Correction: Amin et al. Hippocampal and Cerebellar Changes in Acute Restraint Stress and the Impact of Pretreatment with Ceftriaxone. 2020, , 193.

In the original publication [...

Developing an International Framework for Informed Consent in Plastic Surgery: A Focus on Cosmetic Breast Augmentation.

Background: Informed consent is a fundamental pillar of patient rights and is an essential part of good clinical practice. In 2019, the International Confederation of Plastic Surgery Societies launched a survey to collect feedback on informed consent practices, with an aim to develop an international guideline for cosmetic surgery.

Methods: A 15-question survey was sent to delegates of the International Confederation of Plastic Surgery Societies for dissemination to their national society members.

Results of Ilizarov external fixator lengthening compared to lengthening and then plating in management of femoral shortening in children.

Femoral shortening in children is a challenging condition with complex functional and psychological implications. We study the results of Ilizarov external fixator (IEF) lengthening compared to lengthening and then plating (LAP) in the management of femoral shortening in children. Forty patients were included in the study and equally divided randomly into 2 groups, in group I LAP was used and in group II lengthening by IEF only was done.

A modified angled plate for fixation of proximal femoral varus osteotomy in neuromuscular hip dislocation: Mechanical and clinical study.

Introduction: Proximal femoral osteotomy is an important step in the management of paralytic hip dislocation. Fixation by the angled plate is demanding and carries the risk of many complications. In this study, we made certain modifications for the angled plate.

1-Year COMBO stent outcomes stratified by the PARIS bleeding prediction score: From the MASCOT registry.

Background: The COMBO stent is a biodegradable-polymer sirolimus-eluting stent with endothelial progenitor cell capture technology for faster endothelialization.

Objective: We analyzed COMBO stent outcomes in relation to bleeding risk using the PARIS bleeding score.

Methods: MASCOT was an international registry of all-comers undergoing attempted COMBO stent implantation.

Comparison of One-Year Outcomes in Patients >75 Versus ≤75 Years With Coronary Artery Disease Treated With COMBO Stents (From The MASCOT Registry).

Older patients who undergo coronary interventions are at greater risk of ischemic events and less likely to tolerate prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) due to bleeding risk. The COMBO biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent promotes rapid endothelialization through endothelial progenitor cell capture technology which may be advantageous in elderly patients. We compared 1-year clinical outcomes and DAPT cessation events in patients >75 versus ≤75 years from the MASCOT registry.

Hippocampal and Cerebellar Changes in Acute Restraint Stress and the Impact of Pretreatment with Ceftriaxone.

Acute restraint stress (ARS) is an unavoidable stress situation and may be encountered in different clinical situations. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of ARS on the hippocampus and cerebellum, assess the impact of these effects on the behavior and cognitive function, and determine whether pretreatment with ceftriaxone would attenuate the damages produced by ARS on the hippocampus and cerebellum. Four groups of male mice were included in this study: The control group, ARS group, ceftriaxone group, and ARS + ceftriaxone group.

Sex differences in 1-year clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention with COMBO stents: From the COMBO collaboration.

Background: The COMBO drug eluting stent is a novel device with luminal endothelial progenitor cell capture technology for rapid homogeneous endothelialization.

Methods And Results: We examined for sex differences in 1-year outcomes after COMBO stenting from the COMBO collaboration, a pooled patient-level dataset from the MASCOT and REMEDEE multicenter registries. The primary endpoint was 1-year target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel-myocardial infarction (TV-MI), or clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR).

1-year results after PCI with the COMBO stent in all-comers in Asia versus Europe: Geographical insights from the COMBO collaboration.

Background: The COMBO drug-eluting stent combines sirolimus-elution from a biodegradable polymer with an anti-CD34+ antibody coating for early endothelialization.

Objective: We investigated for geographical differences in outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with the COMBO stent among Asians and Europeans.

Methods: The COMBO Collaboration is a pooled patient-level analysis of the MASCOT and REMEDEE registries of all-comers undergoing attempted COMBO stent PCI.

Sex Differences in Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio or Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Revascularization Strategy.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate sex differences in procedural characteristics and clinical outcomes of instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR)- and fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided revascularization strategies.

Background: An iFR-guided strategy has shown a lower revascularization rate than an FFR-guided strategy, without differences in clinical outcomes.

Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of the DEFINE-FLAIR (Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate stenosis to guide Revascularization) study, in which 601 women and 1,891 men were randomized to iFR- or FFR-guided strategy.

Comparison of Major Adverse Cardiac Events Between Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio and Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Strategy in Patients With or Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Invasive physiologic indices such as fractional flow reserve (FFR) and instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) are used in clinical practice. Nevertheless, comparative prognostic outcomes of iFR-guided and FFR-guided treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes have not yet been fully investigated.

Objective: To compare 1-year clinical outcomes of iFR-guided or FFR-guided treatment in patients with and without diabetes in the Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate Stenosis to Guide Revascularization (DEFINE-FLAIR) trial.

Clinical Events After Deferral of LAD Revascularization Following Physiological Coronary Assessment.

Background: Physicians are not always comfortable deferring treatment of a stenosis in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery because of the perception that there is a high risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The authors describe, using the DEFINE-FLAIR (Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate Stenosis to Guide Revascularisation) trial, MACE rates when LAD lesions are deferred, guided by physiological assessment using fractional flow reserve (FFR) or the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish the safety of deferring treatment in the LAD using FFR or iFR within the DEFINE-FLAIR trial.

Safety of the Deferral of Coronary Revascularization on the Basis of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio and Fractional Flow Reserve Measurements in Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndromes.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients deferred from coronary revascularization on the basis of instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) or fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements in stable angina pectoris (SAP) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS).

Background: Assessment of coronary stenosis severity with pressure guidewires is recommended to determine the need for myocardial revascularization.

Methods: The safety of deferral of coronary revascularization in the pooled per-protocol population (n = 4,486) of the DEFINE-FLAIR (Functional Lesion Assessment of Intermediate Stenosis to Guide Revascularisation) and iFR-SWEDEHEART (Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio Versus Fractional Flow Reserve in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris or Acute Coronary Syndrome) randomized clinical trials was investigated.

Use of the Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio or Fractional Flow Reserve in PCI.

Background: Coronary revascularization guided by fractional flow reserve (FFR) is associated with better patient outcomes after the procedure than revascularization guided by angiography alone. It is unknown whether the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), an alternative measure that does not require the administration of adenosine, will offer benefits similar to those of FFR.

Methods: We randomly assigned 2492 patients with coronary artery disease, in a 1:1 ratio, to undergo either iFR-guided or FFR-guided coronary revascularization.

Absorbable Polymer Technology - Viable Solutions for Unmet Needs in PCI: Proceedings of two satellite symposia held at EuroPCR, Paris in May 2015.

The use of drug-eluting stents (DES) has improved clinical outcomes in percutaneous coronary intervention procedures, but many challenges remain. In two symposia at EuroPCR 2015, the factors necessary to ensure successful chronic total occlusion (CTO) intervention were presented. Good preparation, sufficient operator experience and the correct approach are key to the success of CTO interventions.

Prospective Assessment of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio to Assess Coronary Stenosis Relevance: Results of ADVISE II International, Multicenter Study (ADenosine Vasodilator Independent Stenosis Evaluation II).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) to characterize, outside of a pre-specified range of values, stenosis severity, as defined by fractional flow reserve (FFR) ≤0.80, in a prospective, independent, controlled, core laboratory-based environment.

Background: Studies with methodological heterogeneity have reported some discrepancies in the classification agreement between iFR and FFR.

European expert consensus on rotational atherectomy.

The interest in rotational atherectomy (RA) has increased over the past decade as a consequence of more complex and calcified coronary stenoses being attempted with percutaneous coronary interventions. Yet adoption of RA is hampered by several factors: amongst others, by the lack of a standardised protocol. This European expert consensus document stems from the awareness of the large heterogeneity in the protocols adopted to perform rotational atherectomy.

Cre8™ Unique Technology in Challenging Daily Practice: Proceedings of a satellite symposium held at EuroPCR on 20th - 23rd May 2014 in Paris.

The use of drug-eluting stents (DES) has improved clinical outcomes in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures. However, first-generation DES were associated with safety concerns arising from the persistence of durable polymers, including late stent thrombosis. The Cre8™ DES is a novel polymer-free stent designed to overcome these issues.

Intracoronary versus intravenous adenosine-induced maximal coronary hyperemia for fractional flow reserve measurements.

Background: Maximal hyperemia is the critical prerequisite for fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment. Despite intravenous (IV) adenosine currently being the recommended approach, intracoronary (IC) administration of adenosine constitutes a valuable alternative in everyday practice. However, it is surprisingly unclear which IC strategy allows the achievement of FFR values that are comparable to IV adenosine.

Clinical outcomes after intravascular ultrasound and fractional flow reserve assessment of intermediate coronary lesions. Propensity score matching of large cohorts from two institutions with a differential approach.

Aims: Assessment of intermediate coronary lesions can be done with fractional flow reserve (FFR) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). There are no randomised trials and only a small registry from one centre is available but this is subject to important bias. We sought to evaluate the clinical outcomes of an FFR strategy compared with an IVUS strategy for intermediate lesion assessment.

Pooled analysis of percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty in Egypt.

Background: Till now, no pooled analysis summarizing the Egyptian experience in percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) exists.

Objectives And Methods: To pool the data of PMV procedures and perform a new analysis regarding the immediate outcome and follow-up results as well as to compare the results of different techniques.

Results: Patients (2,256) with mitral stenosis of rheumatic origin were included, 292 males and 1,964 females.

Carpal tunnel syndrome from thrombosed persistent median artery.

This article presents an extremely rare case of spontaneous acute carpal tunnel syndrome after thrombosis of a persistent median artery in a 43-year-old woman's left, nondominant wrist.