Ingestion of marine debris in juvenile sea turtles in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Marine plastics and other debris constitute a major threat to many marine species. Over 12 million tons of plastics are estimated to reach the oceans annually, causing adverse effects on hundreds of marine species. The Arabian Gulf is a small, sub-tropical and semi-enclosed gulf with extreme environmental conditions with high potential to accumulate marine debris.

The influence of internally architected voids in the creation of high-strength, low-weight 3D-printed cobalt-chromium prototypes.

Background: The additive manufacturing technology made the topology optimization technique feasible. This technique can indefinitely reduce the weight of the printed items with a promising increase in the mechanical properties of that item.

Materials And Methods: In the current experimental study, 50 samples were fabricated for a 3-point bending test.

The role of internal architecture in producing high-strength 3D printed cobalt-chromium objects.

Purpose: The objectives of the current study were to estimate the influence of self-reinforced hollow structures with a graded density on the dimensional accuracy, weight, and mechanical properties of Co-Cr objects printed with the direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technique.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-five dog-bone samples were manufactured to evaluate the dimensional accuracy of printing, weight, and tensile properties of DMLS printed Co-Cr. They were divided into Group 1 (control) (n = 5), Group 2, 3, and 4 with incorporated hollow structures based on (spherical, elliptical, and diamond) shapes; they were subdivided into subgroups (n = 5) according to the volumetric reduction (10%, 15%, 20% and 25%).

Recent Advances in Photothermal Therapies Against Cancer and the Role of Membrane Transporter Modulators on the Efficacy of This Approach.

Recently, much research is focused on the use of photothermal therapy (PTT) as an advanced method to treat various types of cancer. The PTT approach primarily utilizes nanoparticles (NPs) made from metals, carbon, or semiconductors that can convert near-infrared laser irradiation, which penetrates tissues, into local heat that induces cancer cell death. An alternative approach is to utilize NPs (such as liposomes) to carry suitable dye molecules to the same end.

Occurrence of aflatoxins in nuts and peanut butter imported to UAE.

Nuts are an important food group that contributes to maintaining health; however, they can be a source of exposure to aflatoxins. This study was conducted from 2017 to 2021 to assess the incidence of aflatoxins in nuts and nut products imported to the UAE from 57 countries. Associations between container type and processing technique and aflatoxin levels were also analyzed.

Quality of Honey Imported into the United Arab Emirates.

This study was performed to assess the physicochemical quality characteristics of honey imported by the United Arab Emirates (UAE) via Dubai ports between 2017 and 2021. There were 1330 samples analyzed for sugar components, moisture, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content, free acidity, and diastase number. Of the honey tested, 1054 samples complied with the Emirates honey standard, but 276 (20.

Pesticide residues in fresh fruits imported into the United Arab Emirates.

Pesticides are a major public health issue connected with excessive use because they negatively impact health and the environment. Pesticide toxicity has been connected to various human illnesses by means of pesticide exposure in direct or indirect ways. A total of 4513 samples of imported fresh fruits were collected from Dubai ports between 2018 to 2020.

Clinical and Radiological Findings in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome Type 2: Case report.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome (MRKHS) or Müllerian agenesis represents uterovaginal aplasia or hypoplasia of unknown aetiology in young women with usual 46,XX karyotype and normal secondary sexual characteristics. We report a 15-year-old female patient who presented to a specialised diabetes endocrine and metabolism centre in Basrah, Iraq, in 2019 with primary amenorrhoea and normal pubertal secondary sexual characteristics, hormonal workup and clinical examination. Abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cervical and uterine agenesis with the absence of the proximal thirds of the vagina.

Analysis of the beak and feather disease viral genome indicates evidence of multiple introduction events into Saudi Arabia.

Psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD), caused by beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) is a highly contagious disease in wild and captive psittacine populations and has an almost global presence. However, the BFDV infection in Saudi Arabia remains largely unknown. In the present study, we report the full genome sequence of BFDV strains from Saudi Arabia and its genetic diversity.

The Coronaviruses of Animals and Birds: Their Zoonosis, Vaccines, and Models for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV2.

The viruses of the family are ubiquitous in nature due to their existence in a wide spectrum of mammals and avian species. The coronaviruses, as RNA viruses, exist as quasispecies because of their high rate of mutations. This review elaborates on the pathogenesis and the developed vaccines of most of the ubiquitous coronavirus' diseases, mainly bovine, dromedary camel, porcine, feline, canine, and avian coronaviruses.

Does Seasonality, Tidal Cycle, and Plumage Color Influence Feeding Behavior and Efficiency of Western Reef Heron ()?

Polymorphic traits may evolve in many species of birds, often driven by multiple environmental factors. It is hypothesized that polymorphic traits in herons could be influenced by feeding behavior. Most of the Western Reef Herons (Egretta egularis) (more than 70%) are of the dark morph in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Nonionic surfactants modulate the transport activity of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and solute carriers (SLC): Relevance to oral drug absorption.

Recently, it has become evident that pharmaceutical excipients may interfere with the activity of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and solute carriers (SLC). The present review aims to provide an overview of surfactants shown to modulate substrate transport via SLCs and ABCs, and to discuss the relevance for oral drug absorption. In vitro, more than hundred surfactants have been suggested to decrease the efflux activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1), and many of these surfactants also inhibit the breast cancer resistance protein (BCPR, ABCG2), while conflicting results have been reported for multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2, ABCC2).

Nonionic surfactants increase digoxin absorption in Caco-2 and MDCKII MDR1 cells: Impact on P-glycoprotein inhibition, barrier function, and repeated cellular exposure.

Nonionic surfactants commonly used in pharmaceutical formulations may have P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibiting and/or permeation enhancing effects. The present work aims to distinguish these effects and assess the degree of cellular recovery after multiple exposures to nonionic surfactants. The investigated surfactants were polysorbates (PS): PS20, PS40, PS60, PS65, PS80 and PS85; monosaccharide-based: lauroyl methyl glucamide and n-nonyl-β-D-glucopyranoside; or disaccharide-based: lauryl-β-D-maltoside and trehalose 6-laurate.

Polysorbate 20 alters the oral bioavailability of etoposide in wild type and mdr1a deficient Sprague-Dawley rats.

The aim of the present work was to investigate the ability of nonionic surfactants to increase the oral absorption of the P-glycoprotein substrate etoposide in vitro and in vivo. Intestinal absorption was investigated by studying bidirectional permeability of etoposide across filter-grown Caco-2 and MDCKII MDR1 cell monolayers. The oral absorption of etoposide was investigated in wild type (WT) and mdr1a deficient (KO) Sprague-Dawley rats.

Molecular characterization of fowl aviadenoviruses species D and E associated with inclusion body hepatitis in chickens and falcons indicates possible cross-species transmission.

During the period from 2015 to 2017, frequent outbreaks of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) were observed in broiler chickens and falcons in Saudi Arabia. Fifty samples were collected from both species. The histopathological examination and polymerase chain reaction confirmed the IBH infection in eight samples (five samples from chickens and three samples from falcons).

Leisure time physical activity in Saudi Arabia: prevalence, pattern and determining factors.

Background: Identification of reliable predictors of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) will enable healthcare providers to intervene and change the patterns of LTPA in the population to improve community health.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine prevalence and pattern of LTPA among adult Saudis aged 18-65 years, and to define the socio-demographic determinants that correlate with LTPA in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia.

Subjects And Methods: A cross-sectional study of 2176 adult Saudis attending urban and rural primary health care centers were selected using a multistage proportionate sampling method.