Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) and Astacin Genes of as well as HSP70 and HSP17.1 Genes of in Adult and Larval Stages of .

Background: Uncovering the roles and characteristics of pathogenesis-related molecules can help us develop novel management methods in parasitology. In this study, we studied the expression levels of heat shock protein70 (HSP70) () and astacin () as pathogenesis-related genes as well as the expression of HSP70 and HSP17.1 (, ) in the larvae and adult stages of .

Corrigendum: Co-infection of (Diptera: Psychodidae) gut bacteria with exacerbates the pathological responses of BALB/c mice.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.

Co-infection of (Diptera: Psychodidae) gut bacteria with exacerbates the pathological responses of BALB/c mice.

Clinical features and severity of the leishmaniasis is extremely intricate and depend on several factors, especially sand fly-derived products. Bacteria in the sand fly's gut are a perpetual companion of parasites. However, consequences of the concomitance of these bacteria and parasite outside the midgut environment have not been investigated in the infection process.

Molecular identification of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Blastocystis from stray and household cats and cat owners in Tehran, Iran.

Cryptosporidiosis, giardiasis, and blastocystosis are among the most important parasitic diseases common between humans and cats. In addition, there are concerns about the possible transmission of zoonotic parasites from infected cats to humans. Hence, we investigated the molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium spp.

Multilocus sequence typing of genotypes circulating in humans in a major metropolitan area.

is an intestinal protozoan parasite of humans and animal hosts and comprises eight microscopically indistinguishable molecularly-diverse lineages designated as assemblages A-H. Assemblages A and B are the primary sources of infections in humans and a wide range of mammals. Here, we identified assemblages, and inter-/intra-assemblage genetic diversity of human isolates based on the multilocus sequence typing of the triosephosphate isomerase (), β -giardin (), and glutamate dehydrogenase () loci.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of and Among Stray and Household Cats and Cat Owners in Tehran, Iran.

and spp. are the most critical parasites common between humans and cats. The close association of cats with humans in urban areas persuaded us to investigate the prevalence of these parasites in stray and household cats and their possible role in the owners' infection.

Entamoeba histolytica and Probable Effect on Production Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer.

The mortality rate of Entamoeba histolytica is still high and approximately 100,000 per year. Environmental factors and different pathogens can cause microsatellite instability (MSI) positive, which may be one reason for colorectal cancer. MSI status can play an essential role in treatment.

The fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) decreases the clinical signs and modulates immune responses in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Background: An increasing body of studies has shown that Fasciola hepatica can affect immune responses. This study explored whether the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) of F. hepatica can modulate the immune system in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

Morphological Description, Phylogenetic and Molecular Analysis of Isolated from Dogs in the Northwest of Iran.

Background: Dirofilariasis is a globally distributed arthropod-borne parasitic disease of mainly canids and felids. We evaluated to extend the knowledge of morpho-molecular characteristics and outer ultrastructure of isolated from Northwest of Iran.

Methods: Overall, 67 filarial worms including 41 females and 26 males parasites were collected from the cardiovascular system of the 43 stray dogs in Meshkinshar, Ardebil Province, Northwest of Iran in 2017, and subjected to light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as carmine alum staining for morpho-molecular and identification.

Detection and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus mitochondrial DNA in serum and formalin-fixed paraffin embedded cyst tissue samples of cystic echinococcosis patients.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. We investigated the presence of E. granulosus-specific DNA in the serum of CE patients by detecting the cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (nad1) mitochondrial genes.

Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Endosymbiont (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) Isolated from in Northwest of Iran.

Background: The purpose of this study was molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of species of .

Methods: Adult filarial nematodes were collected from the cardiovascular and pulmonary arterial systems of naturally infected dogs, which caught in different geographical areas of Meshkin Shahr in Ardabil Province, Iran, during 2017. genomic DNA were extracted.

Fatty acid and retinol-binding protein: A novel antigen for immunodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis.

The tenacious human parasitic helminth Strongyloides stercoralis is a significant health problem worldwide. The current lack of a definitive diagnostic laboratory test to rule out this infection necessitates designing more specific diagnostic methods. Fatty acid and retinol-binding protein (FAR) plays a crucial role in the development and reproduction of nematodes.

Production of recombinant 14-3-3 protein and determination of its immunogenicity for application in serodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis.

Background: Strongyloides stercoralis is the fourth most important intestinal nematode worldwide. The parasite load and larvae count are often low, thus conventional methods are not sufficiently sensitive to detect the infection. In this study we developed an immunoglobulin G-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to detect antibodies against S.

Sero-molecular detection, multi-locus genotyping, and clinical manifestations of ocular toxoplasmosis in patients in northwest Iran.

Background: Our goal was to use molecular techniques to verify and characterise clinical diagnoses of ocular toxoplasmosis. Clinical cases were evaluated against IgM and IgG Toxoplasma antibodies, and IgG avidity was tested. B1 gene was assessed for molecular detection, and multi-locus genotyping were conducted to type Toxoplasma infections.

Application of Dirofilaria immitis immunoreactive proteins in serodiagnosis.

Dirofilariasis is a zoonotic global vector-borne disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis. The present study focuses on the somatic and excretory/secretory (E/S) proteins released from adult D. immitis.

Characterization of a multi-epitope peptide with selective MHC-binding capabilities encapsulated in PLGA nanoparticles as a novel vaccine candidate against Toxoplasma gondii infection.

No effective human vaccine against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has yet been developed; however, a protective vaccine using immunogenic peptides in a safe delivery vehicle system offers promise. Here, we employed bioinformatics to design a multimeric recombinant T.

Dientamoeba fragilis diagnosis by fecal screening: relative effectiveness of traditional techniques and molecular methods.

Introduction: Dientamoeba fragilis, an intestinal trichomonad, occurs in humans with and without gastrointestinal symptoms. Its presence was investigated in individuals referred to Milad Hospital, Tehran.

Methodology: In a cross-sectional study, three time-separated fecal samples were collected from 200 participants from March through June 2011.

Comparative assessment of recombinant and native immunogenic forms of Fasciola hepatica proteins for serodiagnosis of sheep fasciolosis.

Laboratory diagnosis of sheep fasciolosis is commonly performed by coprological examinations; however, this method may lead to false negative results during the acute phase of the infection. Furthermore, the poor sensitivity of coprological methods is considered to be a paradox in the chronic phase of the infection. In this study, we compared the immunoreactivity of native and recombinant forms of Fasciola hepatica excretory/secretory antigens and determined their capabilities for the development of F.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Human Intestinal Parasites in Roudehen, Tehran Province, Iran.

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are among the most common infections and health problems worldwide. Due to the lack of epidemiologic information of such infections, the prevalence of, and the risk factors for, enteric parasites were investigated in residents of Roudehen, Tehran Province, Iran.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 561 triple fecal samples were collected through a two-stage cluster-sampling protocol from Jun to Dec 2014.

Evaluation of anti-Cathepsin L1: a more reliable method for serodiagnosis of human fasciolosis.

Background: Coprological examinations are commonly used for diagnosis of fasciolosis. However, these methods are not useful during the acute phase of the infection and also show poor sensitivity during its chronic phase. In this study we compared the immunoreactivity of the native and recombinant forms of Fasciola hepatica excretory/secretory antigens and determined the most appropriate one for development of F.

Serodiagnosis of fasciolosis by fast protein liquid chromatography-fractionated excretory/secretory antigens.

In several studies, different antigenic preparations and diverse immunological tests were applied for serodiagnosis of Fasciola hepatica infections. Most of these preparations showed cross-reactivity with proteins of other parasites. Application of purified antigens might reduce these cross-reactivities.

SYBR green-based detection of Leishmania infantum DNA using peripheral blood samples.

Parasitological methods for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) require invasive sampling procedures. The aim of this study was to detect Leishmania infantum (L. infantum) DNA by real time-PCR method in peripheral blood of symptomatic VL patient and compared its performance with nested PCR, an established molecular method with very high diagnostic indices.

Genotyping and molecular analysis of Enterocytozoon bieneusi isolated from immunocompromised patients in Iran.

Microsporidia are known as opportunistic unicellular pathogens, particularly so in individuals with congenital or acquired immunodeficiency. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is one of the most common species infecting both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of E.

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Stimulates Apoptosis in RH and Tehran Strains of Toxoplasma gondii, in Vitro.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on apoptosis of tachyzoites of T. gondii, RH strain (type I) and the cyst-forming Tehran strain (type II) in vitro.

Methods: Toxoplasma strains were injected into the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice.

Emerging Intestinal Microsporidia Infection in HIV(+)/AIDS Patients in Iran: Microscopic and Molecular Detection.

Background: Species of Microsporidia have been known as opportunistic obligate intracellular parasites particularly in immunocompromised patients. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is one of most prevalent intestinal microsporida parasites in HIV(+)/AIDS patients. In this study, intestinal microsporidia infection was determined in HIV(+)/AIDS patients using microscopic and molecular methods.