Cortical and subcortical gray matter volume and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: This study investigated the cortical and subcortical gray matter volume (GMV) and cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: In this study, T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the cortex and subcortex was conducted on 92 individuals diagnosed with PD and 92 healthy controls (HCs). PD patients were divided into three groups: PD with normal cognition (PD-NC,  = 21), PD with mild CI (PD-MCI,  = 43), and PD with severe CI (PD-SCI,  = 28).

Relationship Between Personality Traits and Perceived Pain After Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hamadan.

Background: Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a common procedure to correct refractive errors. However, postoperative pain is one of the most common drawbacks of PRK. Evidence shows that individual`s personality traits could impact postoperative perceived pain.

Effects of Educational Program Based on Self-Esteem Enhancement on Weight Status in Obese Women.

Background: Most obese people do not have high self-esteem. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of self-esteem education on the weight status of obese women.

Methods: This Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) was performed on 46 obese women (BMI >30) in Hamadan during 2021-2022.

Balance-energy of resting state network in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Stability of the brain functional network is directly linked to organization of synchronous and anti-synchronous activities. Nevertheless, impact of arrangement of positive and negative links called links topology requires to be well understood. In this study, we investigated how topology of the functional links reduce balance-energy of the brain network in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and push the network to a more stable state as compared to healthy controls.

The Relationship between Anxiety and Salivary Alpha-Amylase Levels in Mothers of Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Objectives: Anxiety is a significant health issue in mothers who give birth to unhealthy neonates. Different studies have investigated the relationship between anxiety and alpha-amylase. According to the necessity for psychological care of mothers whose infants are hospitalized in intensive care units and consequently the anxiety that is imposed on mothers due to the condition, this study aims to assess anxiety in these mothers and the relationship between this anxiety and salivary alpha-amylase.

Effectiveness of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) Add-On Therapy to a Standard Treatment in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis and Concomitant Symptoms of Depression-Results from a Randomized Clinical Trial and Pilot Study.

Background: Compared to the general population, persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at increased risk of suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD). Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) was used successfully to treat individuals with MDD. Here, we conducted a randomized clinical trial and pilot study, and tested the effectiveness of rTMS adjuvant to a standard pharmacological treatment among persons with MS, compared to a sham condition.

Design and validation of the psychosexual harassment questionnaire.

Background: Physical and sexual harassment has extensive psychological consequences on people's lives. Therefore, the using of a valid measure to identify this unpleasant experience in people can be useful both in determining the starting point of interventions related to victims and in general screenings in the society. In this regard, due to the lack of native and multidimensional measures to investigate this phenomenon, the aim of this study was to design and validation of the psychosexual harassment questionnaire.

Investigating the effect of couple-centered counseling by Gottman method on the intimacy of infertile couples referring to the infertility Ward of Fatemieh hospital, Hamadan, Iran in 2020: a quasi-experimental study.

Background: Infertility is among the most unpleasant experiences for couples struggling with it. Therefore, coping with its associated psychological burden has become a concern in many societies due to its negative impacts on couples' lives and intimacy levels. Lack of marital intimacy leads to unfortunate consequences such as dissatisfaction with marital relationships between spouses.

Influence of adjuvant clonidine on mania, sleep disturbances and cognitive performance - Results from a double-blind and placebo-controlled randomized study in individuals with bipolar I disorder during their manic phase.

Background: While the favorable effect of adjuvant clonidine in the treatment of acute mania has been observed already about 40 years ago, this line of treatment has not been further investigated. Here, we resumed this topic, and we tested the effect of adjuvant clonidine, an antihypertensive stimulating the alpha- central adrenergic receptor, on symptoms of mania, cognitive performance, and subjective sleep. To this end, we performed a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial among inpatients with bipolar disorder I during their acute phase of mania.

Levetiracetam as an Adjunctive Treatment for Mania: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Levetiracetam is an anticonvulsant with a low side effect profile and favorable properties for individuals with bipolar I disorder during their manic phase. Despite initial promising results until about 2008, it appears that this track of research has not been followed-up. To counter this, we tested the influence of adjuvant levetiracetam on acute mania, compared to placebo.

Influence of modafinil on early ejaculation - Results from a double-blind randomized clinical trial.

Background: For men, early ejaculation is a serious health concern. Here, we tested the influence of modafinil (Profinil®) on early ejaculation. To this end, we performed a double-blind randomized clinical trial among men with early ejaculation.

Non-linear associations between retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and positive and negative symptoms among men with acute and chronic schizophrenia spectrum disorder.

Background: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder (SSD) is a chronic psychiatric disorder with modest treatment outcomes. Changes in neuronal morphology may be associated with the symptomatology of SSD. In the present study, we compared the retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFLT) of typically developed adults with that of individuals with SSD in both acute and chronic stages.

Complexity of information processing in obsessive-compulsive disorder based on fractal analysis of EEG signal.

The human brain is considered as a self-organizing system with self-similarities at various temporal and spatial scales called "fractals". In this scale-free system, it is possible to decode the complexity of information processing using fractal behavior. For instance, the complexity of information processing in the brain can be evaluated by fractal dimensions (FDs).

Sexual Violence in Women with HIV Positive Spouse and Their Mental Health.

Background: Sexual violence (SV) against women is one of the most important issues in women's health. We aimed to investigate the related variable for SV against women with HIV spouse and its relationship with mental problems in them.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Prevalence, comorbidity and predictors of anxiety disorders among children and adolescents.

Childhood anxiety may lead to serious health consequences in later life. The present study provides the prevalence, comorbidity, and predictors of anxiety disorders among children and adolescents. This was a cross-sectional national project that was implemented on 28,698 children and adolescents in Iran.

The relationship between readiness for treatment of substance use and self-efficacy based on life skills.

Substance use is a social harm. Promoting substance users readiness for treatment of substance use with a non-medical approach is important besides the medical approach. The current study aimed to determine the relationship between readiness for treatment of substance use and self-efficacy based on life skills.

Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to Predict Patterns of Marijuana Use among Young Iranian Adults.

: Marijuana use is increasing among adolescents and young adults. Long-term marijuana use magnifies the risk of a wide variety of behavioral, cognitive-emotional, and neurological problems, and can be a gateway to use of other drugs. In the present study, we investigated the cognitive-emotional and behavioral predictors of marijuana use.

Assessing physical activity in people with mental illness: 23-country reliability and validity of the simple physical activity questionnaire (SIMPAQ).

Background: Physical inactivity is a key contributor to the global burden of disease and disproportionately impacts the wellbeing of people experiencing mental illness. Increases in physical activity are associated with improvements in symptoms of mental illness and reduction in cardiometabolic risk. Reliable and valid clinical tools that assess physical activity would improve evaluation of intervention studies that aim to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in people living with mental illness.

Risky Behaviors and Health-Promoting Behaviors in Young Adults: An Epidemiological Study.

Health behaviors are defined as activities that affect either health status or disease risk. They can be divided into 2 categories: risky behaviors and health promoting behaviors. The growing body of evidence indicates that unhealthy behaviors often cluster in young individuals.

Crocus Sativus L. (saffron) versus sertraline on symptoms of depression among older people with major depressive disorders-a double-blind, randomized intervention study.

Background: While there is sufficient evidence that Crocus Sativus L. (saffron) improves symptoms of depression in young and middle-aged adults, research on older people are missing. The purpose of the double-blind, randomized intervention study was to compare the effect of saffron and sertraline on MDD among a sample of older people.

Omega-3-polyunsatured fatty acids (O3PUFAs), compared to placebo, reduced symptoms of occupational burnout and lowered morning cortisol secretion.

Background: Occupational burnout is both a serious health concern at both public and individual levels. Treatment options are psychopharmacological, psychological and physical activity-related interventions. Here, we tested whether, compared to placebo, omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (O3PUFAs) have a positive impact on burnout and morning cortisol secretion.

Does rTMS on brain areas of mirror neurons lead to higher improvements on symptom severity and empathy compared to the rTMS standard procedure? - Results from a double-blind interventional study in individuals with major depressive disorders.

Background: A key feature of major depressive disorders is the lack of emotional processing such as empathy. To counter this, we tested, if brain stimulation on areas rich of mirror neurons on the left inferior parietal lobe (lIPL) might improve emotional processing, including empathy, compared to a standard brain stimulation on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC).

Methods: Twenty inpatients (mean age: 38.

Minor Beta-Thalassemia, Cognitive Performance Is Related to Length of Education, But Not to Minor Beta-Thalassemia or Hemoglobin Levels.

Thalassemia is one of the most frequent monogenic disorders, leading to impairment in the maturation and survival of red blood cells. The question examined here is whether, and if so, to what extent, people with beta-thalassemia might also be impaired in their cognitive functioning. Previous results in adults with beta-thalassemia showed cognitive impairment when compared to healthy controls.