Survival benefit of IABP in pre- versus post-primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with cardiogenic shock.

Background: Cardiogenic shock (CS) remains a major cause of in-hospital mortality in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, little evidence is available regarding the optimal order of intra-aortic balloon counter-pulsation (IABP) insertion and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). The aim of this study was to assess the hospital and short-term survival benefits of two different IABP insertion approaches, before versus after PPCI in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock.

Prospective single-center study on the reliability of ipsilateral cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy as a predictor for selective shunting during carotid endarterectomy.

Objective: Many techniques are available for the intraoperative assessment of brain perfusion during carotid endarterectomy, such as carotid stump pressure, near-infrared spectroscopy, somatosensory evoked potentials, transcranial Doppler, electroencephalography, and clinical assessment. The decision for selective carotid shunt insertion is dependent on clinical deterioration or the detection of cerebral hypoperfusion after cross-clamping of the internal carotid artery. Monitoring cerebral oximetry using near-infrared spectroscopy is a noninvasive technique for cerebral oxygen saturation measurement, reflecting changes in cerebral blood flow during carotid endarterectomy.

Biochemical compositions and histopathology of the young and aged nymphs of the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria Forsskål (Orthoptera: Acrididae) affected by Photorhabdus luminescens (Enterobacterales: Morganellaceae).

Locusts occasionally represent a danger in Africa despite intensive management measures, leading to severe yield loss and a commensurate loss of food and money. The laboratory assessment of the toxicity of the Photorhabdus luminescens bacteria and its cell-free filtrate used Schistocerca gregaria nymphs in the second and fifth nymphs as test insects. Greater mortality was seen in locust nymphs of the second and fifth instars due to the high levels of toxicity produced by the bacterial suspension and its cell-free filtrate.

Clinical profiles and outcomes of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in young adults in a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical profiles and outcomes of young adults presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, registry between January 2016 and November 2017 for all patients younger than 45 years old who were admitted with STEMI. We compared this study population to a control group of patients aged 45 years and older who were enrolled in the same period.

Endovascular treatment for spontaneous supraceliac isolated abdominal aortic dissection is a fabulous option. (Case report).

Aortic dissection originates from isolated tear in the abdominal aorta is rare but potentially life or limb-threatening condition particularly if misdiagnosed. It may have a number of clinical presentations with potentially serious adverse effects and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient with an acute onset of abdominal pain radiating to the back and the buttocks together with presence or absence of a pulsatile abdominal mass, signs of limb ischemia, or discernible risk factors. Surgical and endovascular treatments are two valid options for these cases according to their clinical and anatomical considerations with acceptable results.

Uncomplicated falciparum malaria among schoolchildren in Bajil district of Hodeidah governorate, west of Yemen: association with anaemia and underweight.

Background: Malaria, malnutrition and anaemia are major public health problems in Yemen, with Hodeidah being the most malaria-afflicted governorate. To address the lack of relevant studies, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum and its relation to nutritional status and haematological indices among schoolchildren in Bajil district of Hodeidah governorate, west of Yemen.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 schoolchildren selected randomly from four schools in Bajil district.

Intestinal parasitoses and schistosome infections among students with special reference to praziquantel efficacy in patients with schistosomosis in Hajjah governorate, Yemen.

The majority of the population in Yemen lives in rural areas and suffers from parasitic infections. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitoses and schistosome infections among the students enrolled in the primary schools in Hajjah governorate – north of Yemen, along with an assessment of praziquantel (PZQ) in the treatment of microscopy-confirmed cases of Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium. For this purpose, 780 samples (320 stool and 460 urine) were examined microscopically.

Left ventricular dyssynchrony assessment using tissue synchronization imaging in acute myocardial infarction.

Objectives: To assess left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Background: Mechanical synchronization disorder leads to a decrease in LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and stroke volume, an abnormal distribution of wall tension, and increase in workload during cardiac contraction.

Methods: We enrolled 56 participants, 36 with acute STEMI and 20 healthy controls.

Effects of Ramadan fasting on the symptoms of chronic heart failure.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting on the symptoms of chronic heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Globally, more than one billion Muslims fast during Ramadan. Data regarding the effect of fasting in heart failure patients with a reduced ejection fraction are limited.

Onchocerca volvulus infection in Tihama region - west of Yemen: Continuing transmission in ivermectin-targeted endemic foci and unveiled endemicity in districts with previously unknown status.

Background: Onchocerciasis in Yemen is one of the most neglected diseases, where baseline estimates of onchocerciasis and monitoring of the impact of ivermectin regularly administered to the affected individuals on its transmission are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the anti-Ov16 IgG4 seroprevalence among local communities of Hodeidah and Al-Mahwit governorates of Tihama region. The factors possibly associated with previous exposure to infection were also studied.

Clinical evaluation of circulating miR-548a-3p and -20a expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma patients.

Aim: miRNAs may act as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of mesothelioma. This study integrates serum  miR-548a-3p and miR-20a expression based on in silico data analysis followed by clinical validation in malignant mesothelioma patients (malignant pleural mesothelioma [MPM]).

Patients & Methods: Serum miR-548a-3p and  miR-20a level was assessed in the serum of patients with MPM, chronic asbestos exposure and healthy volunteers by quantitative real-time PCR.

Evaluation of rapid PfHRP-2/pLDH-based tests in diagnosing microscopy-confirmed falciparum malaria in Hodeidah governorate, Yemen.

Along with the determination of malaria infection rate among suspected patients attending hospitals in Hodeidah governorate, the present study evaluated the accuracy of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein-2 (PfHRP-2)/parasite-specific lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH)-based rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for the diagnosis of microscopy-confirmed falciparum malaria. An overall malaria infection rate of 19.3% (57/295) among suspected patients attending hospitals was microscopically confirmed.

Clinical significance of miRNA-autophagy transcript expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: This study integrates autophagy transcripts miRNAs expression based on bioinformatic analysis followed by clinical validation.

Methodology: Cellular jun proto-oncogene mRNA, LAMP2 mRNA, miR-16 and miR-146a level were investigated in the serum and tissue of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), chronic hepatitis C and healthy volunteers by quantitative real-time PCR. The prognostic power of this serum RNA panel was explored.

Evaluation of urinary autophagy transcripts expression in diabetic kidney disease.

Background: We identified and validated novel urinary autophagy markers in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) based on bioinformatics analysis and clinical validation.

Patients & Methods: We retrieved three novel autophagy genes related to DKD from public microarray databases, namely; microtubule-associated protein light chain (MAP1LC3A), WD Repeat Domain, Phosphoinositide Interacting 2 (WIPI2), and RB1-Inducible Coiled-Coil 1 (RB1CC1). Secondly we assessed the expression of the chosen autophagy transcript in urine sediment of 86 patients with DKD and 74 (age and sex matched) controls by reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR.

Exploring the role of molecular biomarkers as a potential weapon against gastric cancer: A review of the literature.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a global health problem and a major cause of cancer-related death with high recurrence rates ranging from 25% to 40% for GC patients staging II-IV. Unfortunately, while the majority of GC patients usually present with advanced tumor stage; there is still limited evidence-based therapeutic options. Current approach to GC management consists mainly of; endoscopy followed by, gastrectomy and chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy.

Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Yemen: Factors associated with high seroprevalence.

Introduction: Although toxoplasmosis is an important public health problem, there is scarcity of data on the disease available from Yemen. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in health facilities to determine seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Sana'a, the capital city of Yemen.

Methodology: A total of 593 pregnant women were included and examined for anti-T.

Association of long noncoding RNA and c-JUN expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) have emerged as key elements in modulating gene expression in different biological contexts.

Patients And Methods: We used quantitative real-time PCR (Qpcr) to evaluate the expression of lncRNA-UCA1 and C-JUN in serum of 70 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 32 patients chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 38 healthy subjects and their correlation with different clinicopathological factors.

Results: The expression of lncRNA-UCA1 and C-JUN was positive in 91.

Evaluation of Circulatory RNA-Based Biomarker Panel in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: The circulating transcriptome (coding and non-coding) plays a critical role in cancer. Novel accurate strategies for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are strongly needed.

Patients And Methods: We chose an HCC-specific RNA-based biomarker panel based on the integration of differential lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) gene expression with its selected epigenetic regulators using bioinformatic methods.

Entomological aspects and the role of human behaviour in malaria transmission in a highland region of the Republic of Yemen.

Background: The Republic of Yemen has the highest incidence of malaria in the Arabian Peninsula, yet little is known of its vectors or transmission dynamics.

Methods: A 24-month study of the vectors and related epidemiological aspects of malaria transmission was conducted in two villages in the Taiz region in 2004-2005.

Results: Cross-sectional blood film surveys recorded an overall malaria infection rate of 15.

Measuring resistant-genotype transmission of malaria parasites: challenges and prospects.

Increased gametocytemia in infections with resistant strains of Plasmodium species and their enhanced transmissibility are a matter of concern in planning and evaluating the impact of malaria control strategies. Various studies have determined weekly gametocyte carriage in response to antimalarial drugs in clinical trials. The advent of molecular biology techniques makes it easy to detect and quantify gametocytes, the stages responsible for transmission, and to detect resistant genotypes of the parasite.

Cases of hydatidosis in patients referred to Governmental hospitals for cyst removal in Sana'a City, Republic of Yemen.

Hydatidosis is a parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus. This disease is endemic in many countries including Yemen. The present review article aims to have a glimpse at the present status of hydatidosis in Yemen.

High frequency of Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance marker (pfcrt T76 mutation) in Yemen: an urgent need to re-examine malaria drug policy.

Background: Malaria remains a significant health problem in Yemen with Plasmodium falciparum being the predominant species which is responsible for 90% of the malaria cases. Despite serious concerns regarding increasing drug resistance, chloroquine is still used for the prevention and treatment of malaria in Yemen. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of choloroquine resistance (CQR) of P.

Molecular characterization of Leishmania species isolated from cutaneous leishmaniasis in Yemen.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease endemic in the tropics and subtropics with a global yearly incidence of 1.5 million. Although CL is the most common form of leishmaniasis, which is responsible for 60% of DALYs lost due to tropical-cluster diseases prevalent in Yemen, available information is very limited.

HLA class II alleles: susceptibility or resistance to cystic echinococcosis in Yemeni patients.

This is the first study dealing with the association between HLA alleles and cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Yemeni patients. The present study aimed to detect the association of HLA-DRB(1) alleles and susceptibility or resistance to CE in Yemeni patients by HLA-DRB(1) typing; first by HLA-DRB(1) amplification using PCR then using the allele-specific probing technique based on the reverse hybridization principle. This case-control study was carried out on 66 unrelated patients with confirmed CE and 66 apparently healthy individuals.