Association of cerebrospinal fluid parameters with treatment and complications among children with cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections: a multicenter study.

Objective: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil percentage, protein concentration, and glucose level are typically measured at diagnosis and serially during the treatment of CSF shunt infections. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the longitudinal profile of CSF parameters in children with CSF shunt infections and assess their association with treatment and outcome.

Methods: Participants were children treated at 11 tertiary pediatric hospitals in Canada and the United States for CSF shunt infection, from July 1, 2013, through June 30, 2019, with hardware removal, external ventricular drain placement, intravenous antibiotics, and subsequent permanent shunt reinsertion.

Duration of Antibiotic Therapy and Timing of Shunt Reimplantation in Pediatric CSF Shunt Infections: A Retrospective Multicenter Case Series.

In this retrospective multicenter series of 154 children with cerebrospinal fluid shunt infections, the median (interquartile range) duration of antibiotic therapy was 18 (14-26) days. The time to shunt replacement was 14 (10-19) days. Management appeared to potentially differ according to the targeted pathogen and site.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Infections: A Multicenter Pediatric Study.

Background: Infections complicate 5%-10% of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts. We aimed to describe the characteristics and contemporary pathogens of shunt infections in children in Canada and the United States.

Methods: Descriptive case series at tertiary care hospitals in Canada (N = 8) and the United States (N = 3) of children up to 18 years of age with CSF shunt infections from July 1, 2013, through June 30, 2019.

Bronchiolitis Management and Unnecessary Antibiotic Use Across 3 Canadian PICUs.

Objectives: To describe the patient characteristics, clinical management, and infectious etiology in critically ill children with bronchiolitis. The secondary objective was to determine the association between antibiotic use and hospital length of stay among patients without concomitant bacterial infections.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study including patients ≤2 years old with bronchiolitis admitted to 3 Canadian pediatric intensive care units between 2016 and 2018.

Antimicrobial Stewardship in Bronchiolitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Three PICUs in Canada.

Objectives: To determine the association between the implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship program at a local PICU and to determine the association between the presence of an antimicrobial stewardship programs and antimicrobial use across three Canadian PICUs, among critically ill children with bronchiolitis.

Design: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Three Canadian PICUs over two winter seasons.

Thyroid transcription factor-1 expression in advanced non- small cell lung cancer: impact on survival outcome.

Background: The prognostic role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) expression in lung cancer has been assessed but with inconsistent results. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of TTF1 expression in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with stage IIIB-IV non-squamous NSCLC were enrolled.

Cigarette smoking among female students in five medical and nonmedical colleges.

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of smoking, knowledge about the ill effects of smoking on health, and the influence of family members' smoking habits among Saudi female students.

Methods: This is a type of cross-sectional study. A sample of 1,070 female students was selected by a nonrandom and convenient sampling method from five colleges (Medicine, Business and Administration, Computer Sciences, Education, and Languages and Translation) of King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.