Sib-pair subgroup familial type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in the state of Qatar.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes mellitus (DM) in children. It can be sporadic in onset or cluster in families, which comprises parent-offspring and sib-pair subgroups. The risk of developing DM in first-degree relatives of affected individuals is 8-15 fold higher.

Growth, bone maturation and ovarian size in girls with early and fast puberty (EFP) and effects of three years treatment with GnRH analogue (GnRHa).

Introduction: Early puberty (EP) in girls is defined as the onset of thelarche that begins after 6 years and before 8 years and/or acceleration in the tempo of pubertal development. The stage of puberty and the ovarian volume at presentation and the effect of treatment with GnRH analogue (GnRHa) on final adult height are still debated.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed the data of 22 girls, who presented early and fast puberty (FEP).

Clinical and metabolic characteristics of children with hybrid diabetes mellitus (HD) compared to children with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): A preliminary comparative study.

Background: The term double diabetes or "Hybrid Diabetes (HD)" describes diabetes with combined features of type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Patients And Methods: We report the clinical and biochemical characteristics of 7 children with HD and the course of their disease including the response to treatment. The data were compared to 59 children with a diagnosis of T2DM.

Clinical features, epidemiology, autoantibody status, HLA haplotypes and genetic mechanisms of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children in Qatar.

To describe the clinical features, epidemiology, autoantibody status, HLA haplotypes and genetic mechanisms of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Patients (0-18 years) with diabetes were recruited. Clinical data was collected, autoantibodies and c-peptide were measured.

Impact of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) on growth outcomes and IGF-1 level in underweight older children and young adolescents (5-14 years) with short stature and no systemic disease: High versus normal calories density formula.

Objectives: This controlled trial investigated the effects of energy-dense pediatric oral nutritional supplements ONS versus standard ONS in pediatric patients requiring oral nutritional support for low body mass index (BMI) or weight gain per day (WGD) below the average for age and sex.  Patients and Methods: 34 children and adolescents (mean age 10.2 years) with faltering growth requiring ONS were randomized to cONS (n =22) or sONS (n = 12) for a year.

The Epidemiology and Genetic Analysis of Children With Idiopathic Type 1 Diabetes in the State of Qatar.

Context: Idiopathic type 1 diabetes is characterized by the absence of autoantibodies and the underlying mechanisms are not clear.

Objective: We aimed to study the epidemiology, describe the clinical characteristics, and report results of genetic studies in pediatric patients with idiopathic type 1 diabetes.

Methods: This was a prospective study of type 1 diabetes patients attending Sidra Medicine from 2018 to 2020.

The prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus in the state of Qatar.

Objectives: Children with antibody positive type 1 diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) are at an increased risk of developing celiac disease (CD) which suggests a common autoimmune basis with both high-risk human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA factors playing a role in the pathophysiology. We aim to describe the prevalence, immune profile, and clinical characteristics of children with CD who have type 1 diabetes mellitus in Qatar.

Methods: All children (aged 0-18 years) attending a regional diabetes clinic with antibody positive type 1 diabetes were screened for CD.

Growth response to growth hormone (GH) treatment in children with GH deficiency (GHD) and those with idiopathic short stature (ISS) based on their pretreatment insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGFI) levels and at diagnosis and IGFI increment on treatment.

Objectives: Some idiopathic short stature (ISS) patients may have varying degrees of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGFI) deficiency. Others with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) (peak GH < 7 ng/dL after provocation) have normal IGFI levels. Do children with ISS or those with GHD with variable pretreatment IGFI standard deviation score (IGFISDS) have different IGFI and growth responses to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy?

Methods: We studied the effect of GH therapy (0.

Long-term prednisone versus hydrocortisone treatment in children with classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) and a brief review of the literature.

Background: Debate still exist about the safety of long-term use of prednisone (PD) versus hydrocortisone (HC) for treating children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia -21OH D (CAH). Despite recent developments in congenital adrenal hyperplasia -21OH D (CAH), several issues related to patient growth and final height remain unsolved. Debate still exist about the safety of long-term use of PD versus HC for treating children with CAH.

Responses to growth hormone (GH) therapy in short children with normal GH secretion and no bone age delay: an analysis of potential factors affecting their response to rhGH therapy. A controlled study.

Background: Variability still exist about the growth response to growth hormone (GH) therapy in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS). We describe the growth response to rhGH therapy for >2 years in 20 prepubertal children with idiopathic short stature (ISS) and 18 children with GH deficiency (GHD) and compared them with 15 children with ISS who did not receive rhGH therapy.

Patients And Methods: Our study included 35 prepubertal and peripubertal (Tanner 1 and 2) children with short stature (Ht-SDS <-2) and/or Ht-SDS >1SD below their mid parental height SD (MP-Ht-SDS) with slow growth velocity (<-1 SD), with normal peak GH response to provocation tests (15.

Postnatal growth of Infants with neonatal diabetes: insulin pump (CSII) versus Multiple Daily Injection (MDI) therapy.

Background: Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) is characterized by the onset of hyperglycemia within the first six months of life. Their diabetes is associated with partial or complete insulin deficiency with variable degree of intrauterine growth retardation. Insulin therapy corrects the hyperglycemia and results in improvement of growth.

Diagnosis and management of growth disorders in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: Current procedures and key recommendations for best practice.

Diagnosis and management of growth disorders comprises an important area of pediatric practice. Current procedures in the different stages of the identification, referral, investigation, and treatment of growth disorders in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries have been summarized. Evidence-based procedures, relating specifically to height screening for identification of short stature, auxological criteria for patient referral from primary to secondary pediatric care, and general and endocrine investigations and diagnosis have been discussed and outlined.

Growth hormone therapy and treatment outcomes: current clinical practice of the Gulf Cooperation Council.

Over the last 20 years, recombinant human growth hormone (somatropin) has been the cornerstone of managing children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Although both international and national guidelines for growth hormone (GH) therapy exist, there is currently no consensus on the optimal use of GH therapy in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The goals of GH therapy are to normalize height during childhood, attain normal adult height and correct metabolic abnormalities related to GHD.

Does blood transfusion affect pituitary gonadal axis and sperm parameters in young males with sickle cell disease?

Objective: We evaluated the effect of packed red cell transfusion (PCTx) on serum concentrations of gonadotropins luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone (LH and FSH) and testosterone (T) levels and measured sperm parameters in young adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) on top-up transfusion (TTx) and those on exchange transfusion (ETx) regimen.

Materials And Methods: Basal serum concentrations of FSH, LH, and T and semen parameters were evaluated before and 7 days after PCTx in 18 young adults with transfusion-dependent SCD, aged 20.7 ± 2.

Detection of glycemic abnormalities in adolescents with beta thalassemia using continuous glucose monitoring and oral glucose tolerance in adolescents and young adults with β-thalassemia major: Pilot study.

Background: Both insulin deficiency and resistance are reported in patients with β-thalassemia major (BTM). The use of continuous blood glucose monitoring (CGM), among the different methods for early detection of glycemic abnormalities, has not been studied thoroughly in these adolescents.

Materials And Methods: To assess the oralglucose tolerance (OGT) and 72-h continuous glucose concentration by the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) and calculate homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was conducted in 16 adolescents with BTM who were receiving regular blood transfusions every 2-4 weeks and iron-chelation therapy since early childhood.

Linear growth in relation to the circulating concentration of insulin-like growth factor-I in young children with acyanotic congenital heart disease with left to right shunts before versus after surgical intervention.

Objectives: The aim was to determine the degree of linear growth retardation of patients with congenital acyanotic heart disease at presentation and the magnitude of catch-up growth, if any, in relation to their echocardiographic changes and insulin-like growth factor- I (IGF-I) concentration before versus after surgical intervention.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study recorded the anthropometric data and measured the circulating IGF-I, free thyroxin (FT4), and thyrotropin (TSH) of 27 infants and children with congenital acyanotic heart disease with left to right shunt (10 with VSD, 8 with ASD, 9 PDA) without heart failure, or severe pulmonary hypertension, before and 12 months or more after surgical or catheter intervention. Eighty normal age and sex- matched normal siblings of these patients were included as controls for the auxologic data.

Linear growth and neurodevelopmental outcome of children with congenital hypothyroidism detected by neonatal screening: A controlled study.

Introduction: Different growth and neuro-developmental outcomes have been associated with different doses of thyroxine given to infants with congenital hypothyroidism (CH).

Materials And Methods: We studied the longitudinal growth pattern and assessed the neurodevelopment of 45 children with CH(25 girls, 20 boys) diagnosed through the national screening program in Qatar, for 6 years or more to examine the effects of initial T4 dosage (50 μg/day) with adjustment of T4 dose to maintain serum free T4 concentrations within the upper quartile of normal range and thyroid stimulating hormone < 4 mIU/mLThe birth size of newborns with CH diagnosed through the screening program before January 2003, was recorded and their growth in weight and stature was monitored every 3 months for at least 6 years of life. The IQ of children was assessed between 3 and 6 years of age using The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-III).

Acute effects of blood transfusion on pituitary gonadal axis and sperm parameters in adolescents and young men with thalassemia major: a pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate semen parameters and measure serum FSH, LH, T, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 concentrations before and 7 days after packed red cell transfusion (PCTx) in young adults with thalassemia major (TM).

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Tertiary care hospital.

The effect of vitamin D therapy on hematological indices in children with vitamin D deficiency.

We investigated the effect of vitamin D on hematological indices, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in children with vitamin D deficiency before and after treatment. Vitamin D deficiency does not have a significant effect on red blood cell count and indices, total and differential white blood cell count, or on BP and HR. A mega-dose vitamin D therapy did not have a significant effect on all these parameters in children.

Linear growth and circulating insulin-like growth factor I in children with tufting enteropathy receiving long-term TPN.

We analyzed the growth of 12 children with tufting enteropathy for 2 years receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). At diagnosis, the length standard deviation score (SDS) (-2.15 ± 1.