Endovascular treatment of epidural arteriovenous fistula associated with sacral arteriovenous malformation: case report.

Spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas with sacral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) are a rare type of spinal arteriovenous fistulas. There are two varieties of spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SEDAVFs), with type 1 involving intradural venous drainage and type 2 not involving intradural venous drainage. We present a case of transarterial embolization for type 1 SEDAVFs with sacral AVM.

Double stent retriever technique for rescue recanalization in refractory large vessel occlusions.

Acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) involving bifurcation usually have a difficult and high clot burden. By using conventional technique often resulting in a reduction in the possibility of successful recanalization. The double stent retriever technique can be considered for rescue recanalization.

The Development of Pulmonary Edema after Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patient; Neurogenic or Non-Neurogenic?

Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) is the first-line drug for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, despite it may lead to a variety of complications in some cases. In patients with extensive stroke, infarction of the brain can cause suppression of the respiratory center in the brain leading to neurogenic pulmonary edema that potentially causes respiratory failure. Its etiology is either due to a neurogenic or non-neurogenic process.

Case series of intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in confirmed COVID-19 patients: single-centre experience.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only caused a large surge of respiratory infections, it also had a potential association with and increases the risk of stroke. The pandemic has certainly provided new challenges and opportunities in the management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, data regarding outcomes of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV TPA) administration in stroke patients with COVID-19 remains limited.

Case Presentation: Three AIS patients with confirmed COVID-19 treated using IV tPA.

Intra-arterial Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells in Sub-acute Ischemic Stroke Increases VEGF Expression in Rats.

Thrombolysis (rt-PA) is the only United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug currently available. Unfortunately, its effect has been limited by the narrow therapeutic time window. Human cord blood mononuclear cells (cbMNC) is a promising treatment for ischemic stroke by forming collateral and neo-vascularization where it is one of the important factors that contribute to cell repair.