Synthesis, characterization, and enzyme inhibition evaluation of sitagliptin derivatives and their metal complexes.

Aims: This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of novel sitagliptin derivatives, aiming to develop potent, orally active anti-diabetic agents with minimal side effects for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Copper (II) (SCu1-SCu9) and zinc (II) (SZn1-SZn9) metal complexes of sitagliptin-based derivatives were synthesized via a template reaction.

Material & Method: The synthesized complexes were comprehensively characterized using elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis, 1 h NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy.

Correction to: same-day discharge after elective percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion in the UK.

This corrects the article doi: 10.25270/jic/21.00036.

Synthesis of quercetin derivatives as cytotoxic against breast cancer MCF-7 cell line and studies.

Quercetin being antioxidant and antiproliferative agent acts by inhibiting CDK2, with an increase in cancer prevalence there is a need to profile quercetin derivatives as CDK2 inhibitors. Schiff bases of quercetin were synthesized as cytotoxic agents against the MCF7 cell line. FTIR, H-NMR and C-NMR, CHNS/O analysis were employed along with and activities.

Comparison of parent or caregiver-completed development screening tools with Bayley Scales of Infant Development: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Parent/caregiver-completed developmental testing (PCDT) is integral to developmental care in children; however, there is limited information on its accuracy. In this systematic review, we compared the diagnostic accuracy of PCDT with concurrently administered Bayley Scales of Infant Development for detection of developmental delay (DD) in children below 4 years of age.

Methods: We searched databases PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Google Scholar until November 2023.

Combined Rotational excimer lASER coronary atherectomy (RASER) in non-crossable, non-dilatable coronary artery disease: observations from a single center.

Background: Balloon non-crossable stenoses represent a challenging subset of coronary artery disease (CAD). They are clinically associated with patients who are older, frailer, and with multi-morbidities, and angiographically with increased tortuosity and coronary artery calcification. Combined rotational (RA) excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA), or RASER, may facilitate stent delivery and deployment in non-crossable, non-dilatable severely calcified lesions.

An Update Summary on the Learning Sciences Within an Ophthalmic Context.

Clinical reasoning, specifically diagnostic decision-making, has been a subject of fragmented literature since the 1970s, marked by diverse theories and conflicting perspectives. This article reviews the latest evidence in medical education, drawing from scientific literature, to offer ophthalmologists insights into optimal strategies for personal learning and the education of others. It explores the historical development of clinical reasoning theories, emphasising the challenges in understanding how doctors formulate diagnoses.

Norfloxacin derivatives as DNA gyrase and urease inhibitors: synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking.

DNA gyrase and urease enzymes are important targets for the treatment of gastroenteritis, appendicitis, tuberculosis, urinary tract infections and Crohn's disease. Esterification of norfloxacin was performed to enhance DNA gyrase and urease enzyme inhibition potential. Structure elucidation and chemical characterization were done through spectral (H NMR, Fourier transform IR, C NMR) and carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur analysis along with molecular docking.

Optical coherence tomography angiography: a review of the current literature.

This narrative review presents a comprehensive examination of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), a non-invasive retinal vascular imaging technology, as reported in the existing literature. Building on the coherence tomography principles of standard OCT, OCTA further delineates the retinal vascular system, thus offering an advanced alternative to conventional dye-based imaging. OCTA provides high-resolution visualisation of both the superficial and deep capillary networks, an achievement previously unattainable.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Dexibuprofen Derivatives as Novel Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Molecular Docking Studies.

Prodrugs of dexibuprofen having ester moieties instead of free carboxylic acid which involves in gastrointestinal side effects have been synthesized. Dexibuprofen acid was condensed with different alcohols/phenols to afford the ester prodrugs. All of the synthesized prodrugs were characterized by their physical attributes, elemental analysis, FT-IR, H-NMR, and C-NMR spectroscopy.

Early experience of intravascular lithotripsy in unprotected calcified left main coronary artery disease.

Background: Treatment of unprotected severely calcified left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease is a complex interventional procedure. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) and rotational atherectomy (RA) are safe and effective methods of treating coronary calcification in the non-LMCA setting. This retrospective analysis assessed the feasibility of IVL versus RA in unprotected LMCA disease.

The Dilemma of Repeat In-Stent Restenosis: Can Intravascular Lithotripsy Provide an Alternative Approach to an Age-old Problem?

In-stent restenosis (ISR) has always been considered a conundrum for interventional cardiologists. Despite many technical advances in the past 20 years aimed at reducing its occurrence, this area of interventional cardiology remains challenging. Here, we present a novel use of intravascular lithotripsy therapy (IVL) in a patient with repeat ISR, in whom IVL treatment has provided excellent procedural and follow-up results.

Interventions for reducing late-onset sepsis in neonates: an umbrella review.

Objectives: Neonatal sepsis is one of the leading causes of neonatal deaths in neonatal intensive care units. Hence, it is essential to review the evidence from systematic reviews on interventions for reducing late-onset sepsis (LOS) in neonates.

Methods: PubMed and the Cochrane Central were searched from inception through August 2020 without any language restriction.

Post-operative Horner's Syndrome Following Total Thyroidectomy: A Case Report.

The oculosympathetic chain is a three-neuron pathway responsible for sympathetic innervation to the eye, which follows a complex anatomical course through the head and neck. Neck surgery may cause injury to this pathway, causing loss of sympathetic innervation producing the eponymous Horner's syndrome (ipsilateral ptosis, miosis and anhidrosis), but this is rare in the reported literature. We present the case of a 23-year-old female who underwent total thyroidectomy for a right-sided, metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Antenatal Magnesium Sulfate for Preterm Neuroprotection: A Single-Center Experience from Kuwait Tertiary NICU.

Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of antenatal exposure of magnesium sulfate (MgSO) on short- and long-term outcomes in preterm neonates born less than 32 weeks gestation.

Methods: Single-center retrospective cohort study of 229 neonates born between 24 and 32 weeks gestation was conducted from January 2018 through December 2018 in a level III neonatal care unit in Kuwait. Antenatal MgSO exposure was collected from the medical records, and the indication was for neuroprotection effect.

Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Ruptured Plaques in Native Arteries and Neoatherosclerotic Segments: An OCT-Based and Computational Fluid Dynamics Study.

Background: Intravascular imaging has been used to assess the morphology of lesions causing an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in native vessels (NV) and identify differences between plaques that ruptured (PR) and caused an event and those that ruptured without clinical manifestations. However, there is no data about the morphological and physiological characteristics of neoatherosclerotic plaques that ruptured (PR-NA) which constitute a common cause of stent failure.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients admitted with an acute myocardial infarction that had optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the culprit vessel before balloon pre-dilation.

The number of androgen receptor CAG repeats and mortality in men.

Introduction: The androgen receptor (AR) mediates peripheral effects of testosterone. Evidence suggests that the number of CAG repeats in exon-1 of the AR gene negatively correlates with AR transcriptional activity. The aim of this analysis was to determine the association between CAG repeat number and mortality in men.

Resection and reconstruction with and without neoadjuvant denosumab in campanacci grade III giant cell tumors of proximal humerus: a retrospective comparative study.

Background: Giant cell tumors (GCT) of the proximal humerus are rarely reported case that requires complex surgeries due to involvement of the shoulder joint. Therefore, we report the first retrospective comparative study where the postoperative functional outcomes, recurrence rate and complications in patients who underwent arthrodesis of shoulder after resection of grade III GCT with and without neoadjuvant denosumab are compared.

Methods: A retrospective review of eight cases of grade III GCT of proximal humerus receiving resection and fibular strut graft and arthrodesis between January 2014 and December 2019 is performed.

Is there a role for natural desiccated thyroid in the treatment of levothyroxine unresponsive hypothyroidism? Results from a consecutive case series.

Introduction: Some levothyroxine unresponsive individuals with hypothyroidism are prescribed a natural desiccated thyroid (NDT) preparation such as Armour Thyroid or ERFA Thyroid . These contain a mixture of levothyroxine and liothyronine in a fixed ratio. We evaluated the response to NDT in individuals at a single endocrine centre in terms of how the change from levothyroxine to NDT impacted on their lives in relation to quality of life (QOL) and thyroid symptoms.

Prognostic value of admission high-sensitivity troponin in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Background And Aim: Although the diagnostic usefulness of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) is well established in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), its prognostic relevance in risk stratification of patients with STEMI remains obscure. This study sought to determine the prognostic value of pre-reperfusion (admission) and post-reperfusion (12-hour) hs-cTnT in patients with STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).

Methods: Retrospective observational longitudinal study including consecutive patients with STEMI treated with PPCI at a university hospital in the northeast of England.