Pharmacological investigation of selected 1,2,4 triazole derivative against ethanol induced gastric ulcer.

The present study aims to assess the therapeutic potential of (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S-2-(acetoxymethyl)-6-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(pyridine-4-yl)5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl tetrahydro-2H-pyran 3,4,5tryltriacetate (JAK05) on gastric ulcer. The current study was designed to evaluate the anti-ulcer potential of JAK05 against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer by employing in silico, in vitro and in vivo techniques. In silico studies, JAK05 has a binding score ranging from -8.

Diagnostic Accuracy of the Modified Alvarado Score and Serum C-reactive Protein in Acute Appendicitis.

Background The Alvarado score is a diagnostic tool to stratify patients on the likelihood of acute appendicitis based on signs, symptoms, and laboratory values. The validity of this score as compared to other diagnostic measures for acute appendicitis is questionable. The current study addresses the use of a modified Alvarado score (MAS) in conjunction with the widely used acute phase reactant biomarker serum C-reactive protein (CRP) for diagnostic accuracy.

Unraveling Interleukin-1β inhibition: Computational insights into anti-inflammatory compound selection for inflammatory disorders.

The multifaceted impact of IL-1β has been proposed to have a central role in a spectrum of immunological responses spanning physiological reactions to aggressive inflammatory reactions and autoimmune disorders. Once IL-1β binds to its cognate receptor it initiates IL-1R1/TLR4 signaling cascade, leading to transcriptional modifications that sustain the inflammatory response. Extensive structural and functional investigations on IL-1β have yielded various inhibitors aimed at disrupting the formation of ligand receptor complex.

Development and In Vitro Characterization of Azadirachta Indica Gum Grafted Polyacrylamide Based pH-Sensitive Hydrogels to Improve the Bioavailability of Lansoprazole.

The present study intended to develop a pH-responsive hydrogel based on Neem gum (Ng) to improve Lansoprazole (LSP) oral bioavailability. Azadirachta Indica seed extract was used to obtain Ng. pH-responsive hydrogel formulations (F1-F9) were prepared using different Ng ratios, Acrylamide (AAm), and methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA).

Predictors of Ischemic Stroke After Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background Ischemic stroke (IS) is a fatal complication of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Factors that speed up IS development after ACS are understudied, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Thus, this study was designed to identify the potential risk factors of IS in patients with a preceding episode of ACS.

Outcome of Neuromuscular Electrodiagnostic Testing in Children.

This study aimed to describe the spectrum of the results of neuromuscular electrodiagnostic investigations performed by age and pathology in paediatric patients. This retrospective observational study took place from January 2019 to December 2021. Electrodiagnostic records of paediatric patients (birth to 15 years) were referred to the electromyography (EMG) laboratory for EMG and nerve conduction study (NCS).

The United Kingdom National Health Service through the lens of an overseas clinical observer: A reflective account based on personal experience.

This article provides insight into an aspect of the National Health Service (NHS) of the United Kingdom (UK) through the perspective of an overseas clinical observer. The NHS is a government-funded medical and health care service in the UK and has developed over the years providing a high standard of medical care and professionalism. The Clinical Observership Programme has been designed primarily for International Medical Graduates to experience how the NHS functions and the kind of services it offers.

Pharmacological Activities of Rhododendron afghanicum; an Endemic Species of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Majority of different kinds of metabolites having therapeutic characteristics are thought to be stored in medicinal plants. So, the present study was aimed to explore the crude extract of leaves and stem of R. afghanicum for phytochemical screening and various pharmacological activities.

Mucoadhesive, Fluconazole-Loaded Nanogels Complexed with Sulfhydryl-β-cyclodextrin for Oral Thrush Treatment.

The objective of this study was to generate fluconazole-loaded mucoadhesive nanogels to address the problem of hydrophobicity of fluconazole (FL). An inclusion complex was formulated with sulfhydryl-β-CD (SH-β-CD) followed by nanogels formation by a Schiff base reaction of carbopol 940 (CA-940) and gelatin (GE). For characterization, PXRD, FT-IR analysis, drug content, and phase solubility studies were performed.

In Silico and In Vitro Studies of 4-Hydroxycoumarin-Based Heterocyclic Enamines as Potential Anti-Tumor Agents.

The present study reports the one-step synthesis of several 3-formyl-4-hydroxycouramin-derived enamines (-) in good yields (65-94%). The characterization of the synthesized compounds was carried out via advanced analytical and spectroscopic techniques, such as melting point, electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS), H-NMR, C-NMR, elemental analysis, FTIR, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The reaction conditions were optimized, and the maximum yield was obtained at 3-4 h of reflux of the reactants, using 2-butanol as a solvent.

Short-Term Outcomes and Quality-of-Life Assessment Following Rives-Stoppa and Transversus Abdominis Release Procedures of Open Ventral Hernia Repair.

Introduction: Ventral hernia is one of the common surgical conditions that can significantly impact a patient's quality of life (QoL). Open ventral hernia repair using the Rives-Stoppa (RS) and Transversus Abdominis Release (TAR) procedures has gained recognition for its effectiveness in achieving hernia repair and reducing the risk of further recurrence. However, limited research has been performed to explore the short-term outcomes and QoL assessment following these two surgical techniques.

Impact of Some Toxic Metals on Important ABC Transporters in Soybean ( L.).

In plants, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters facilitate the movement of substrates across membranes using ATP for growth, development, and defense. Soils contaminated with toxic metals such as cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) might adversely affect the metabolism of plants and humans. In this study, a phylogenetic relationship among soybeans' () ATP binding cassette (GmABCs) and other plant ABCs was analyzed using sequence information, gene structure, chromosomal distribution, and conserved motif-domain.

Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of fennel oil.

It is of interest to estimate the effects of foliar spray (ISA) on essential oil yield, chemical constituents, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill).Fennel was treated with ISA solutions at 40 and 80 mg L-1 doses. Application of ISA significantly augmented antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in addition to essential oil yield and its principal elements in fennel.

PEGylated Graphene Oxide as a Nanodrug Delivery Vehicle for Podophyllotoxin (GO/PEG/PTOX) and In Vitro α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase Inhibition Activities.

This study aims to develop a nanodrug delivery system containing podophyllotoxin (PTOX), a known anticancer drug, loaded on graphene oxide (GO). The system's ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes was also investigated. PTOX was isolated from roots with a yield of 2.

Identification of common candidate genes and pathways for Spina Bifida and Wilm's Tumor using an integrative bioinformatics analysis.

Spina Bifida (SB) and Wilm's Tumor (WT) are conditions, both associated with children. Several studies have shown that WT later develops in SB patients, which led us to elucidate common key genes and linked pathways of both conditions, aimed at their concurrent therapeutic management. For this, integrated bioinformatics analysis was employed.

Microbiological profile and their antibiogram of bloodstream infections amongst first and second surge of the COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital.

Introduction: The world is experiencing a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2. The prescription of a superfluity of unnecessary antibiotics without regard for the potential for increased antimicrobial resistances is extensive and unimpeded during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: To compare the microorganisms and the pattern of antimicrobial resistance of bacteremia during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital.

National TB elimination programme - What has changed.

Background: Before the start of Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, TB was the leading cause of death due to a single infectious agent, ranking well above HIV/AIDS. Almost one-fourth of the world's population is infected with M. tuberculosis.

Recent advances in yeast genome evolution with stress tolerance for green biological manufacturing.

Green biological manufacturing is a revolutionary industrial model utilizing yeast as a significant microbial cell factory to produce biofuels and other biochemicals. However, biotransformation efficiency is often limited owing to several stress factors resulting from environmental changes or metabolic imbalance, leading to the slow growth of cells, compromised yield, and enhanced energy consumption. These factors make biological manufacturing competitively less economical.

Pharmacognostic standardization of Rhododendron afghanicum through scanning electron microscopy and analytical techniques.

The aim of this study was to assess and compare the pharmacognostic and microscopic features of the selected parts of Rhododendron afghanicum Aitch. & Hemsl. It is a perennial and shrub.

Measuring Readiness for Self-Directed Learning in Medical Undergraduates.

Purpose: To measure the readiness for self-directed learning in medical students for the evaluation of self-directed learning in the study population.

Materials And Methods: The survey was conducted in undergraduate students. The instrument used was Fisher's readiness scale comprising of self-management, desire for learning, and self-control domains.