Whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging with background body signal suppression and quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient in the detection, staging, and grading of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Purpose: Assess reproducibility of detection, staging, and grading of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) using whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging with background body signal suppression (WB-DWIBS).

Material And Methods: Thirty NHL patients underwent WB-DWIBS, divided into 2 groups according to staging and grading. Image analysis and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement of the largest lymph node in each group were performed by 2 observers.

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of congenital thoracic systemic venous anomalies.

We present the imaging findings of thoracic systemic venous anomalies diagnosed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Persistent left superior vena cava is the commonest anomaly of the thoracic systemic veins encountered either incidentally as an isolated finding or associated with congenital heart disease. Inferior vena cava (IVC) interruption with azygos continuation is the second most common anomaly, which may also be isolated or be associated with left isomerism syndrome.

Multi-parametric arterial spin labeling and diffusion-weighted imaging of paranasal sinuses masses.

Purpose: To evaluate arterial spin labeling (ASL) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in discrimination of benign from malignant paranasal sinus (PNS) tumors.

Material And Methods: A prospective study was done upon 42 cases of PNS masses that underwent magnetic resonance ASL and DWI of the head. Tumor blood flow (TBF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the masses were calculated by two observers.

The value of the apparent diffusion coefficient value in the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018.

Purpose: To assess role of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 for the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 137 hepatic focal lesions in 108 patients at risk of HCC, who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the liver. Hepatic focal lesions were classified according to LI-RADS-v2018, and ADC of hepatic lesions was calculated by 2 independent blinded reviewers.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Auditory Pathway in Patients With Crigler-Najjar Syndrome Type I: Correlation With Auditory Brainstem Response.

Aim: To evaluate the role of diffusion tensor imaging of the auditory pathway in patients with Crigler Najjar syndrome type I and its relation to auditory brainstem response.

Methods: Prospective study was done including 12 patients with Crigler Najjar syndrome type I and 10 age- and sex-matched controls that underwent diffusion tensor imaging of brain. Mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy at 4 regions of the brain and brainstem on each side were measured and correlated with the results of auditory brainstem response for patients.

The relevance of left ventricular functions to clinical and metabolic characteristics of prepubertal children with obesity.

Background: Paediatric obesity is a worldwide health burden, with growing evidence linking obesity to myocardial function impairments. The study aims to evaluate left ventricular functions among prepubertal obese children to obesity-related clinical and metabolic parameters.

Methods: Between June 2019 and March 2020, 40 prepubertal children with obesity were recruited and compared to 40 healthy controls.

The role of diffusion tensor imaging of the liver in children with autoimmune hepatitis.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the liver in children with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

Material And Methods: A prospective study was done on 42 children with AIH (30 girls and 12 boys, with a mean age of 13 years) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control children. They underwent DTI of the liver and laboratory tests.

Coronary artery disease imaging reporting and data system (CAD-RADS): what radiologists need to know?

The aim of this work is to review Coronary Artery Disease Imaging Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) that was designed to standardize reporting language and improve the communication of data among radiologists and clinicians. Stenotic lesions are graded into 5 grades ranging from 0 (no stenosis) to 5 (total occlusion), where the highest grade represents the final score. The expert consensus platform has added 4 special modifiers (non-diagnostic, stent, graft, and vulnerability) to aid patient management through linking these scores with decision algorithm and treatment plan.

Combined accuracy of optic nerve sheath diameter, strain ratio, and shear wave elastography of the optic nerve in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Purpose: This study assessed the combined accuracy of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), strain ratio (SR), and shear wave elastography (SWE) of the optic nerve (ON) in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Methods: This prospective study was carried out on both ONs of 34 consecutive patients diagnosed with IIH and 16 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. All of the study participants were women.

Diffusion tensor imaging of renal cortex in lupus nephritis.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic value of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of renal cortex in assessment of lupus nephritis (LN) and prediction of its pathological subtypes.

Methods: Prospective study was performed upon 39 female patients with pathologically proven LN and 16 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Patients and controls underwent DTI of kidney.

Diffusion tensor imaging of vertebral bone marrow in children with Gaucher's disease type I and III: Pre- and post-therapy.

Purpose: To assess diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the vertebral bone marrow (BM) in children with Gaucher's disease (GD) types I and III before and after therapy.

Methods: Prospective study was conducted upon 25 children with GD type I (n = 17) and III (n = 8) and 13 age and sex-matched controls underwent DTI of vertebral BM. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of vertebral BM was calculated and correlated with genotyping, chitotriosidase, hemoglobin (HB) and, platelet count.

Effect of changes in optic nerve elasticity on central retinal artery blood flow in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Purpose: To assess changes in central retinal artery (CRA) blood flow by orbital color-coded Doppler ultrasonography in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and their relation with optic nerve (ON) elasticity assessed by shear wave elastography (SWE).

Methods: This study was carried out on 68 eyes of patients diagnosed with IIH and 32 eyes of healthy controls. The severity of papilledema in IIH patients was sub-classified into mild and moderate/severe groups.

Early assessment of lung function in coronavirus patients using invariant markers from chest X-rays images.

The primary goal of this manuscript is to develop a computer assisted diagnostic (CAD) system to assess pulmonary function and risk of mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The CAD system processes chest X-ray data and provides accurate, objective imaging markers to assist in the determination of patients with a higher risk of death and thus are more likely to require mechanical ventilation and/or more intensive clinical care.To obtain an accurate stochastic model that has the ability to detect the severity of lung infection, we develop a second-order Markov-Gibbs random field (MGRF) invariant under rigid transformation (translation or rotation of the image) as well as scale (i.

Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS): What the radiologists need to know?

We aim to review the new modifications in MR imaging technique, image interpretation, lexicon, and scoring system of the last version of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1) in a simple and practical way.

CT based Acute Appendicitis Severity Index for acute appendicitis and validate its effectiveness in predicting complicated appendicitis.

Aim: To propose a CT-based scoring system called Acute Appendicitis Severity Index (AASI) for diagnosis of acute appendicitis and validates its effectiveness in predicting complicated appendicitis.

Subjects And Methods: Retrospective analyses of CT images of 120 adult patients with pathologically proven uncomplicated (n = 64) and complicated (n = 56) acute appendicitis were performed. All patients had undergone a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis using 320 multi-detectors computed tomography with Adaptive Iterative Dose Reduction 3D (AIDR 3D).

Diffusion tensor imaging of the spleen in prediction and grading of esophageal varices in cirrhotic children with portal hypertension.

Purpose: To assess diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of spleen in prediction and grading of esophageal varices (OV) in cirrhotic children.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted upon 30 children with cirrhotic children with OV and 10 age-gender matched controls that underwent DTI of abdomen. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of spleen were calculated and matched with the grading of OV at endoscopy and laboratory biomarkers of portal hypertension.

Imaging of vascular cognitive impairment.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a major health challenge and represents the second most common cause of dementia. We review the updated imaging classification and imaging findings of different subtypes of VCI. We will focus on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of each subtype and highlight the role of advanced MR imaging sequences in the evaluation of these patients.

Imaging of congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders: What radiologist wants to know?

We aim to review the imaging features of congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders. Characteristic imaging findings can define subtypes of these disorders through assessment of cranial nerves, extraocular muscles, orbital, and brain abnormalities. Duane retraction syndrome shows absent or hypoplasic 6th cranial nerve and preserved extraocular muscles (EOM).

Multi-parametric arterial spin labeling and diffusion-weighted imaging in differentiation of metastatic from reactive lymph nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To assess arterial spin labeling (ASL) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differentiation of metastatic from reactive lymph nodes (LNs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 113 LNs in 43 patients with HNSCC underwent ASL and DWI of the neck. The tumor blood flow (TBF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the cervical LNs were calculated.

Interstitial Lung Fibrosis Imaging Reporting and Data System: What Radiologist Wants to Know?

The aim of this work is to review interstitial lung fibrosis Imaging Reporting and Data System (ILF-RADS) that was designed for reporting of interstitial lung fibrosis (ILF). Findings include pulmonary and extrapulmonary findings and is subsequently designed into 4 categories. Pulmonary findings included lung volume, reticulations, traction bronchiectasis, honeycomb, nodules, cysts, ground glass, consolidation, mosaic attenuation and emphysema, and distribution of pulmonary lesions; axial (central, peripheral and diffuse), and zonal distribution (upper, middle, and lower zones).

Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in prediction of nipple-areolar complex invasion by breast cancer.

The Aim Of This Work: The aim of this work was to estimate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in predicting malignant invasion of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) by underlying breast cancer.

Material And Methods: This prospective study included 70 female patients with breast cancer with a mean age of 45.8 years (range: 28-68).

Role of dynamic sleep MRI in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Purpose: To identify obstruction sites of the upper airway during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) under dynamic conditions and improve knowledge to guide surgical treatment and advancements.

Materials And Methods: The study included 15 patients (5 females and 10 males) who were diagnosed as having OSAS. Overall mean age was 40.

Multi-parametric arterial spin labelling and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in differentiation of grade II and grade III gliomas.

Purpose: To assess arterial spin labelling (ASL) perfusion and diffusion MR imaging (DWI) in the differentiation of grade II from grade III gliomas.

Material And Methods: A prospective cohort study was done on 36 patients (20 male and 16 female) with diffuse gliomas, who underwent ASL and DWI. Diffuse gliomas were classified into grade II and grade III.

MR and CT imaging features of sino-nasal organized hematomas.

Aim: To describe the MR and CT imaging features of organized hematomas [OH].

Methods: A retrospective analysis of MR imaging and CT of eight patients [6 male, 2 females; age range is 6-86 years] with pathological proven OH was performed. Routine contrast MR and CT scan were done for all patients, and diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast CT were done for only five patients.