Delayed symptomatic TFV in neonatal posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus-pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Trapped fourth ventricle (TFV), which is a rare neurosurgical condition with multifactorial etiology, requires a prompt diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic method selection. We report a case of post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus and TFV incited/worsened by prematurity, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), mechanical ventilation, and concomitant fourth ventricle outlets stenosis; which displayed a delayed onset. This article addresses the proposed pathophysiology and the clinical importance of appropriate therapeutic strategies with a mini-review of the literature.

Comprehensive Therapeutic Approaches to Tuberculous Meningitis: Pharmacokinetics, Combined Dosing, and Advanced Intrathecal Therapies.

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) presents a critical neurologic emergency characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates, necessitating immediate therapeutic intervention, often ahead of definitive microbiological and molecular diagnoses. The primary hurdle in effective TBM treatment is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which significantly restricts the delivery of anti-tuberculous medications to the central nervous system (CNS), leading to subtherapeutic drug levels and poor treatment outcomes. The standard regimen for initial TBM treatment frequently falls short, followed by adverse side effects, vasculitis, and hydrocephalus, driving the condition toward a refractory state.

Pharmacokinetic Interpretation of Applying Local Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of Deep Surgical Site Infection in the Spine.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) after spinal surgery present significant challenges, including poor antibiotic penetration and biofilm formation on implants, leading to frequent treatment failures. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is widely used for localized drug delivery in bone infections, yet quantifying individual drug release kinetics is often impractical. This retrospective study analyzed 23 cases of deep SSIs (DSSIs) following spinal surgery treated with antibiotic-loaded PMMA.

A Rare Occurrence of Primarily Extranodal Spinal Epidural Lymphoma With Spinal Cord Compression and Invasion to the Thoracic Cavity.

A 41-year-old man suffered from progressive radiculomyelopathy caused by spinal epidural mass primarily encasing the spinal cord at the cervicothoracic vertebrae that extended into the thoracic cavity through the neural foramen. An urgent decompressive laminectomy and epidural tumor resection were performed to prevent neurological deterioration and effective spinal cord decompression. The histopathologic diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.