GC-MS, Antibacterial and In silico Studies of Sudanese Stem Bark Alcoholic Extract.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a critical global issue, and medicinal plants, as a key source of therapeutic agents, offer potential solutions by offering new antibacterial agents. tree, known as Al Kakamout in Sudan, is a significant source of Gum Arabic and has been traditionally used to treat bacterial diseases. This study aimed to investigate a hydro-ethanol extract of Kakamout stem bark through GC-MS analysis, evaluate its antibacterial activity against two standard bacterial strains, and conduct molecular docking and ADME studies.

Specific Cell Targeting by Displaying Functional Single-Chain Variable Fragment as a Novel Strategy; A Proof of Principle.

holds significant therapeutic potential; however, its nonspecific invasiveness results in off-target effects. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether specificity can be improved by surface display of scFv directed against dendritic cells' endocytic receptor, DEC205, and immune checkpoint PD-L1. Anti-DEC205 scFv was anchored to the surface either directly via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) or by fusion with the SAG1 protein.

Multi-method computational evaluation of the inhibitors against leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 G2019S mutant for Parkinson's disease.

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 G2019S mutant (LRRK2 G2019S) is a potential target for Parkinson's disease therapy. In this work, the computational evaluation of the LRRK2 G2019S inhibitors was conducted via a combined approach which contains a preliminary screening of a large database of compounds via similarity and pharmacophore, a secondary selection via structure-based affinity prediction and molecular docking, and a rescoring treatment for the final selection. MD simulations and MM/GBSA calculations were performed to check the agreement between different prediction methods for these inhibitors.

Phytochemical constituents, anticancer activity and computational studies of .

The cytotoxic effects of L. aerial part ethanol extract were examined against some cancer cell lines, and HUVEC normal cell lines using MTT assay. The ethanolic extract was prepared by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC.

Red Cell Alloimmunization in Repeatedly Transfused Sudanese Patients with leukemia in Northern Sudan.

Background: Leukemia frequently causes anemia; thus patients need products containing normal blood or RBCs for treatment. Anti-red blood cell alloantibody formation is still a critical challenge in transfusion.

Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate RBC alloantibodies in Sudanese leukemia patients who receive multiple blood transfusions at the cancer center in Dongola and Maroyee, Northern Sudan.

Solubility enhancement of some poorly soluble drugs by solid dispersion using Ziziphus spina-christi gum polymer.

A high percentage of marketed drugs suffer from poor water solubility and require an appropriate technique to increase their solubility. This study aims to compare physically modified and unmodified gum polymers extracted from fruits as solid dispersion carriers for some drugs. Taguchi Orthogonal Design (L9) was chosen for the screening and optimization of the solid dispersions.

Economizing on a 12 mm port incision site: modification of robotic bowel stapling technique in Da Vinci X/Xi left colonic resections-the modified Norfolk and Norwich robotic stapling technique.

The modified Norfolk and Norwich technique allows to replace a 12 mm port incision site by an 8 mm one, therefore reducing potential postoperative complications linked to 12 mm incisions by robotically stapling through the routinely placed suprapubic Alexis port.

Complete mesocolic excision versus conventional surgery for colon cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Complete mesocolic excision (CME) lacks consistent data advocating operative superiority compared to conventional surgery for colon cancer. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, analysing population characteristics and perioperative, pathological and oncological outcomes.

Methods: D3 extended lymphadenectomy dissection was considered comparable to CME, and D2 and D1 dissection to be comparable to conventional surgery.

Epidemiological and clinical presentations of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Libya: An initial report from Africa.

Background: The first case of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Libya was diagnosed in March 2020. We aimed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of COVID-19 in Libya.

Method: In this retrospective descriptive study, we analyzed the demographics, initial clinical presentation, history, comorbidities, laboratory findings, complications, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 at several centers in the Western part of Libya between March 24, 2020, and December 3, 2020.

Utilization of Telehealth Services in Libya in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Analysis.

Background: Health care systems in transitional countries have witnessed unprecedented challenges related to adequate and continuous health care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic. In many countries, including Libya, institutions and organizations have begun to implement telehealth technology for the first time. This serves to establish an alternative modality for direct physician-patient interviews to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission.

Telemedicine Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude, and Skills of Health Care Workers in a Low-Resource Country During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, several health care programs intended to provide telemedicine services have been introduced in Libya. Many physicians have used these services to provide care and advice to their patients remotely.

Objective: This study aimed to provide an overview of physicians' awareness, knowledge, attitude, and skill in using telehealth services in Libya.

The Mental Well-Being of Frontline Physicians Working in Civil Wars Under Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Conditions.

Emergency medical physicians are regarded as essential frontline staff in combating the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. These health-care workers are faced with significant stressors in addition to the usual stress felt in their regular work. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and burnout among emergency physicians on the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Complete mitochondrial genomes provide current refined phylogenomic hypotheses for relationships among ten species.

is the most species-rich genus of the passerine swallow family (Hirundinidae) and has a cosmopolitan distribution. Here we report the complete, annotated mitochondrial genomes for 25 individuals from 10 of the 14 extant species; these include representatives from four subspecies of the barn swallow, . Mitogenomes were conserved in size, ranging from 18,500 to 18,700 base pairs.

Relationship between total vitamin D metabolites and complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.

In our previous study, it was shown that endogenous vitamin D and its metabolites are associated with diabetic microvascular complications and cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of the present study was to determine if the relationship between total vitamin D (vitamin D supplements plus endogenous vitamin D) was a better predictor of complications in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A total of 460 patients with T2DM participated in the present cross-sectional study.

Burnout Syndrome Among Hospital Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Civil War: A Cross-Sectional Study.

We aimed to determine the prevalence of burnout among hospital healthcare workers in Libya during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and civil war. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 18 to May 2, 2020 among Libyan healthcare workers. Data on participant characteristics were collected with a specifically designed questionnaire.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education: Medical students' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding electronic learning.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused an unprecedented disruption in medical education and healthcare systems worldwide. The disease can cause life-threatening conditions and it presents challenges for medical education, as instructors must deliver lectures safely, while ensuring the integrity and continuity of the medical education process. It is therefore important to assess the usability of online learning methods, and to determine their feasibility and adequacy for medical students.

Informed self-assessment versus preceptor evaluation: a comparative study of pediatric procedural skills acquisition of fifth year medical students.

Background: Simulation training is widely used in medical education as students rarely perform clinical procedures, and confidence can influence practitioners' ability to perform procedures. Thus, this study assessed students' perceptions and experiences of a pediatric skills program and compared their informed self-assessment with their preceptor-evaluated performance competency for several pediatric clinical procedures.

Methods: A total of 65 final-year medical students attended a weeklong pediatric skills training course by the University of Tripoli that used a manikin and various clinical scenarios to simulate real-life cases.

Psychological status of healthcare workers during the civil war and COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Healthcare workers, particularly those working in departments that provide care for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are at a higher risk of this contagious disease than those who work in other departments. The aim of this study was to assess the psychological status of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak, which has compounded Libya's existing civil war-related problems.

Methods: A multi-center cross-sectional survey on depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and abuse was conducted.

The genus Madurella: Molecular identification and epidemiology in Sudan.

Eumycetoma (mycotic mycetoma) is the fungal form of mycetoma, a subcutaneous infection occurring in individuals living in endemic areas of the disease. The Sudan is hyperendemic for mycetoma, with the highest incidence being reported from Gezira State, Central Sudan. The present study was conducted at the Gezira Mycetoma Center and aimed to determine the cause of black-grain eumycetoma in the state and describe its epidemiology.

Assessment of Healthcare Workers' Levels of Preparedness and Awareness Regarding COVID-19 Infection in Low-Resource Settings.

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is spreading rapidly worldwide, with devastating consequences for patients, healthcare workers, health systems, and economies. As it reaches low- and middle-income countries, the pandemic puts healthcare workers at high risk and challenges the abilities of healthcare systems to respond to the crisis. This study measured levels of knowledge and preparedness regarding COVID-19 among physicians and nurses.

Aqueous Fraction from Relaxes Mesenteric Arteries of Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats through Calcium Current Reduction and Possibly Potassium Channels Modulation.

Background/objectives: L. ( (HS)) extract has a vascular relaxant effect on isolated rat thoracic aorta, but data on small resistance arteries, which play an important role on the development of hypertension, are still missing. The purposes of this study were (1) to assess the effect on isolated mesenteric arteries (MA) from normotensive (Wistar and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY)) and spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR); (2) to elucidate the mechanism(s) of action underling the relaxant effect in light of bioactive components.

The Routine Use of Cholangiography for Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in the Modern Era.

Background And Objectives: The use of routine versus selective intra-operative cholangiogram (IOC) for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) remains an area of debate. In this study, we investigated the routine use of IOC in a single center, to determine whether it confers a reduced risk of common bile duct (CBD) injury and improved patient outcomes. We also identified several preoperative predictive factors for CBD stone detection on IOC to investigate the feasibility of a predictive model.

Increase the elongation at break of poly (lactic acid) composites for use in food packaging films.

Poly (3-hydroxy butyrate) (PHB), cellulose nano crystal (CNC) and a plasticizer (TBC) are mixed together with PLLA with the aim to increase the elongation at break for use in the food packing sector. Spherical (CNC) and fibril nano crystal (CNF) were prepared by hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in distilled water, and then stirred using a magnetic stirrer for 15 days and ultrasonic treatment without using any acids as green method. The morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties were studied using POM, DSC, WAXD, SEM and tensile testing, respectively.

Effect of Social Deprivation on the Stage and Mode of Presentation of Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: Based in a hospital serving one of the most deprived areas in the United Kingdom (UK), we aimed to investigate, using the Indices of Deprivation 2010, the hypothesis that deprivation affects the stage and mode of presentation of colorectal cancer.

Methods: All newly diagnosed patients with colorectal cancer presenting to a District General Hospital in the UK between January 2010 and December 2014 were included. Data were collected from the Somerset National Cancer Database.