The full-length transcriptional of the multiple spatiotemporal embryo-gonad tissues in chicken (Gallus gallus).

Objectives: Chicken (Gallus gallus), as the most economically important poultry, is a classical and ideal model for studying the mechanism of vertebrate developmental biology and embryology. However, the sex determination and differentiation in chicken is still elusive, which limited the application and slowed down many basic studies in chicken.

Data Description: We applied PacBio Iso-seq to multiple spatiotemporal embryo-gonad tissues in the male and female chicken, which contain the blastoderm (E0, un-differentiation stage), genital ridge (E3.

Deletion of RFX6 impairs iPSC-derived islet organoid development and survival, with no impact on PDX1/NKX6.1 progenitors.

Aims/hypothesis: Homozygous mutations in RFX6 lead to neonatal diabetes accompanied by a hypoplastic pancreas, whereas heterozygous mutations cause MODY. Recent studies have also shown RFX6 variants to be linked with type 2 diabetes. Despite RFX6's known function in islet development, its specific role in diabetes pathogenesis remains unclear.

Identifying miRNA Signatures Associated with Pancreatic Islet Dysfunction in a FOXA2-Deficient iPSC Model.

The pathogenesis of diabetes involves complex changes in the expression profiles of mRNA and non-coding RNAs within pancreatic islet cells. Recent progress in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology have allowed the modeling of diabetes-associated genes. Our recent study using FOXA2-deficient human iPSC models has highlighted an essential role for FOXA2 in the development of human pancreas.

Generation of nine induced pluripotent stem cell lines from six young children with autism spectrum disorder and three matched control subjects from the Qatari population.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder characterized by challenges with social interactions and restricted/repetitive behaviors. Here, we recruited nine Qatari children of Arab ethnicity (males, aged 2-4 years), including six ASD subjects (n = 3 mild-to-moderate ASD and n = 3 severe ASD) and three control subjects. We generated induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from PBMC samples of these subjects using non-integrating Sendai viral vectors.

Genome-wide differential expression profiling of long non-coding RNAs in FOXA2 knockout iPSC-derived pancreatic cells.

Background: Our recent studies have demonstrated the crucial involvement of FOXA2 in the development of human pancreas. Reduction of FOXA2 expression during the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into pancreatic islets has been found to reduce α-and β-cell masses. However, the extent to which such changes are linked to alterations in the expression profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) remains unraveled.

Lightweight SCC Development in a Low-Carbon Cementitious System for Structural Applications.

The utilization of manufactured lightweight aggregates adds another dimension to the cost of the preparation of self-compacting concrete (SCC). The common practice of adding absorption water to the lightweight aggregates before concreting leads to inaccurate calculations of the water-to-cement ratio. Moreover, the absorption of water weakens this interfacial bond between aggregates and the cementitious matrix.

iPSC-Derived Pancreatic Progenitors Lacking FOXA2 Reveal Alterations in miRNA Expression Targeting Key Pancreatic Genes.

Recently, we reported that forkhead box A2 (FOXA2) is required for the development of human pancreatic α- and β-cells. However, whether miRNAs play a role in regulating pancreatic genes during pancreatic development in the absence of FOXA2 expression is largely unknown. Here, we aimed to capture the dysregulated miRNAs and to identify their pancreatic-specific gene targets in pancreatic progenitors (PPs) derived from wild-type induced pluripotent stem cells (WT-iPSCs) and from iPSCs lacking FOXA2 (FOXA2iPSCs).

iPSCs derived from insulin resistant offspring of type 2 diabetic patients show increased oxidative stress and lactate secretion.

Background: The genetic factors associated with insulin resistance (IR) are not well understood. Clinical studies on first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients, which have the highest genetic predisposition to T2D, have given insights into the role of IR in T2D pathogenesis. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are excellent tools for disease modeling as they can retain the genetic imprint of the disease.

Finite Element Modeling of Debonding Failures in FRP-Strengthened Concrete Beams Using Cohesive Zone Model.

Intermediate crack (IC) debonding and concrete cover separation (CCS) are common types of debonding failures in concrete beams flexurally strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the flexural behavior and predict the critical debonding failure in FRP-strengthened beams. The two critical debonding failures were considered in the FE model by implementing a cohesive zone model based on fracture mechanics considering the effect of the related parameters.

Effect of Stirrups on Plate End Debonding in Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Fiber Reinforced Polymers.

Plate end (PE) debonding is one of the critical debonding failure modes that may occur in reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs). This study investigated the effect of internal steel stirrups on the PE debonding failure load of FRP-strengthened RC beams. The dimensions of the beams were 3400 × 400 × 200 mm.

The biocompatibility of glass-fibre reinforced composites (GFRCs) - a systematic review.

Purpose: Fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) have received considerable attention, owing to their potential use in dental prostheses or bone fracture fixation applications. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze and report the biological properties of FRCs reported in the existing literature.

Study Selections: A systematic search of four databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane library) was performed to identify all relevant studies published between 1962 and 2019.

miR-302d Competitively Binding with the lncRNA-341 Targets TLE4 in the Process of SSC Generation.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential factors in the reproductive process of poultry. Here, we found miR-302d is a potential differentiation and negative factor of chicken embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs). The competition mechanism was carried out for the preliminary exploration to determine the relationship among miR-302d, lncRNA-341(interacting with miR-302d), and target gene TLE4.

Circulating Non-Coding RNAs as a Signature of Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptomatology.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifaced neurodevelopmental disorder that becomes apparent during early childhood development. The complexity of ASD makes clinically diagnosing the condition difficult. Consequently, by identifying the biomarkers associated with ASD severity and combining them with clinical diagnosis, one may better factionalize within the spectrum and devise more targeted therapeutic strategies.

An induced pluripotent stem cell line derived from a patient with neonatal diabetes and Fanconi-Bickel syndrome caused by a homozygous mutation in the SLC2A2 gene.

Recessive mutations in the glucose transporter gene SLC2A2 (GLUT2) lead to permanent neonatal diabetes (PNDM) and Fanconi Bickel Syndrome (FBS). Here, we generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, QBRIi012-A, from a 24-month-old boy with FBS and PNDM due to homozygous nonsense mutation in the SLC2A2 gene (c.901C > T).

In vivo toxicity and antitumor activity of newly green synthesized reduced graphene oxide/silver nanocomposites.

A novel biosynthesis of dual reduced graphene oxide/silver nanocomposites (rGO/AgNC) using the crude metabolite of Escherichia coli D8 (MF06257) strain and sunlight is introduced in this work. Physicochemical analysis of these rGO/AgNC revealed that they are sheet-like structures having spherically shaped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with an average particle size of 8 to 17 nm, and their absorption peak ranged from 350 to 450 nm. The biosynthesized rGO/AgNC were characterized by UV-vis and FT-IR spectra, X-ray diffraction, Zeta potential and transmission electron microscopy.

Long-term exposure to p-Nitrophenol induces hepatotoxicity via accelerating apoptosis and glycogen accumulation in male Japanese quails.

p-Nitrophenol (PNP) is the main end product of organophosphorus insecticides and a derivative of diesel exhaust particles. In addition to its unfavorable impact on reproductive functions in both genders, it also has various harmful physiological effects including lung cancer and allergic rhinitis. The identification of the cellular readout that functions in metabolic pathway perpetuation is still far from clear.

Insulin resistance in diabetes: The promise of using induced pluripotent stem cell technology.

Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with several metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). The development of IR in insulin target tissues involves genetic and acquired factors. Persons at genetic risk for T2D tend to develop IR several years before glucose intolerance.

Aberrant development of pancreatic beta cells derived from human iPSCs with FOXA2 deficiency.

FOXA2 has been identified as an essential factor for pancreas development and emerging evidence supports an association between FOXA2 and diabetes. Although the role of FOXA2 during pancreatic development is well-studied in animal models, its role during human islet cell development remains unclear. Here, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a patient with FOXA2 haploinsufficiency (FOXA2 iPSCs) followed by beta-cell differentiation to understand the role of FOXA2 during pancreatic beta-cell development.

Accuracy of 3-Dimensionally Printed Full-Arch Dental Models: A Systematic Review.

The use of additive manufacturing in dentistry has exponentially increased with dental model construction being the most common use of the technology. Henceforth, identifying the accuracy of additively manufactured dental models is critical. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature and evaluate the accuracy of full-arch dental models manufactured using different 3D printing technologies.

Generation of two human iPSC lines from patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 (MODY2) and permanent neonatal diabetes due to mutations in the GCK gene.

Heterozygous and homozygous mutations in the glucokinase (GCK) gene leads to maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 (MODY2) and permanent neonatal diabetes (PNDM), respectively. Here, we report the generation of two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines, QBRIi010-A and QBRIi011-A, from patients with MODY2 and PNDM due to mutations in the GCK gene (c.437 T > C).

Regulatory functions of gga-miR-218 in spermatogonial stem cells meiosis by targeting Stra8.

MicroRNAs play a crucial role in sperm formation, but its specific function remains unknown. Here, we found that gga-miR-218 regulates chicken sperm formation through in/ex vivo experiments. We constructed over-expression/interference carrier to overexpress and inhibit gga-miR-218 in chicken spermatogonial stem cells, separately, the detection of haploid and QRT-PCR of meiosis related genes revealed that gga-miR-218 inhibits meiosis.

Derivation of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (QBRIi007-A) from a patient carrying a homozygous intronic mutation (c.613-7T>G) in the SLC2A2 gene.

Fanconi Bickel Syndrome (FBS) is an autosomal recessive disease resulting from mutations in the SLC2A2 gene, encoding the GLUT2. FBS patients develop diabetes mellitus. Using non-integrating Sendai virus, we generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, QBRIi007-A, carrying the c.

Keratinocytes Derived from Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Recapitulate the Genetic Signature of Psoriasis Disease.

Psoriasis is characterized by hyperproliferation and defective differentiation of keratinocytes (KCs). Patients with psoriasis are at a high risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The debate on the genetic origin of psoriasis pathogenesis remains unresolved due to lack of suitable in vitro human models mimicking the disease phenotypes.