The Isokinetic and Electromyographic Assessment of Knee Muscles Strength in the Short- and Long-Term Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients are subject to muscle weakness.

Objectives: The aim of the study was an assessment of electromyographic (EMG) activity of knee muscles during isometric maximal voluntary contraction in the different disease durations of T2DM.

Methods: Eighteen patients with less than 10 years and twelve patients with more than 10 years of T2DM were compared with nineteen matched healthy control subjects.

Isokinetic and Electromyographic Properties of Muscular Endurance in Short and Long-Term Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are subject to progressive reduction of muscle mass and strength. The aim of this study was to assess muscle forces and electromyography (EMG) indices in short and long-term diabetes during an isokinetic exercise.

Methods: The peak torque, work, mean power frequency (MPF) and root mean square (RMS) of knee flexors and extensors during 40 isokinetic knee extension-flexion repetitions with a velocity of 150 degree/s were recorded.

Reliability and validity of the Persian versions of the fear avoidance beliefs questionnaire and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia in patients with neck pain.

Study Design: Validation of 2 self-report questionnaires.

Objective: To evaluate the internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity of the Persian versions of the fear avoidance beliefs questionnaire (FABQ) and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) in patients with acute and chronic neck pain.

Summary Of Background Data: The FABQ and TSK are 2 important measures to evaluate fear of pain and fear avoidance beliefs in patients with spinal pain.

Reliability and validity of the persian version of the scoliosis research society-22r questionnaire.

Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study to investigate psychometric properties of adapted Persian version of the Scoliosis Research Society-22r (SRS-22r) questionnaire. OBJECTIVES.: To translate the SRS-22r into Persian and to evaluate the internal consistency, reliability, and validity of the Persian SRS-22r.

Cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) outcome measure.

Objective: To translate and validate the Persian version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) outcome measure (Persian DASH).

Design: Cultural translation and psychometric testing.

Setting: Outpatient departments of orthopaedics surgery, primary care settings, rehabilitation medicine and physical therapy.

Translation and validation study of the Iranian versions of the Neck Disability Index and the Neck Pain and Disability Scale.

Study Design: Cultural translation and psychometric testing.

Objective: To translate and validate the Iranian versions of the Neck Disability Index (NDI-IR) and the Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPDS-IR).

Summary Of Background Data: The widely used the NDI and the NPDS scales have not been translated and validated for Persian-speaking patients with neck pain.