Endoscopic Evaluation after Conventional Adenoid Curettage.

 Adenoidectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by otolaryngologists. Traditional adenoid curettage is performed blindly, which can result in inadequate removal of the adenoid and injury to the surrounding structures.  To perform transnasal endoscopic examinations to assess the nasopharynx after conventional curettage adenoidectomy.

Infrahyoid muscle flap as augmentation of pharyngeal repair after total laryngectomy.

Introduction: To assess the usage of contralateral infrahyoid muscles as onlay flap in prevention of pharyngo-cutaneous fistula (PCF) in total laryngectomy (TL) patients with high risk factors of PCF development.

Methods: This study included 10 patients who suffered from advanced laryngeal carcinoma with presence of risk factors for development of PCF. We added an enforcement muscular layer during neo-pharynx wall repair, the infrahyoid muscle flap of the contralateral side of the tumour origin as an onlay muscular flap to cover the anastomotic site for healing augmentation.

Post COVID-19 Head and Neck Mucormycosis: MR Imaging Spectrum and Staging.

Objective: To develop a systematic approach for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis, imaging spectrum, and classification system for the staging of post-COVID-19 head and neck mucormycosis.

Method: The study included 63 post-COVID-19 patients with pathologically proven mucormycosis who underwent head and neck MR imaging. Three independent radiologists assessed the imaging spectrum of mucormycosis, MRI characteristics of sino-nasal mucormycosis, and extra-sinus extension, and submitted a final staging using a systematic approach and a proposed categorization system.

Simple Endoscopic Application of Laryngeal Keel Stent.

This study describes a simple extraendolaryngeal technique to apply laryngeal keel in dealing with anterior commissure web/fibrosis. Standard extraendolaryngeal punctures were applied via 20-gauge needles, 30° from the skin surface, in midline through the cricothyroid and thyrohyoid membranes. These needles were used as a conduit for the passage of 2/0 Prolene threads, which were retrieved through the laryngoscope by crocodile forceps.

Role of Axial Split Osteotomy of Free Fibula Flap in Mandibular Reconstruction and Dental Rehabilitation.

The fibula free flap (FFF) is regarded as the gold standard in mandibular reconstruction. Dental rehabilitation is important to improve the health-related quality of life of patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction. FFF provides adequate cortical bone osseous tissue for use in dental implantation.

Use of CAD-CAM technology to improve orthognathic surgery outcomes in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.

Introduction: Although multilevel surgery is the mainstay treatment for severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), bi-maxillary surgery (maxillomandibular advancement [MMA]) is the most efficacious single procedure for the expansion of the whole pharyngeal airway. MMA is an alternative to the gold standard of continuous positive airway pressure and is equivalent to tracheotomy.

Patients And Method: Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology was used to virtually assess the degree of mandibular and/or maxillary advancement and rotation required to obtain adequate posterior airway space (PAS) in eight patients (seven males, one female).

Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing Versus Conventional Free Fibula Flap Reconstruction in Benign Mandibular Lesions: An Italian Cost Analysis.

Purpose: The cost of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology has created obstacles for its widespread use despite its several advantages. This study compared the cost of CAD-CAM technology with that of the conventional freehand technique in fibula reshaping for mandibular reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted at the Maxillofacial and Dental Unit of the Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (Milan, Italy).

Two- versus Three-Point Internal Fixation of Displaced Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures.

Despite the high frequency of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, there is no consensus among facial reconstructive surgeons regarding the best surgical management; thus, surgical choice for ZMC fractures is still challenging. This study included 40 patients with displaced ZMC fracture. Twenty patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation (OR/IF) using two-point fixation technique (at infraorbital margin and zygomaticofrontal buttress region) and the remaining 20 patients were treated with OR/IF using three-point fixation technique (at frontozygomatic suture, infraorbital margin, and zygomatico maxillary buttress).

External Nasal Valve Repair in Children: Alar Batten Graft Reinforced by External Temporary Suspensory Suture.

Background: The nasal valve area is the narrowest point in the nasal airway. External nasal valve (ENV) collapse during inspiration occurs if external valve area is too narrow or its lateral component is too floppy.

Patients And Method: Twelve patients (7 males, 5 females) aged 8 to 12 years complaining of nasal obstruction due to ENV dysfunction underwent surgical intervention using alar batten graft assisted by temporary external suspensory suture.

Infraorbital foramen localization in orbitozygomatic fractures: a CT study with intraoperative finding.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the infraorbital foramen (IOF) using CT in patients with Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures (midface fracture).

Patients And Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 49 patients had ZMC fractures (98 sides) and 27 patients (54 sides) with craniomaxillofacial fractures rather than fractured ZMC as a control. Using CT, position of IOF was documented on 3D view in relation to inferior orbital rim, tooth root relation and finally with a novel imaginary line passing between anterior nasal spine and whitnall tubercle.

Simple Percutaneous Transbuccal Approach for Management of Mandibular Angular Fracture.

Objective: To describe a relatively simple, easy, and safe technique for open reduction and internal fixation of the mandibular angle fracture using the combined modified percutaneous and oral approach with no special instrumentation.

Patients And Methods: This study was carried out on 10 patients who had traumatic mandibular angle fractures. All patients were managed by open reduction and internal fixation.

Mental Foramen Relation to Mandibular Fracture.

Objective: To detect site of the mental nerve foramen in patients of mandibular fracture and study its relation to mandibular fracture site using radiology and operative findings during open reduction and internal fixation.

Patients And Methods: This study was carried out on 46 patients who had traumatic mandibular fractures. All patients were managed by open reduction and internal fixation during which mental foramen site and fracture site were reported and analyzed and compared to preoperative radiography.

Electromyography assessment in zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles using surface electromyography (EMG) in patients with zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 25 patients who had ZMC fractures. Fifteen patients were managed by open reduction and rigid fixation (ORIF) using titanium miniplates.