An Adaptive Topology Management Scheme to Maintain Network Connectivity in Wireless Sensor Networks.

The roots of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are tracked back to US military developments, and, currently, WSNs have paved their way into a vast domain of civil applications, especially environmental, critical infrastructure, habitat monitoring, etc. In the majority of these applications, WSNs have been deployed to monitor critical and inaccessible terrains; however, due to their unique and resource-constrained nature, WSNs face many design and deployment challenges in these difficult-to-access working environments, including connectivity maintenance, topology management, reliability, etc. However, for WSNs, topology management and connectivity still remain a major concern in WSNs that hampers their operations, with a direct impact on the overall application performance of WSNs.