Stem cells as therapy for heart disease: iPSCs, ESCs, CSCs, and skeletal myoblasts.

Heart Diseases are serious and global public health concern. In spite of remarkable therapeutic developments, the prediction of patients with Heart Failure (HF) is weak, and present therapeutic attitudes do not report the fundamental problem of the cardiac tissue loss. Innovative therapies are required to reduce mortality and limit or abolish the necessity for cardiac transplantation.

The role of sphingosine 1 phosphate in coronary artery disease and ischemia reperfusion injury.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerotic plaques, as a hallmark of CAD, cause chronic narrowing of coronary arteries over time and could also result in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The standard treatments for ameliorating AMI are reperfusion strategies, which paradoxically result in ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury.

SIRT3-mediated cardiac remodeling/repair following myocardial infarction.

The recent investigations have extensively focused on the importance of sirtuins, as a highly conserved family of gene products, particularly SIRT3 in various biological and pathological processes. SIRT3, the mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase has been demonstrated to target a broad range of proteins involved in the oxidative stress, ischemia-reperfusion injury, mitochondrial metabolism homeostasis and cellular death. The critical function of SIRT3 in myocardial infarction (MI), which is one of the complex phenotype of coronary artery disease and a result of interaction between various genetic and environmental factors, as well as in cardiac repair and remodeling post-MI have attracted more attention in the recent years.

Mesenchymal stem cell and bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy for cardiomyopathy: From bench to bedside.

To date, stem cell-based therapies for cardiac diseases have not achieved any significant clinical accomplishment. Globally, numerous patients are currently treated with autologous stem cells. The safety and practicality of this technique have been well-examined, its disadvantages have been recognized, and many trials have been proposed.

N1-methylnicotinamide (MNAM) as a guardian of cardiovascular system.

Atherosclerosis is identified as the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, which could initiate the formation of a blood clot in which its growth to coronary artery can lead to a heart attack. N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is an enzyme that converts the NAM (nicotinamide) to its methylated form, N1-methylnicotinamide (MNAM). Higher levels of MNAM have been reported in cases with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Fatty acids composition of aorta and saphenous vein tissues in patients with coronary artery diseases.

Considering importance of fatty acids in developing coronary artery disease (CAD) and lack of information about saphenous vein which is commonly used as coronary arterial bypass, in this study we investigated differences in fatty acids composition between saphenous vein and aorta tissues in patients with CAD. Biopsy samples of aortic tissues and saphenous veins as well as blood samples were obtained form 42 patients with CAD. Fatty acids composition of the tissues was determined using gas chromatography and also serum lipid profile was evaluated by commercial kits.

Comparative effect of grape seed extract () and ascorbic acid in oxidative stress induced by on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

Background: This study aimed to test the beneficial effect of grape seed extract (GSE) (Vitis vinifera) and Vitamin C in oxidative stress and reperfusion injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in coronary artery bypass surgery.

Patients And Methods: In this randomized trial, 87 patients undergoing elective and isolated coronary bypass surgery included. The patients were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 29 each): (1) Control group with no treatment, (2) GSE group who received the extract 24 h before operation, 100 mg every 6 h, orally, (3) Vitamin C group who received 25 mg/kg Vitamin C through CPB during surgery.

Vasorelaxant effect of 17α-ethynylestradiol on human saphenous vein.

Purpose: A protective effect for estrogens against cardiovascular problems has long been known. The aim of this study was to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of 17α-Ethynylestradiol (17α-EE) on human saphenous vein.

Methods: The veins were suspended horizontally between two triangular stainless steel hooks for the measurement of isometric tension in individual organ baths containing 10ml Krebs solution, at 37°C and gassed with carbogen under 3gr optimum tension.

Depression in coronary artery disease.

Introduction: Depression is one of the Common psychological disorders. From the cognitive point of view, the unhealthy attitudes increase the severity of the depression. The aim of this study was to investigate depression and unhealthy attitudes in coronary patients hospitalized at Tabriz Shahid Madani Heart Center.

New procedure for treatment of atrial fibrillation in patients with valvular heart disease.

Patients with valvular heart disease suffer from atrial fibrillation for more than 12 months after valve surgery and have a low probability of remaining in sinus rhythm. We performed an intra-operative procedure similar to surgical maze ІІІ procedure for conversion of this arrhythmia to sinus rhythm. We did this study to evaluate the efficacy of this procedure to restore the sinus rhythm in patients with valvular heart disease.