Surgical treatment of sinonasal inverted papilloma.

Purpose Of Review: To highlight how surgery of inverted papilloma has developed during the past year. Moreover, to give our own opinion on the state of research regarding inverted papilloma surgical management.

Recent Findings: Recent studies covering surgical treatment of inverted papilloma concentrated on the optimum surgical management aiming at complete resection, least morbidity and best outcome, with special interest regarding the maxillary and frontal sinuses.

Chemical modification of Aspergillus niger β-glucosidase and its catalytic properties.

Aspergillus niger β-glucosidase was modified by covalent coupling to periodate activated polysaccharides (glycosylation). The conjugated enzyme to activated starch showed the highest specific activity (128.5 U/mg protein).

Evaluation of free and immobilized Aspergillus niger NRC1ami pectinase applicable in industrial processes.

The Aspergillus niger NRC1ami pectinase was evaluated according to its hydrolysis efficiency of dry untreated orange peels (UOP), HCl-treated orange peels and NaOH-treated orange peels (HOP and NOP). Pectinase was entrapped in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sponge and the optimum pH and temperature of the free and immobilized enzymes were shifted from 4, 40 °C to 6, 50 °C respectively. The study of pH stability of free and immobilized pectinase showed that the immobilization process protected the enzyme strongly from severe alkaline pHs.

Production of levansucrase from Bacillus subtilis NRC 33a and enzymic synthesis of levan and Fructo-Oligosaccharides.

Bacillus subtilis NRC 33a was able to produce both inducible and constitutive extracellular levansucrase, respectively, using sucrose and glucose as carbon source. The optimal production of the levansucrase was at 30 degrees C. The effect of different nitrogen sources showed that baker's yeast with 2% concentration gave the highest levansucrase activity.