Role of cAMP/pCREB and GSK-3β/NF-κB p65 signaling pathways in the renoprotective effect of mirabegron against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Acute kidney injury and other renal disorders are thought to be primarily caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) has plenty of physiological pleiotropic effects and preserves tissue integrity and functions. This research aimed to examine the potential protective effects of the β-adrenergic receptors agonist mirabegron in a rat model of RIR and its underlying mechanisms.

Cyclosporine-induced kidney damage was halted by sitagliptin and hesperidin via increasing Nrf2 and suppressing TNF-α, NF-κB, and Bax.

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is employed for organ transplantation and autoimmune disorders. Nephrotoxicity is a serious side effect that hampers the therapeutic use of CsA. Hesperidin and sitagliptin were investigated for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-protective properties.

Anatabine attenuates ovalbumin-induced asthma via oxidative stress and inflammation mitigation and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling upregulation in rats.

Aims: Asthma affects a large number of people worldwide and is characterized by chronic allergic airway inflammation. Anatabine is a natural alkaloid that is structurally similar to nicotine and found in the Solanaceae family of plants, with anti-inflammatory properties. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of anatabine against asthma.

Therapeutic Versus Preventative Use of Extract (EGb 761) against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Mice.

The main bioactive constituents in the standardized leaf extract (EGb 761) are the terpene lactones and flavonoid glycosides. EGb 761's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have previously been demonstrated. Indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers have a multifactorial etiology and represent a major restriction to its therapeutic utility.

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells versus Omega n - 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Gentamicin-Induced Cardiac Degeneration.

This study compared the cardioprotective action of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and PUFAs in a rat model of gentamicin (GM)-induced cardiac degeneration. Male Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups of eight rats each: group I (control group), group II (gentamicin-treated rats receiving gentamicin intraperitoneally (IP) at dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 10 consecutive days), group III (gentamicin and PUFA group receiving gentamicin IP at dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 10 consecutive days followed by PUFAs at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks), and group IV (gentamicin and MSC group receiving gentamicin IP at dose of 100 mg/kg/day followed by a single dose of MSCs (1 × 10)/rat IP). Cardiac histopathology was evaluated via light and electron microscopy.

Celecoxib has Preventive and Therapeutic Benefits against Nephrotoxicity Caused by Gentamicin in Mice.

It's crucial to comprehend the impact of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the gentamicin-induced kidney injury mechanism. Celecoxib was administered orally either before or after intraperitoneal therapy with gentamicin in mice. The serum levels of creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), IL-6, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA test, as well as the levels of the kidney tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) were also estimated spectrophotometrically.

Voriconazole-Induced Cholestatic Hepatotoxicity in an Immune Competent Patient.

Voriconazole is a frequently prescribed anti-fungal medication used in particular for invasive aspergillosis. Voriconazole-induced hepatotoxicity is a relatively rare but serious clinicopathologic entity. We report a patient presenting with impaired liver function test results pointing towards the cholestatic picture.

Systemic and topical Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (Egb-761) ameliorated rat paw inflammation in comparison to dexamethasone.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ginkgo Biloba leaf extract (Egb-761) is used for treating various inflammatory disease conditions therefore this study was performed.

Aim Of The Study: The present study aimed at comparing the ameliorative effects of both systemic and topical Egb-761 versus dexamethasone on carrageenan-induced hind paw inflammation in rats.

Material And Methods: Wistar albino rats were injected with carrageenan solution in the sub-planter region of the right hind paw.

Challenges in the Management of an Echis coloratus Adult Snakebite Victim at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization has set clear guidelines for the management of snakebite envenomation. However, challenges have been reported in the clinical application of guidelines, such as identification of the biting snake, hypersensitivity reactions to the antivenom, and influence of repeated antivenom administration during hospital stay. This report aims to discuss how these challenges can affect patient management and to highlight improvement opportunities.

Valproate attenuates hypertonic glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury.

Background And Aim: The current study investigated the effects of treatment with 300 mg/kg valproic acid on rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury induced by intramuscular injection of hypertonic glycerol in rats.

Methods: Four groups of male wistar rats: control and hypertonic glycerol, valproic acid and valproic acid + hypertonic glycerol treated groups were used. Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, creatinine kinase (CK) and CK MB, myoglobin and renal reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured.

Protective effect of the standardized leaf extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb761) against hypertension-induced renal injury in rats.

Background: Ginkgo biloba leaves extract has been widely used worldwide to protect against oxidative stress-induced cell damage and improves blood circulation.

Methods: The potential protective role of the standardized leaf extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb761) on hypertension-induced renal injury was investigated in rats. Hypertension was induced in rats by L-NAME.

Protective effect of the standardized extract of ginkgo biloba (EGb761) against hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced renal injury in rats: Insights in the underlying mechanisms.

The potential protective role of the standardized leaf extract of ginkgo biloba (EGb761) on hypertension with hypercholesterolemia-induced renal injury was investigated in rats. Hypertension was induced by L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding rats with a diet containing 1% cholesterol. In these animals repeated treatment with EGb761 produced a progressive reduction in the systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure (BP).