Enhancing environmental quality and economic growth through potential effects of energy efficiency and renewable energy in Asian economies.

This study examines the potential impacts of energy efficiency and renewable energy on economic growth proxies by gross domestic product and environmental quality proxies by carbon dioxide emissions across eight selected Asian countries from 2000 to 2020. This study contributes by calculating green total factor productivity and carbon total factor productivity based on the famous Solow's residual via employing a modified extensive growth accounting model that internalized ignored factors such as energy efficiency and renewable energy. The employed panel cointegration techniques confirm that all variables are co-integrated with carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth.

Intramedullary Osteosclerosis of the Tibia: A Rare Cause of Osteosclerosis to Keep an Eye On.

Intramedullary osteosclerosis (IMOS) is a rare process of intramedullary bone formation in one or more bones in the lower limb. It arises in adulthood, its etiology is unknown, and it is diagnosed by exclusion. We present a case of a 26-year-old female who presented with three-week history of right tibial pain provoked by prolonged standing.

Imperatorin Attenuates the Proliferation of MCF-7 Cells in Combination with Radiotherapy or Hyperthermia.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common types of malignancies in the world. Cancer resistance is an unavoidable consequence of therapy with radiation or other modalities. Ongoing research aims to improve cancer response to therapy.

Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Stem Cells Resistance to Radiotherapy.

Cancer is a chronic disorder that involves several elements of both the tumor and the host stromal cells. At present, the complex relationship between the various factors presents in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor cells, as well as immune cells located within the TME, is still poorly known. Within the TME, the crosstalk of these factors and immune cells essentially determines how a tumor reacts to the treatment and how the tumor can ultimately be destroyed, remain dormant, or develop and metastasize.

Regulation of Cell Death Mechanisms by Melatonin: Implications in Cancer Therapy.

Cancer therapy is based on the killing of cancer cells using various therapeutic agents, such as radiation, chemotherapy or targeted therapy drugs, and immunotherapy. Cancer cells may undergo apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, necrosis, autophagy, mitophagy, senescence, etc., depending on the therapeutic modality and nature of cancer cells.

Boosting immune system against cancer by resveratrol.

Modulation of the immune system is a critical part of anticancer therapies including immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The aim of immunomodulation in cancer therapy is boosting immune system cells including CD8+ T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, as well as suppression of immunosuppressive responses by macrophages and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Usually, using single or dual modality can induce immune system responses against cancer.

Radioprotective effect of a combination of melatonin and metformin on mice spermatogenesis: A histological study.

Background: The spermatogenesis system includes highly radiosensitive cells. Hence, this system is a potential target for toxic effects of ionizing radiation during radiotherapy of abdomen and pelvis cancers, as well as after accidental radiation events. Accordingly, metformin and melatonin are two important radioprotectors that have shown an ability to prevent cell death through neutralization of free radicals and stimulating DNA damage responses.

Suberosin Attenuates the Proliferation of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells in Combination with Radiotherapy or Hyperthermia.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the proliferation of MCF-7 following irradiation or hyperthermia as alone or pre-treatment with suberosin.

Background: Radiotherapy is a major therapeutic modality for the control of breast cancer. However, hyperthermia can be prescribed for relief of pain or enhancing cancer cell death.

Efficacy and toxicity of FLASH radiotherapy: A systematic review.

In recent times, research on the use of ultrahigh-dose rates delivered in super-fast times in cancer treatment has been garnering interest. This has brought about the term "FLASH" radiotherapy (RT). Thus, in the present study, we systematically review these recent studies on FLASH RT with regard to its efficacy and safety.

Urinary Retention and Severe Hyponatremia: An Unusual Presentation of COVID-19.

Unlabelled: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome virus coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A few published cases have linked COVID-19 and hyponatremia.

Resveratrol as an Enhancer of Apoptosis in Cancer: A Mechanistic Review.

The resistance to therapy of cancer cells is a challenge for achieving an appropriate therapeutic outcome. Cancer (stem) cells possess several mechanisms for increasing their survival following exposure to toxic agents such as chemotherapy drugs, radiation, as well as immunotherapy. Evidences show that apoptosis plays a key role in the response of cancer (stem) cells and their multi-drug resistance.

Curcumin Protects Against Radiotherapy-Induced Oxidative Injury to the Skin.

Objective: Side-effects to normal tissues reduce the therapeutic window of radiotherapy. During radiotherapy, the skin is inevitably exposed to doses of ionizing radiation, leading to varying degrees of skin damage. Natural antioxidants have been explored for their radioprotective potentials.

Radiation protection by Ex-RAD: a systematic review.

Protection of normal tissues against ionizing radiation-induced damages is a critical issue in clinical and environmental radiobiology. One of the ways of accomplishing radiation protection is through the use of radioprotectors. In the search for the most effective radioprotective agent, factors such as toxicity, effect on tumors, number of tissues protected, ease of administration, long-term stability, and compatibility with other drugs need to be assessed.

Resveratrol Induces Apoptosis and Attenuates Proliferation of MCF-7 Cells in Combination with Radiation and Hyperthermia.

Aim: In the current in vitro study, we tried to examine the possible role of resveratrol as a sensitizer in combination with radiotherapy or hyperthermia.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy for women and one of the most common worldwide. It has been suggested that using non-invasive radiotherapy alone cannot eliminate cancer cells.

Targeting of cellular redox metabolism for mitigation of radiation injury.

Accidental exposure to ionizing radiation is a serious concern to human life. Studies on the mitigation of side effects following exposure to accidental radiation events are ongoing. Recent studies have shown that radiation can activate several signaling pathways, leading to changes in the metabolism of free radicals including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO).

Targets for protection and mitigation of radiation injury.

Protection of normal tissues against toxic effects of ionizing radiation is a critical issue in clinical and environmental radiobiology. Investigations in recent decades have suggested potential targets that are involved in the protection against radiation-induced damages to normal tissues and can be proposed for mitigation of radiation injury. Emerging evidences have been shown to be in contrast to an old dogma in radiation biology; a major amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell toxicity occur during some hours to years after exposure to ionizing radiation.

Protective Effect of Metformin, Resveratrol and Alpha-lipoic Acid on Radiation- Induced Pneumonitis and Fibrosis: A Histopathological Study.

Background: Radiation-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis are the most common side effects of chest radiotherapy. They result from massive and chronic production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), inhibition of antioxidant enzymes as well as the release of several inflammatory mediators. In this study, we aimed to detect the radioprotective effects of metformin (as inhibitor of mitochondrial ROS), resveratrol (as stimulator of antioxidant defense enzymes) and alpha-lipoic acid (as direct antioxidant) for alleviating radiation-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis.

Resveratrol as an Adjuvant for Normal Tissues Protection and Tumor Sensitization.

Cancer is one of the most complicated diseases in present-day medical science. Yearly, several studies suggest various strategies for preventing carcinogenesis. Furthermore, experiments for the treatment of cancer with low side effects are ongoing.

Mitigation of Radiation-induced Gastrointestinal System Injury using Resveratrol or Alpha-lipoic Acid: A Pilot Histopathological Study.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to determine possible mitigation of radiationinduced toxicities in the duodenum, jejunum and colon using post-exposure treatment with resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid.

Background: After the bone marrow, gastrointestinal system toxicity is the second critical cause of death following whole-body exposure to radiation. Its side effects reduce the quality of life of patients who have undergone radiotherapy.

Boosting immune system against cancer by melatonin: A mechanistic viewpoint.

Cancer is a disease of high complexity. Resistance to therapy is a major challenge in cancer targeted therapies. Overcoming this resistance requires a deep knowledge of the cellular interactions within tumor.

The Radioprotective Effect of Combination of Melatonin and Metformin on Rat Duodenum Damage Induced by Ionizing Radiation: A Histological Study.

Background: Radiation toxicity is one of the major concerns for patients with gastrointestinal cancers that undergo radiotherapy. Duodenum is one of the most radiosensitive parts of gastrointestinal system that may be exposed to a high dose of radiation during radiotherapy for some cancers. The development or identification of appropriate radioprotectors with less toxicity is an interesting aim in radiobiology for clinical radiotherapy applications.

Targets for improving tumor response to radiotherapy.

Radiotherapy is one of the most common treatment modalities for controlling a wide range of tumors. However, it has been shown that radiotherapy alone is unable to completely eradicate some tumors and could be associated with a high possibility of tumor recurrence. To date, various experimental and clinical studies have been conducted to explore some efficient targets within tumor microenvironment (TME) to enhance tumor response to radiotherapy; thus help eliminate or eradicate tumors.

Protection from Radiation-induced Damage in Rat's Ileum and Colon by Combined Regimens of Melatonin and Metformin: A Histopathological Study.

Background: Radiation-induced enteritis and proctitis are common side effects of abdominopelvic cancers among patients that undergo radiotherapy for prostate, colorectal or urinary cancers. Exposure of these tissues to high doses of radiation leads to damage to villous, inflammation, pain, ulcer and bleeding, which may cause malabsorption and gastrointestinal disorders. To date, several procedures such as pharmaceutical treatment have been proposed for protection and mitigation of gastrointestinal toxicity following radiotherapy.

Histopathological and Functional Evaluation of Radiation-Induced Sciatic Nerve Damage: Melatonin as Radioprotector.

Radiotherapy uses ionizing radiation for cancer treatment. One of the side effects of radiotherapy is peripheral neuropathy. After irradiation, the first stage of neuropathy involves electrophysiological, biochemical and histopathological variations, while the fibrosis of soft tissues surrounding the exposed nerve occurs in the second stage.

Mitigation of Radiation-Induced Lung Pneumonitis and Fibrosis Using Metformin and Melatonin: A Histopathological Study.

Pneumonitis and fibrosis are the most common consequences of lung exposure to a high dose of ionizing radiation during an accidental radiological or nuclear event, and may lead to death, after some months to years. So far, some anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents have been used for mitigation of lung injury. In the present study, we aimed to detect possible mitigatory effects of melatonin and metformin on radiation-induced pneumonitis and lung fibrosis.