Impact of soil legacy on plant-soil feedback in grasses and legumes through beneficial and pathogenic microbiota accumulation.

Plants shape their surrounding soil, influencing subsequent plant growth in a phenomenon known as plant-soil feedback (PSF). This feedback is driven by chemical and microbial legacies. Here, we cultivated six crops from two functional groups, i.

Influence of sowing dates and weed management practices on weed dynamics, productivity and profitability of direct seeded rice.

This study evaluated the impact of differential sowing windows and improved weed management strategies on weed dynamics, productivity, and economic viability of direct drum seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the temperate agro-ecosystem of Kashmir. A two-year field experiment was conducted utilizing a split-plot design with two sowing dates (May 10 and June 3) as main plots and six weed management practices as sub-plots.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activity of Essential Oils in the Above-Ground Parts of L.

L. is a leafy vegetable that is usually consumed in the area of the Mediterranean and is a frequently used traditional herb to treat a variety of ailments. Previous studies deduced the potent antioxidant and cytotoxic functions of the different extracts and isolated compounds from .

Development of an efficient, effective, and economical technology for proteome analysis.

We present an efficient, effective, and economical approach, named E3technology, for proteomics sample preparation. By immobilizing silica microparticles into the polytetrafluoroethylene matrix, we develop a robust membrane medium, which could serve as a reliable platform to generate proteomics-friendly samples in a rapid and low-cost fashion. We benchmark its performance using different formats and demonstrate them with a variety of sample types of varied complexity, quantity, and volume.

Long-Term Application of Biochar Mitigates Negative Plant-Soil Feedback by Shaping Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Fungal Pathogens.

Negative plant-soil feedback (PSF) arises when localized accumulations of pathogens reduce the growth of conspecifics, whereas positive PSF can occur due to the emergence of mutualists. Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced by the pyrolysis of organic matter, has been shown to modulate soil microbial communities by altering their abundance, diversity, and activity. For this reason, to assess the long-term impact of biochar on soil microbiome dynamics and subsequent plant performance, we conducted a PSF greenhouse experiment using field soil conditioned over 10 years with (L.

Scalable One-Pot Fabrication of Carbon-Nanofiber-Supported Noble-Metal-Free Nanocrystals for Synergetic-Dependent Green Hydrogen Production: Unraveling Electrolyte and Support Effects.

Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) are envisaged as the most promising sustainable approach for green hydrogen production. However, the considerably high cost often associated with such reactions, particularly upon scale-up, poses a daunting challenge. Herein, a facile, effective, and environmentally benign one-pot scalable approach is developed to fabricate MnM (M═Co, Cu, Ni, and Fe) nanocrystals supported over in situ formed carbon nanofibers (MnM/C) as efficient noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for HER.

Profiling Key Aroma Compounds of Senecio glaucus L. and their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities: Multiplex of GC-MS, NMR and In Silico Studies.

The essential oils of Senecio plants have been used to treat a wide range of ailments. The current study aimed to extract the essential oil of Senecio glaucus obtained from Egypt's Nile delta and determine its chemical profile using GC-MS and NMR analysis. Then, the antimicrobial activity of the oil has been investigated against different fungal and bacterial strains.

Ectopic Expression of a Wheat R2R3-Type MYB Gene in Transgenic Tobacco Enhances Osmotic Stress Tolerance via Maintaining ROS Balance and Improving Root System Architecture.

Water scarcity is a critical cause of plant yield loss and decreased quality. Manipulation of root system architecture to minimize the impact of water scarcity stresses may greatly contribute towards an improved distribution of roots in the soil and enhanced water and nutrient uptake abilities. In this study, we explored the potential of gene, a wheat gene belonging to the R2R3-MYB transcription factor family, to improve root system architecture in transgenic tobacco plants.

Comorbidity of depression and type 2 diabetes in Egypt results from the International Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes and Depression (INTERPRET-DD) study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus and depression are serious common diseases, and the number of people with both conditions is rising steadily. Depression in people with diabetes mellitus results in poorer prognosis through different mechanisms. On the other hand, the presence of diabetes in individuals with depression increases functional impairment that is associated with depression.

Enhancement of Female Rat Fertility via Ethanolic Extract from L. (Black Cumin) Seeds Assessed via HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and Molecular Docking.

The characteristic chemical composition of seeds is directly linked to their beneficial properties. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of seeds using a 100% ethanolic extract using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Additionally, it explored the potential biological effects of the extract on female rat reproduction.

Synthesis of 1,3,5-Triazepines and Benzo[][1,3,5]triazepines and Their Biological Activity: Recent Advances and New Approaches.

This review article discusses the recent progress in synthesizing seven-membered ring 1,3,5-triazepine and benzo[][1,3,5]triazepine derivatives. These derivatives can be either unsaturated, saturated, fused, or separated. This review covers strategies and procedures developed over the past two decades, including cyclo-condensation, cyclization, methylation, chlorination, alkylation, addition, cross-coupling, ring expansions, and ring-closing metathesis.

RNA Landscapes of Brain and Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Central Nervous System Pathology.

Background: Brain tissue-derived extracellular vesicles (bdEVs) act locally in the central nervous system (CNS) and may indicate molecular mechanisms in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) CNS pathology. Using brain homogenate (BH) and bdEVs from a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) model of HIV disease, we identified RNA networks in SIV infection and neuroinflammation.

Methods: Postmortem occipital cortex samples were obtained from uninfected controls and SIV-infected subjects (acute and chronic phases with or without CNS pathology [SIV encephalitis]).

Comparative outcomes among inlay grafted incised plate, onlay preputial flap and tubularized incised plate urethroplasty for the repair of distal penile hypospadias with a narrow urethral plate.

Purpose: We conducted this study, comparing the outcomes among Transverse Onlay Island Flap, inlay grafted incised plate and our previous records of tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) in patients with narrow urethral plates, aiming to determine which method of repair provides a good outcome.

Methods: This hybrid study included two datasets. The first from a prospective randomized study evaluating outcomes of two treatment modalities; Inlay graft and only flap for distal hypospadias with shallow urethral plate with 80 patients (40 patients in each group) included, the second based on our previous records of TIPU in 40 patients with distal primary hypospadias with narrow urethral plate.

Association between breakthrough infection with COVID-19 and Toxoplasma gondii: a cross-sectional study.

The breakthrough infection following COVID-19 vaccination has been a subject of concern recently. Evidence suggests that COVID-19 vaccine efficacy diminishes over time due to multiple factors related to the host, and vaccine. Coinfection with other pathogens was claimed earlier as a contributing cause for this phenomenon.

Antimicrobial peptides modulate lung injury by altering the intestinal microbiota.

Background: Mammalian mucosal barriers secrete antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as critical, host-derived regulators of the microbiota. However, mechanisms that support microbiota homeostasis in response to inflammatory stimuli, such as supraphysiologic oxygen, remain unclear.

Results: We show that supraphysiologic oxygen exposure to neonatal mice, or direct exposure of intestinal organoids to supraphysiologic oxygen, suppresses the intestinal expression of AMPs and alters intestinal microbiota composition.

Interfacial Engineering of Porous Pd/M (M = Au, Cu, Mn) Sponge-like Nanocrystals with a Clean Surface for Enhanced Alkaline Electrochemical Oxidation of Ethanol.

The interfacial engineering of Pd-based alloys (i.e., PdM with distinct morphologies, compositions, and strain defects) is an efficient way for enhanced catalytic activity; however, it remains a grand challenge to fabricate such alloys in aqueous solutions without heating, organic solvents, and multiple reaction steps.

Integrating traditional ecological knowledge into habitat restoration: implications for meeting forest restoration challenges.

Background: Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) helps tribal communities adapt to socio-ecological changes, improving the long-term sustainability of their livelihood strategies and fostering social-ecological resilience. TEK provides thorough understanding of ecosystem dynamics, as well as how they relate to societal norms, practices, and resource use patterns. The integrity of TEK is often in jeopardy due to changes in belief systems, regional languages, traditional ways of subsistence, and disruption of traditional social-ecological systems.

Novel circular RNAs of the apoptosis-related BAX and BCL2L12 genes identified in a chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell line using nanopore sequencing.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel RNA type generated by back-splicing, are key regulators of gene expression, with deregulated expression and established involvement in leukemia. The products of BCL2 and its homologs, including BAX and BCL2L12, are implicated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, to the best of our knowledge, nothing is known about circRNAs produced by these two genes and their role in CLL.

The fungal intestinal microbiota predict the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birthweight newborns.

Rationale: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common morbidity affecting very preterm infants. Gut fungal and bacterial microbial communities contribute to multiple lung diseases and may influence BPD pathogenesis.

Methods: We performed a prospective, observational cohort study comparing the multikingdom fecal microbiota of 144 preterm infants with or without moderate to severe BPD by sequencing the bacterial 16S and fungal ITS2 ribosomal RNA gene.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Extracts: Unveiling Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Potential, and Antioxidant Activities.

The current study explored the antioxidant and antibacterial capabilities of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) synthetized using methanolic leaf extracts of the medicinal herb . Through TEM investigation and UV-Vis analysis, which peaked at 406 nm, the synthesis of ZnONPs was verified. TEM analyses showed that the synthesized ZnONPs had a size distribution with an average of 13.

Seed Nano-Priming with Calcium Oxide Maintains the Redox State by Boosting the Antioxidant Defense System in Water-Stressed Carom ( L.) Plants to Confer Drought Tolerance.

This paper explores the potential of nano seed priming with calcium oxide nanoparticles in maintaining the redox status in carom ( L.) plants by modulating non-enzymatic antioxidants and enzymatic antioxidants. Calcium oxide nanoparticles were prepared in four testing regimes comprising 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm along with the control treatment of 0 ppm (distilled water).

Octopus: A Novel Approach for Health Data Masking and Retrieving Using Physical Unclonable Functions and Machine Learning.

Health equipment are used to keep track of significant health indicators, automate health interventions, and analyze health indicators. People have begun using mobile applications to track health characteristics and medical demands because devices are now linked to high-speed internet and mobile phones. Such a combination of smart devices, the internet, and mobile applications expands the usage of remote health monitoring through the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT).