Ischemic Stroke and Autophagy: The Roles of Long Non-Coding RNAs.

Ischemic stroke is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Autophagy, a process of intracellular degradation, has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as essential regulators of autophagy in various diseases, including ischemic stroke.

Label-Free Field Effect Transistors (FETs) for Fabrication of Point-of-Care (POC) Biomedical Detection Probes.

Field effect transistors (FETs)-based detection probes are powerful platforms for quantification in biological media due to their sensitivity, ease of miniaturization, and ability to function in biological media. Especially, FET-based platforms have been utilized as promising probes for label-free detections with the potential for use in real-time monitoring. The integration of new materials in the FET-based probe enhances the analytical performance of the developed probes by increasing the active surface area, rejecting interfering agents, and providing the possibility for surface modification.

Optimal distribution grid allocation of reactive power with a focus on the particle swarm optimization technique and voltage stability.

A structured approach to managing reactive power is imperative within the context of power systems. Among the restructuring initiatives in the electrical sector, power systems have undergone delineation into three principal categories: generation, transmission, and distribution entities, each of which is overseen by an independent system operator. Notably, active power emerges as the predominant commodity transacted within the electrical market, with the autonomous grid operator assuming the responsibility of ensuring conducive conditions for the execution of energy contracts across the transmission infrastructure.

NF-κB pathway as a molecular target for curcumin in diabetes mellitus treatment: Focusing on oxidative stress and inflammation.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a collection of metabolic disorder that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Recent studies have demonstrated the crucial involvement of oxidative stress (OS) and inflammatory reactions in the development of DM. Curcumin (CUR), a natural compound derived from turmeric, exerts beneficial effects on diabetes mellitus through its interaction with the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway.

Incorporation of immunotherapies and nanomedicine to better normalize angiogenesis-based cancer treatment.

Neoadjuvant targeting of tumor angiogenesis has been developed and approved for the treatment of malignant tumors. However, vascular disruption leads to tumor hypoxia, which exacerbates the treatment process and causes drug resistance. In addition, successful delivery of therapeutic agents and efficacy of radiotherapy require normal vascular networks and sufficient oxygen, which complete tumor vasculopathy hinders their efficacy.

The mechanisms behind the dual role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis suppressor-1 in human tumors: Shedding light on the molecular mechanisms.

When the expression levels of metastasis suppressor-1 (MTSS1) were discovered to be downregulated in a metastatic cancer cell line in 2002, it was proposed that MTSS1 functioned as a suppressor of metastasis. The 755 amino acid long protein MTSS1 connects to actin and organizes the cytoskeleton. Its gene is located on human chromosome 8q24.

Magnetic nanocomposite based on chitosan-gelatin hydrogel embedded with copper oxide nanoparticles: A novel and promising catalyst for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives.

Nanocatalysts are vital in several domains, such as chemical processes, energy generation, energy preservation, and environmental pollution mitigation. An experimental study was conducted at room temperature to evaluate the catalytic activity of the new gelatin-chitosan hydrogel/CuO/FeO nanocomposite in the asymmetric Hantzsch reaction. All components of the nanocomposite exhibit a synergistic effect as a Lewis acid, promote the reaction.

The role of lymph node metastasis in early gastritis Individuals following noncurative endoscopic Resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Recent studies suggest that individuals who underwent noncurative endoscopic resection for gastric cancer may require additional surgery. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the risk of lymph node metastasis in these cases.

Methods: We comprehensively examined relevant literature by extensively reviewing electronic databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Lawsone and Nanoparticles in Cancer and Infectious Disease Management.

Lawsone, a naturally occurring compound found in henna, has been used in traditional medicine for centuries due to its diverse biological activities. In recent years, its nanoparticle-based structure has gained attention in cancer and infectious disease research. This review explores the therapeutic potential of lawsone and its nanoparticles in the context of cancer and infectious diseases.

A review of recent advancement in covalent organic framework (COFs) synthesis and characterization with a focus on their applications in antibacterial activity.

The primary objective of this review is to present a comprehensive examination of the synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial applications of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). COFs represent a distinct category of porous materials characterized by a blend of advantageous features, including customizable pore dimensions, substantial surface area, and adaptable chemical properties. These attributes position COFs as promising contenders for various applications, notably in the realm of antibacterial activity.

Isothermal amplification methods in cancer-related miRNA detection; a new paradigm in study of cancer pathology.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression. They are involved in a wide range of biological processes, including development, differentiation, cell cycle regulation, and response to stress. Numerous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are present in different bodily fluids, which could serve as an important biomarker.

An artificial intelligence approach to predict infants' health status at birth.

Background: Machine learning could be used for prognosis/diagnosis of maternal and neonates' diseases by analyzing the data sets and profiles obtained from a pregnant mother.

Purpose: We aimed to develop a prediction model based on machine learning algorithms to determine important maternal characteristics and neonates' anthropometric profiles as the predictors of neonates' health status.

Methods: This study was conducted among 1280 pregnant women referred to healthcare centers to receive antenatal care.

Aptamer-Magnetic Nanoparticle Complexes for Powerful Biosensing: A Comprehensive Review.

The selective and sensitive diagnosis of diseases is a significant matter in the early stages of the cure of illnesses. To elaborate, although several types of probes have been broadly applied in clinics, magnetic nanomaterials-aptamers, as new-generation probes, are becoming more and more attractive. The presence of magnetic nanomaterials brings about quantification, purification, and quantitative analysis of biomedical, especially in complex samples.

Artificial intelligence in cancer diagnosis: Opportunities and challenges.

Since cancer is one of the world's top causes of death, early diagnosis is critical to improving patient outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a viable technique for cancer diagnosis by using machine learning algorithms to examine large volumes of data for accurate and efficient diagnosis. AI has the potential to alter the way cancer is detected fundamentally.

Study of the kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic aspects of the removal and recovery of divalent lead heavy metal ions from industrial wastewaters contaminated by vesavin-enriched XAD-11600 amberlite resin.

In this study, we developed a unique adsorbent known as extractant-impregnated resin (EIR) by surface impregnation of XAD-11600 amberlite resin with the Vesavin ligand. This resin demonstrated exceptional selectivity for the absorption of lead (Pb) ions from aqueous solutions. The ability of EIR to remove lead from polluted water was studied as a function of experimental parameters, including the kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics of the adsorption process.

The cardioprotective effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles against the poisoning generated by aluminum phosphide pesticide: Controlling oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage.

Background: Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is a well-known toxic compound used as an agricultural pesticide to prevent insect damage to stored crops. However, even if just a small amount was consumed, it caused lasting harm to the human body and, in acute concentrations, death. The current study employed cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) to reduce oxidative stress and various harmful outcomes of AlP poisoning.

Methanol extract of Iraqi Kurdistan Region as a potent source of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents for the synthesis of novel and bioactive polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers.

In this study, aqueous, ethanol, methanol, and hexane extracts from Iraqi Kurdistan Region Daphne mucronata were prepared due to the numerous applications and development of nanofibers in biological and medical fields, including food packaging, enzyme stabilization, and wound dressing. In the initial evaluation of the extracts, the antioxidant properties against DPPH, antimicrobial properties against 3-gram-positive bacterial species, 3-gram negative bacterial species, 3-common bacterial species between aquatic and human, and 3-fungal species, and anticancer properties against breast cancer cells were performed. The results proved that the methanol extract has the highest antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer properties.

Exosomes derived from adipose stem cells in combination with hyaluronic acid promote diabetic wound healing.

Diabetic wound is one of the main challenges in dermatology. Although stem cell-based treatment has therapeutic benefits in wound repair, the clinical application is still limited. Herein we investigated whether adipose stem cells -derived exosomes (Exo) loaded on hyaluronic acid (HA) could promote healing in diabetic rats.

A computational study on the mercaptopurine drug interaction with aluminum nitride nanostructures: analyzed by Marcus theory of electron-transfer.

We analyzed the mercaptopurine adsorption on AlN nanostructures consisting of zero-dimensional nanoclusters, one-dimensional nanotubes, and two-dimensional nanosheets using calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). The adsorption energy, energy band gap, fluctuations in the energy band gap, charge transfers, and types of interactions that take place after mercaptopurine is adsorbed on the AlN nanostructures have all been calculated using DFT. The results show MP adsorption energies on AlN nanoparticles are -4.

Microfluidic-based nanoemulsion of Ocimum basilicum extract: Constituents, stability, characterization, and potential biomedical applications for improved antimicrobial and anticancer properties.

This paper reports on the findings from a study that aimed to identify and characterize the constituents of Ocimum basilicum extract using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, as well as assess the physicochemical properties and stability of nanoemulsions formulated with O. basilicum extract. The GC-MS analysis revealed that the O.

A comprehension of signaling pathways and drug resistance; an insight into the correlation between microRNAs and cancer.

Despite the development of numerous therapies, cancer remains an incurable disease due to various factors, including drug resistance produced by cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate different target genes involved in biological and pathological processes, including cancer, through post-transcriptional mechanisms. The development of drug resistance in cancer treatment is a significant barrier because it decreases drug uptake, cellular transport, and changes in proteins involved in cell proliferation, survival, and apoptotic pathways.

Involving stemness factors to improve CAR T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy.

Treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells indicated remarkable clinical responses with liquid cancers such as hematological malignancies; however, their therapeutic efficacy faced with many challenges in solid tumors due to severe toxicities, antigen evasion, restricted and limited tumor tissue trafficking and infiltration, and, more importantly, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) factors that impair the CAR T-cell function adds support survival of cancer stem cells (CSCs), responsible for tumor recurrence and resistance to current cancer therapies. Therefore, in-depth identification of TME and development of more potent CAR platform targeting CSCs may overcome the raised challenges, as presented in this review. We also discuss recent stemness-based innovations in CAR T-cell production and engineering to improve their efficacy in vivo, and finally, we propose solutions and strategies such as oncolytic virus-based therapy and combination therapy to revive the function of CAR T-cell therapy, especially in TME of solid tumors in future.