Acquired Dyschromatopsia and Its Link to Drug Toxicity.

Colour vision defects (CVDs) can be both congenital and acquired, with acquired dyschromatopsia often associated with medication toxicity. This review explores various standardised colour vision tests used to detect these defects, including the Ishihara plate test, Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test, and anomaloscopes. These methods are evaluated for their effectiveness in diagnosing CVDs, particularly in acquired conditions.

Epigenetics and Asthma: A Systematic Review.

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by the narrowing of the airways, causing difficulty in breathing. Its heritability has long been an area of research, and the study of genetics alone has not been sufficient in the explanation of both its heritability and susceptibility. The study of epigenetics, which is defined as "the study of heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence," can be used to explain the heritability and susceptibility of asthma.

Eliminating Trachoma in Africa: The Importance of Environmental Interventions.

Subsequent to the failure of the World Health Organisation (WHO) of achieving their target to eliminate trachoma by the year 2020, the most effective strategy in eliminating trachoma must be re-examined to accomplish the new target of eradication by the year 2030. Whilst antibiotic therapy is a core foundation of this elimination strategy, another important factor is the state of the environmental conditions in trachoma endemic countries. This manuscript aimed to identify the impact of environmental improvement strategies on the prevalence of trachoma and the significance of environmental improvement alongside the use of antibiotic treatment to achieve trachoma elimination.

Advances in the Treatment of Keratoconus: Epithelial-On (EPI-On) Corneal-Collagen Cross-Linking (CXL) and CXL-Plus Procedures.

Keratoconus (KC) incidence is on the increase. The advent of corneal-collagen cross-linking (CXL) has revolutionized the management of KC. This systematic review looks at the efficacy and complications of two novel treatments within CXL: Epithelial-On (Epi-On) and CXL-plus procedures.

The Identification and Referral to Improve Safety Programme and the Prevention of Intimate Partner Violence.

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a global epidemic which 30% of women experience world-wide. Domestic violence has serious health consequences, with an estimated cost of 1.7 billion annually to the NHS.