Are we closer to achieving precision medicine for migraine treatment? A narrative review.

Background: The term 'precision medicine' encompasses strategies to optimize diagnosis and outcome prediction and to tailor treatment for individual patients, in consideration of their unique characteristics. The greater availability of multifaceted datasets and strategies to model such data have made precision medicine increasingly possible in recent years. Precision medicine is especially needed in the migraine field since the response to migraine treatments is not universal amongst all individuals with migraine.

Public misconceptions and attitudes towards persons diagnosed with epilepsy in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Despite significant advancements in the understanding and treatment of epilepsy, the quality of life for persons diagnosed with Epilepsy (PdwE) can still be negatively impacted due to prevalent misconceptions and societal attitudes. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, misconceptions, and attitudes towards epilepsy in Bahrain.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 1079 participants aged ≥ 18 years living in Bahrain.

Sexual dysfunction in a sample of Egyptian patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a common, yet underdiagnosed problem in Parkinson Disease (PD) patients. It can negatively impact their quality of life (QoL) and clinical outcome. we tried to assess SD in a group of Egyptian PD patients.

Chitinase-3-like 1-protein in CSF: a novel biomarker for progression in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Chitinase -3-like 1-protein (CHI3L1) is a glycoside secreted by monocytes, microglia, and activated astrocytes. Its distribution in inflammatory lesions denotes its role in astrocytic response to modulate CNS inflammation. In multiple sclerosis (MS), CHI3L1 levels have been found to be influenced by disease severity, activity, and progression.

Pre- and in-hospital delays in the use of thrombolytic therapy for patients with acute ischemic stroke in rural and urban Egypt.

Background: Reducing pre- and in-hospital delays plays an important role in increasing the rate of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. In Egypt, the IVT rate has increased steadily but is still far away from an ideal rate.

Aim: The study aimed to investigate the factors associated with pre- and in-hospital delays of IVT among patients with acute ischemic stroke coming from urban and rural communities.

Multiple sclerosis patients' response to COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination in Egypt.

Background: On 11 March 2020, WHO declared COVID-19 has become a pandemic. This had an impact on everyday activity for every person. For special groups such as multiple sclerosis patients, the situation is a little bit confusing.

Transcranial direct current stimulation for spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis: Exploring novel routes.

Background: Patients with Multiple sclerosis (MS) usually suffer from severe neurological disabilities. Spasticity is one of the most bothering and disabling manifestations that MS patients suffer from. Owing to being a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder; finding new modalities to alleviate some of the disabilities related to MS became a desired objective.

Relative Frequency and Risk Factors of COVID-19 Related Headache in a Sample of Egyptian Population: A Hospital-Based Study.

Objectives: Headache is considered one of the most frequent neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This work aimed to identify the relative frequency of COVID-19-related headache and to clarify the impact of clinical, laboratory findings of COVID-19 infection on headache occurrence and its response to analgesics.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Characteristics of headache attributed to COVID-19 infection and predictors of its frequency and intensity: A cross sectional study.

Objective: To study the characteristics of headache attributed to COVID-19 infection and predictors of its severity.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 172 individuals who had headache due to COVID-19 infection. A detailed analysis of such headache was done through a face-to-face interview.

Serious rectal bleeding complicating suction rectal biopsy in a child.

Rectal suction biopsy is the first step in evaluating suspected Hirschsprung's disease before a full thickness rectal biopsy is planned. It has an excellent safety profile and generally good yield. However, there have been rare reports of serious complications with this procedure and at least one death, mostly in the neonatal period and under one year of age, at the time of diagnosis.

Prenatal exposure to methamphetamine presenting as neonatal cholestasis.

Introduction: Methamphetamine has been recognized as a common cause of acute toxic hepatitis in adults with clinical and histologic features indistinguishable from acute viral hepatitis. Clinical presentation of methamphetamine hepatotoxicity ranges from mild acute hepatitis with prompt recovery to fulminant hepatic failure. The pathophysiology of this hepatotoxicity is not well elucidated.

Life threatening rectal bleeding due to a giant solitary juvenile polyp in a child. A case report and review of the literature.

Juvenile polyps (JP) are a recognized cause of painless rectal bleeding in preschool age children. They are often solitary, pedunculated and small in size but may occasionally grow to large sizes or occur in great numbers, as in juvenile polyposis syndrome. A nine-year-old previously healthy Hispanic boy with prior history of recurrent abdominal pain and vomiting for 4 months presented with sudden onset of massive painless hematochezia and hemorrhagic shock.

Bougienage versus endoscopy for esophageal coin removal in children.

Background: Foreign body ingestion is a common pediatric problem. Coins are by far the most common ingested foreign bodies. When ingested coins become lodged in the esophagus, they may cause serious complications if they are not removed in a timely manner.

Severe methemoglobinemia complicating topical benzocaine use during endoscopy in a toddler: a case report and review of the literature.

Severe methemoglobinemia resulting from the use of topical benzocaine has been reported in adults as a rare complication. Here we report a case of severe acquired methemoglobinemia resulting from topical use of benzocaine spray during diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a 3-year-old boy with repeated episodes of hematemesis 3 weeks posttonsillectomy. He developed marked cyanosis and became increasingly agitated immediately after completion of his unremarkable endoscopic procedure, which was performed under intravenous sedation.

Helicobacter pylori and infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis: is there a possible relationship?

Background: Recently, it has been suggested that Helicobacter pylori might be a cause of some cases of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) in infancy on the basis of its epidemiologic and clinical features. We performed this study to evaluate the possible relationship between IHPS and H. pylori.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease and dental erosion in children.

Recurrent exposure to gastric acid as in children with bulimia and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may contribute to dental erosion. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the presence of GERD and dental erosions in children with primary and permanent dentition. Children undergoing elective endoscopy for possible GERD (n = 37) underwent evaluation of their teeth for the presence, severity, and pattern of erosion and stage of dentition: 24 patients had GERD.

Isolated superior mesenteric artery thrombosis: a rare cause for recurrent abdominal pain in a child.

A 4-year-old boy was evaluated for recurrent abdominal pain and failure to thrive over a 1-year period in a pediatric subspecialty clinic. Results of the extensive workup mostly were unremarkable. Eventually, imaging studies of the abdominal aorta revealed an isolated thrombosis of the superior mesenteric artery trunk and compensatory hypertrophy of the inferior mesenteric artery.