Could the bulbar urethral end location on the cystourethrogram predict the outcome after posterior urethroplasty for pelvic fracture urethral injury?

Objectives: To identify cystourethrogram (CUG) findings that independently predict the outcome of posterior urethroplasty (PU) following pelvic fracture urethral injury (PFUI).

Methods: Findings of CUG included the location of the proximal end of the bulbar urethra in zones A (superficial) or B (deep) according to its relationship with the pubic arch. Others included the presence of pelvic arch fracture, bladder neck, and posterior urethral appearance.

Comparison of urinary telomerase, CD44, and NMP22 assays for detection of bladder squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is common in many regions around the world. Prognosis is very poor, as most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage due to a lack of affordable and valid screening markers for this type of cancer. The diagnostic accuracy of urinary nuclear matrix protein-22 (NMP22), telomerase activity, and CD44 were evaluated in urine samples of patients with bladder SCC.

Identification of Epigenetic Interactions between miRNA and Gene Expression as Potential Prognostic Markers in Bladder Cancer.

Purpose: To identify the role of a set of microRNAs and their target genes and protein expression levels in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer with a muscular invasion (T2−T4) and non-muscular invasion (T1). Methods: In 157 patients, bladder specimen was examined for the expression of a set of miRNAs including let-7a-5p, miRNA-449a-5p, miRNA-145-3P, miRNA-124-3P, miRNA-138-5p, and miRNA-23a-5p and their targeted genes; β-catenin, WNT7A, IRS2, FZD4, SOS1, HDAC1, HDAC2, HIF1α, and PTEN using the qRT-PCR technique. The prognostic effect of miRNAs and their targeted genes on cancer-specific survival (CSS) was evaluated in pT2−pT4 stages.

Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations.

Purpose: Varicocele is a common problem among infertile men. Varicocele repair (VR) is frequently performed to improve semen parameters and the chances of pregnancy. However, there is a lack of consensus about the diagnosis, indications for VR and its outcomes.

A randomized trial of adjuvant tamsulosin as a medical expulsive therapy for renal stones after shock wave lithotripsy.

Adjuvant medical expulsive therapy (MET) for shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is controversial. With limited use of the computed tomography (CT), the stone free rate (SFR) become overestimated. Herein we evaluate tamsulosin post-SWL for renal stone using the CT to assess SFR.

Prediction of recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: The role of androgen receptor and miRNA-2909.

Aim: The exact role of androgen receptor (AR) and miR-2909 in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains controversial. Our aim is to assess the relationship between NMIBC recurrences with AR expression and miRNA-2909.

Patients And Methods: This prospective controlled cohort study included 99 male patients with NMIBC (Ta-T1) who were treated by transurethral resection and 50 male patients as healthy control.

Mirabegron for treatment of erectile dysfunction concomitant with lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic obstruction: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of mirabegron in the treatment of erectile dysfunction concomitant with lower urinary tract symptoms in benign prostatic obstruction patients.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 55 sexually active lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic obstruction patients with concomitant erectile dysfunction were randomly allocated in two groups: the first received mirabegron 50 mg plus doxazosin 2 mg once daily (mirabegron group) and the second received tolterodine 4 mg plus doxazosin 2 mg (tolterodine group) for 12 weeks. The evaluation was based on the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire, Erection Hardness Score questionnaire, International Prostate Symptom Score, quality of life, uroflowmetry and post-voiding residual.

Effect of low-energy shock wave therapy on intravesical epirubicin delivery in a rat model of bladder cancer.

Objectives: To study the efficacy of low-energy shock wave therapy (LESW) on enhancing intravesical epirubicin (EPI) delivery in a rat model of bladder cancer (BCa).

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 female Fischer rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control; BCa; LESW; EPI; and EPI plus LESW. After BCa induction by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine, EPI (0.

The alternating bidirectional versus the standard approach during shock wave lithotripsy for upper lumbar ureteric stones: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare the outcome of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) for upper lumbar ureteric stones using the alternating bidirectional approach versus the standard approach during the first session.

Methods: Our study was a randomized controlled trial including patients with single radio-opaque stone < 1 cm located in the upper lumbar ureter (from the ureteropelvic junction till the level medial to the lower margin of the kidney). SWL was conducted using electromagnetic Dornier Gemini Lithotripter.

Long-term effectiveness and predictors of success of low-intensity shockwave therapy in phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors non-responders.

: To evaluate the long-term (18 months) effectiveness, safety, and factors that may predict the success of low-intensity shockwave lithotripsy (Li-SWT) in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) who fail to respond to oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i). : This prospective study included 52 patients with ED of vascular origin who failed to respond to oral PDE5i. The International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain (IIEF-EF) and Erection Hardness Score (EHS) questionnaires were used to evaluate EF.

Efficacy of pethidine, ketorolac, and lidocaine gel as analgesics for pain control in shockwave lithotripsy: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of xylocaine gel and ketorolac as opioid-sparing analgesia compared with pethidine for shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) pain.

Materials And Methods: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT) was performed in 132 patients with renal and upper ureteral stones amenable to treatment with SWL. The first patient group received intravenous (IV) pethidine and placebo gel; the second group received IV ketorolac plus placebo gel; the third group received lidocaine gel locally plus normal saline IV.

Optimal non-invasive treatment of 1-2.5 cm radiolucent renal stones: oral dissolution therapy, shock wave lithotripsy or combined treatment-a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of oral dissolution therapy (ODT), shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), and combined SWL and ODT for medium-sized radiolucent renal stone (RLS).

Methods: A randomized controlled trial for patients with medium-sized RLS, 1-2.5 cm, ≤ 500 Hounsfield unit (HU).

The value of immediate postoperative intravesical epirubicin instillation as an adjunct to standard adjuvant treatment in intermediate and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A preliminary results of randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: We aimed at this study to test the value of immediate postoperative intravesical epirubicin instillation in intermediate and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: After approval of Institutional Review Board, 260 patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups, including transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) alone in control group and TURBT plus immediate postoperative epirubicin (50 mg) in test group. Patients were monitored for postoperative complications.

Efficacy and safety of low-intensity shock wave therapy in penile rehabilitation post nerve-sparing radical cystoprostatectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate the role of low-intensity extra corporeal shock wave therapy (LI-ESWT) in penile rehabilitation (PR) post nerve-sparing radical cystoprostatectomy (NS-RCP).

Materials And Methods: This study included 152 sexually active men with muscle invasive bladder cancer. After bilateral NS-RCP with orthotopic diversion by a single expert surgeon between June 2014 and July 2016, 128 patients were available categorized into three groups: LI-ESWT group (42 patients), phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) group (43 patients), and control group (43 patients).

Erectile and ejaculatory functions changes following bipolar versus monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate: a prospective randomized study.

Objectives: To compare monopolar and bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (M-TURP and B-TURP, respectively) focusing on erectile and ejaculatory functions in a randomized trial.

Methods: Between January 2013 and December 2014, all consecutive TURP candidates with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were prospectively randomized 1:1 into M-TURP/B-TURP arms and followed up at 2, and 4 weeks, 6 and 12 months after surgery. All patients were assessed using IIEF-15 (International index of erectile function-15) and Ej-MSHQ (ejaculatory domain-male sexual-health inventory).

Prospective controlled assessment of men's sexual function changes following Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia.

Objectives: To assess how much Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is detrimental on men sexuality.

Methods: Between January and December 2013, all patients presented for BPH surgery were assessed using IIEF-15 (international index of erectile function-15) and Ej-MSHQ (ejaculatory domain-male sexual health questionnaire). Changes in men's sexuality following HoLEP in relation to control procedure were prospectively assessed.

Acute kidney injury after percutaneous nephrolithotomy for stones in solitary kidneys.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report the incidence, severity, outcome and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) in solitary kidneys.

Methods: The study included consecutive adult patients who underwent PNL for treatment of calculi in a solitary kidney between May 2012 and July 2015. Patients with congenital renal anomalies or with stages 4 and 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) were excluded.

Residual stones after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: comparison of intraoperative assessment and postoperative non-contrast computerized tomography.

Objectives: To compare the intraoperative surgeon perspective for detection of residual fragments (RFs) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) with postoperative NCCT.

Methods: A prospective study of adult patients who underwent PNL between March and September 2014 was conducted. Stone complexity was evaluated using the Guy's stone score (GSS).

Prospective Assessment of Learning Curve of Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate for Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Using a Multidimensional Approach.

Purpose: Despite being endorsed in most guidelines, wide adoption of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate is hindered by learning difficulties. We prospectively assessed the learning curve using a multidimensional approach.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively report all perioperative safety and efficacy outcome measures as well as the need for reoperation and continence status.

Is chronic alkali therapy in orthotopic ileal neobladders necessary? A prospective controlled study.

Purpose: To evaluate the necessity of chronic alkali therapy in non-complicated orthotopic ileal neobladders with normal renal function.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective study that included 200 male patients who underwent radical cystectomy and ileal W neobladder for invasive bladder carcinoma between January 1993 and December 2013. The studied patients included 100 consecutive patients who were maintained on regular alkali therapy since surgery and 100 consecutive patients who stopped the use of alkali treatment after initial 3 months postoperative with minimum postoperative observation time of 1 year.

Prostate tissue retrieval after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate; assessment of non-morcellation approaches.

Objectives: To review non-morcellation approaches for tissue retrieval after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and whether these approaches demolish the advantages of the HoLEP procedure.

Patients And Methods: We reviewed our prospectively maintained laser prostate database for HoLEP procedures where non-morcellation approaches were used for retrieval of the enucleated adenoma. Non-morcellation approaches were adopted in cases of morcellator malfunction or whenever concomitant pathology indicated laparotomy.

Does lithotripsy increase stone recurrence? A comparative study between extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy and non-fragmenting percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of stone fragmentation on late stone recurrence by comparing the outcome of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) and non-fragmenting percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and to investigate factors contributing to recurrent calculi.

Patients And Methods: We evaluated stone recurrence in 647 patients who initially achieved a stone-free status after ESWL and compared the outcomes to 137 stone-free patients treated with PCNL without stone fragmentation. Patients were evaluated every 3 months during the first year and every 6 months thereafter to censorship or time of first new stone formation.

Characterization of Standard Urine Properties in Noncomplicated Orthotopic Ileal Neobladders: A Prospective Controlled Study.

Objective: To characterize the standard physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics of urine in patients with noncomplicated orthotopic ileal neobladders.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective study that included 100 male patients who underwent radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder between 1993 and 2013. All included patients were in a good health and having satisfactory function of the reservoirs with normal upper tract with a minimum 1-year postoperative follow-up.