheral neuropathy have not been elucidated, which is the aim of the present study. Neuropathic pain was induced in rats by injecting PTX (2 mg/kg, i. p) on days 0, 2, 4 and 6.

Providing safe and effective pleural medicine services in the UK: an aspirational statement from UK pleural physicians.

Physicians face considerable challenges in ensuring safe and effective care for patients admitted to hospital with pleural disease. While subspecialty development has driven up standards of care, this has been tempered by the resulting loss of procedural experience in general medical teams tasked with managing acute pleural disease. This review aims to define a framework though which a minimum standard of care might be implemented.

Additional germline findings from a tumor profiling program.

Background: Matched tumor-normal sequencing, applied in precision cancer medicine, can identify unidentified germline Medically Actionable Variants (gMAVS) in cancer predisposition genes. We report patient preferences for the return of additional germline results, and describe various gMAV scenarios delivered through a clinical genetics service.

Methods: Tumor profiling was offered to 1960 advanced cancer patients, of which 1556 underwent tumor-normal sequencing with multigene hotspot panels containing 20 cancer predisposition genes.

Use of an Alpha-1 Adrenoreceptor Agonist in the Management of Recurrent Refractory Idiopathic Chylothorax.

A 70-year-old woman presents with recurrent idiopathic chylothorax refractory to both medical and surgical treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case where midodrine, an alpha-1 receptor agonist, was used as an adjunctive therapy for idiopathic chylothorax resulting in both a radiographic and clinical response.

Epidemiological study on tropical theileriosis (Theileria annulata infection) in the Egyptian Oases with special reference to the molecular characterization of Theileria spp.

Theileria annulata infection is a tick-borne disease known as Egyptian fever since 1947. It is a destructive obstacle for the livestock production in the Egyptian Oases (EL-Wady EL-Geded Province). The present study was conducted on 1068 cattle, ranged from below one year to more than eight years old; belonged to different farms and villages in EL-Wady EL-Geded Province.

Management of Incidental Hernia Discovered During Abdominal Contouring in Post-Bariatric Surgery Patients.

Purpose: An increase in bariatric surgery has led to a rise in postbariatric contouring procedures. Despite a comprehensive preoperative assessment, body habitus in these patients may significantly limit the abdominal exam. Abdominal contouring procedures typically elevate large portions of the skin and fat off the abdominal wall, and unexpected hernia may be discovered intraoperatively.

Exploring variability of teaching & supervision at clinical clerkship teaching sites.

Objective: To explore undergraduate medical students' perception of variation in teaching and supervision at different clinical teaching sites.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, UAE during 2017. Four clinical teaching sites affiliated with CMHS were evaluated namely Shaikh Khalifa Medical City (SKMC), Ambulatory Care Clinics (AC), Tawam Hospital (TH) and Al-Ain Hospital (AH).

Paradoxical effects of atorvastatin in isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: Role of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Atorvastatin (ATV) was previously shown to improve oxidative stress, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in several experimental and clinical studies yet other studies have reported a pro-oxidant and damaging effect upon ATV administration. The present study was directed to investigate the effect of ATV pre- and post-treatment in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Myocardial damage was induced by ISO (5 mg/kg/day, s.

Paradoxical cardiotoxicity of intraperitoneally-injected epigallocatechin gallate preparation in diabetic mice.

Numerous clinical and bioavailability studies addressed epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) beneficial effects; however, our previous work revealed EGCG-induced nephrotoxicity in the presence of diabetes. In this study, the potential myocardial toxicity of EGCG preparation (100 mg/kg/day, IP; 4 days) in diabetic mice injected with streptozotocin (STZ; 150 mg/kg, IP) was investigated. Diabetic mice receiving EGCG preparation showed electrocardiographic changes in addition to elevation of both serum creatine kinase-MB and troponin-I levels accompanied by microscopic myocardial damage.