Consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of sclerosing diseases of the skin, Part 2: Scleromyxoedema and scleroedema.

The term 'sclerosing diseases of the skin' comprises specific dermatological entities, which have fibrotic changes of the skin in common. These diseases mostly manifest in different clinical subtypes according to cutaneous and extracutaneous involvement and can sometimes be difficult to distinguish from each other. The present consensus provides an update to the 2017 European Dermatology Forum Guidelines, focusing on characteristic clinical and histopathological features, diagnostic scores and the serum autoantibodies most useful for differential diagnosis.

Multi-objective Optimization of water resources in real time based on integration of NSGA-II and support vector machines.

One of the management strategies of water resources systems is the combination of simulation and optimization models to achieve the optimal policies of reservoir operation in the form of specific optimization. This study utilizes an integration of the NSGA-II multi-objective algorithm and WEAP simulator model so that the first objective is to maximize the reliability of providing the needs in front of the second goal, i.e.

Short Term and Long-Term Efficacy of Calcipotriene/ Betamethasone Dipropionate Foam Combination.

Psoriasis is a well-known chronic disease characterized by the development of erythematous, indurated, scaly, pruritic plaques on the skin with cycles of remission and symptom flare-ups. The management of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis has been more challenging since the Covid-19 pandemic as health care professionals have had to adapt to remote consultations for some patients, and patients have had to adapt to the changing health landscape. The rapid resolution of psoriasis symptoms especially those with a substantial impact on quality of life can improve patient satisfaction and adherence, making it an important factor in successful treatment.

The emerging role of mast cells in skin cancers: involved cellular and molecular mechanisms.

Skin cancers are the most common cancers worldwide. They can be divided into nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC) including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and less common lymphomas and merkel cell carcinoma, and melanomas. Melanomas comprise less than 5% of skin cancer rate but are responsible for more than 90% of skin cancer death.

Topical Treatment of Psoriasis Vulgaris: The Swiss Treatment Pathway.

Topical treatment is crucial for the successful management of plaque psoriasis. Topicals are used either as a stand-alone therapy for mild psoriasis or else in combination with UV or systemic treatment for moderate-to-severe disease. For the choice of a suitable topical treatment, the formulation matters and not just the active substances.

The attentive focus on T cell-mediated autoimmune pathogenesis of psoriasis, lichen planus and vitiligo.

T cell-mediated autoimmune skin diseases develop as a result of the aberrant immune response to the skin cells with T cells playing a central role. These chronic inflammatory skin diseases encompass various types including psoriasis, lichen planus and vitiligo. These diseases show similarities in their immune-pathophysiology.

General practice recommendations for the topical treatment of psoriasis: a modified-Delphi approach.

Background: Although GPs are usually the first port of call for patients with psoriasis, there is a lack of consistent and up-to-date clinical recommendations for interventions for patients with mild-to-moderate disease.

Aim: To provide practical recommendations for GPs to optimise psoriasis treatment with topical therapies in four key areas: patient identification; treatment decision making with topical theory; topical treatment outcomes; and optimising patient adherence.

Design & Setting: A consensus-seeking programme (modified-Delphi approach) was undertaken to assess the literature and develop recommendations for GPs, based on evidence and expert opinion.

Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate aerosol foam in the treatment of psoriasis: new perspectives for the use of an innovative topical treatment from real-life experience.

The fixed-dose combination of calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate (Cal/BD foam) in aerosol foam formulation is approved for the treatment of plaque psoriasis, and showed prompt onset of action, persistent efficacy and safety both in clinical trials and in real-life studies. The use of Cal/BD foam and its future perspectives of use were discussed during the symposium "Go beyond with topical treatment in psoriasis", held at the 2019 World Congress of Dermatology. We herein present the key topics of the symposium, namely the importance of Cal/BD foam in overcoming poor adherence, the possibility of a proactive (long-term) management of psoriasis and its potential role beyond mild psoriasis.

Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate aerosol foam for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris: case series and review of the literature.

An aerosol foam formulation of a once-daily, fixed-dose combination of a synthetic vitamin D analog/synthetic corticosteroid (calcipotriol [Cal] 50 µg/g and betamethasone dipropionate [BD] 0.5 mg/g) has recently been introduced for the topical treatment of plaque psoriasis in adults. Data from several sources - randomized controlled trials, case reports (as highlighted in this review), and real-world evidence (RWE) - underscore the considerable and rapid clinical response, effectiveness, and favorable safety and tolerability of Cal/BD aerosol foam in mild-to-moderate psoriatic patients previously treated with class 3 or 4 topical corticosteroids, in patients unsatisfied with ongoing phototherapy in combination with topical therapy and in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

Tumor-associated B-cells induce tumor heterogeneity and therapy resistance.

In melanoma, therapies with inhibitors to oncogenic BRAF are highly effective but responses are often short-lived due to the emergence of drug-resistant tumor subpopulations. We describe here a mechanism of acquired drug resistance through the tumor microenvironment, which is mediated by human tumor-associated B cells. Human melanoma cells constitutively produce the growth factor FGF-2, which activates tumor-infiltrating B cells to produce the growth factor IGF-1.

Implementation and evaluation of a rehabilitation concept in a patient suffering from Scleredema Adultorum Buschke: a case report.

Purpose: Scleredema Adultorum Buschke is a disorder manifesting indurations of the skin mostly followed by musculoskeletal impairment. Data regarding this fact are seldom found and documentation of functional outcome of physical therapies and modalities related to Scleredema Adultorum Buschke is fragmentary. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate and to document an effective concept of rehabilitation in a patient suffering from Scleredema Adultorum Buschke.

Identification of proteins derived from Listeria monocytogenes inducing human dendritic cell maturation.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that can promote antitumor immunity when pulsed with tumor antigens and then matured by stimulatory agents. Despite apparent progress in DC-based cancer immunotherapy, some discrepancies were reported in generating potent DCs. Listeria monocytogenes as an intracellular microorganism is able to effectively activate DCs through engaging pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs).

RanBP3 Regulates Melanoma Cell Proliferation via Selective Control of Nuclear Export.

Chromosome region maintenance 1-mediated nucleocytoplasmic transport has been shown as a potential anticancer target in various malignancies. However, the role of the most characterized chromosome region maintenance 1 cofactor ran binding protein 3 (RanBP3) in cancer cell biology has never been investigated. Utilizing a loss-of-function experimental setting in a vast collection of genetically varied melanoma cell lines, we observed the requirement of RanBP3 in melanoma cell proliferation and survival.

Case report: spontaneous rupture of spleen in patient with Plasmodium ovale malaria.

Malaria may lead to spontaneous splenic rupture as a rare but potentially lethal complication. Most frequently, this has been reported in patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, while other parasitic agents are less likely to be the cause.We report a 29-year-old British Caucasian, who after returning from a business trip in Democratic Republic Congo was diagnosed with tertian malaria caused by Plasmodium ovale.

Malignant syphilis in a HIV infected patient.

We present a 47 year old female white HIV-1 infected patient with multiple painless rupioid skin lesions, a CD4 count of 155 cells/mm3, positive syphilis serology and a histopathology conspicuous for malignant syphilis. She could be successfully treated with Benzathine-Benzylpenicillin (Retarpen®) 2,4 Mega I.E.

NVP-LDE225, a potent and selective SMOOTHENED antagonist reduces melanoma growth in vitro and in vivo.

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive cancers and its incidence is increasing worldwide. So far there are no curable therapies especially after metastasis. Due to frequent mutations in members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, this pathway is constitutively active in melanoma.

Chemokine overexpression in the skin by biolistic DNA delivery.

Chemokines are a family of small, secreted proteins that function in leukocyte and tumor cell trafficking and recruiting. CC chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21)/secondary lymphoid chemokine (SLC) belongs to the inflammatory subgroup of chemokines and is expressed by stromal cells in the T-cell-rich zones of peripheral lymph nodes, afferent lymphatic endothelial cells and high endothelial venules. CCR7 (both in human and mouse) and CXCR3 (in mouse) are expressed by the most potent antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells), naïve/central memory, and effector T cells, respectively.

Dual suppression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors CDKN2C and CDKN1A in human melanoma.

Resistance to BRAF(V600E) inhibitors is associated with reactivation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling at different levels in melanoma. To identify downstream effectors of MAPK signaling that could be used as potential additional therapeutic targets for BRAF(V600E) inhibitors, we used hTERT/CDK4R24C/p53DD-immortalized primary human melanocytes genetically modified to ectopically express BRAF ( V600E ) or NRAS ( G12D ) and observed induction of the AP-1 transcription factor family member c-Jun. Using a dominant negative approach, in vitro cell proliferation assays, western blots, and flow cytometry showed that MAPK signaling via BRAF(V600E) promotes melanoma cell proliferation at G1 through AP-1-mediated negative regulation of the INK4 family member, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (CDKN2C), and the CIP/KIP family member, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A).

Targeting CD20 in melanoma patients at high risk of disease recurrence.

Melanomas contain distinct cell subpopulations. Several of these subpopulations, including one expressing CD20, may harbor stem cell-like or tumor-initiating characteristics. We hypothesized that patients at high risk of disease recurrence could benefit from an adjuvant anti-CD20 therapy.