Management of mild head injury in the pediatric patient.

SUMMARY MHI is a common disorder in t he pediatric population. While most children recover uneventfully, a small percentage has persistence of symptoms and long-term sequelae. Determining the optimal timing for return to play can be difficult, but adherence to guidelines may reduce the risk of compounding the injury.

Effects of magnesium sulfate administration during hypoxia on Ca(2+) influx and IP(3) receptor modification in cerebral cortical neuronal nuclei of newborn piglets.

Magnesium is a non-competitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor. Hypoxic insults to the brain are associated with a significant increase in the intranuclear Ca(2+) due to altered nuclear membrane Ca(2+) influx mechanisms including hypoxia-induced modifications of nuclear membrane IP(3) receptors. In this study we have examined the effects of magnesium sulfate administration to newborn piglets subjected to normoxia and severe hypoxia.

Effects of magnesium sulfate administration during hypoxia on CaM kinase IV and protein tyrosine kinase activities in the cerebral cortex of newborn piglets.

The present study tested the hypothesis that magnesium sulfate administration prior to hypoxia prevents hypoxia-induced increase in Ca(2+)/Calmodulin-dependent-kinase (CaM Kinase) IV and Protein Tyrosine Kinase (PTK ) activities. Animals were randomly divided into normoxic (Nx), hypoxic (Hx) and magnesium-pretreated hypoxic (Mg(2+)-Hx) groups. Cerebral hypoxia was confirmed biochemically by measuring ATP and phosphocreatine (PCr) levels.