Structural mechanism of tapasin-mediated MHC-I peptide loading in antigen presentation.

Loading of MHC-I molecules with peptide by the catalytic chaperone tapasin in the peptide loading complex plays a critical role in antigen presentation and immune recognition. Mechanistic insight has been hampered by the lack of detailed structural information concerning tapasin-MHC-I. We present here crystal structures of human tapasin complexed with the MHC-I molecule HLA-B*44:05, and with each of two anti-tapasin antibodies.

Simultaneous portal and hepatic vein embolization is better than portal embolization or ALPPS for hypertrophy of future liver remnant before major hepatectomy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is the Achilles' heel of hepatic resection for colorectal liver metastases. The most commonly used procedure to generate hypertrophy of the functional liver remnant (FLR) is portal vein embolization (PVE), which does not always lead to successful hypertrophy. Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) has been proposed to overcome the limitations of PVE.

Genomic insights into rapid speciation within the world's largest tree genus Syzygium.

Species radiations, despite immense phenotypic variation, can be difficult to resolve phylogenetically when genetic change poorly matches the rapidity of diversification. Genomic potential furnished by palaeopolyploidy, and relative roles for adaptation, random drift and hybridisation in the apportionment of genetic variation, remain poorly understood factors. Here, we study these aspects in a model radiation, Syzygium, the most species-rich tree genus worldwide.

Contribution to the Erebidae fauna of the Great Nicobar Island, India with description of two new species (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea).

In the present paper, we describe two new species, Garudinia shompen sp. nov. (Arctiinae) and Plusiodonta nicobarensis sp.

Investigating structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of Co-doped and Co-X (X = Fe, Mn) co-doped MoS for optoelectronic applications.

We employ first-principle calculations to investigate structural, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of cobalt and Co-X (X = Fe, Mn) co-doped MoS. Result demonstrates that pure MoS is nonmagnetic, while Co and Co-Fe/Mn co-doping brings magnetism into MoS with magnetic moment values of 0 [Formula: see text], 2.022 [Formula: see text], 3.

Concrete Made with Dune Sand: Overview of Fresh, Mechanical and Durability Properties.

According to the authors' best information, the majority of research focuses on other waste materials, such as recycling industrial waste (glass, silica fume, marble and waste foundry sand), etc. However, some researchers suggest dune sand as an alternative material for concrete production, but knowledge is still scarce. Therefore, a comprehensive review is required on dune sand to evaluate its current progress as well as its effects on the strength and durability properties of concrete.

A time-series assessment of the productive and reproductive performance of Balochi sheep.

This study was carried out to find the environmental factors which have a significant effect on the productive and reproductive characteristics of the Balochi sheep. The study used data from 729 ewes and 71 rams for a period of 13 years (2003 to 2016) at the Sheep Research Center, Yet Abad, Balochistan, Pakistan. The productive characteristics considered for current study were weight, birth weight (BW), 90 days weight (3 MW), 180 days weight (6 MW), 270 days weight (9 MW), 365 days (12 MW), and 2 years weight (24 MW).

Vertical Scar Mastopexy With a Centrally Based Auto-Augmentation Flap.

The authors describe their technique for vertical scar mastopexy with a centrally based auto-augmentation flap. Since 2011, the authors have performed this procedure in 212 patients and found that this operative technique has allowed us to achieve reproducible aesthetic outcomes while minimizing complications. Vertical scar mastopexy with a centrally based auto-augmentation flap is an excellent procedure for patients with breast ptosis who desire improved breast shape and superior pole fullness without the use of a breast implant.

System level modeling and analysis of TNF- mediated sphingolipid signaling pathway in neurological disorders for the prediction of therapeutic targets.

Sphingomyelin (SM) belongs to a class of lipids termed sphingolipids. The disruption in the sphingomyelin signaling pathway is associated with various neurodegenerative disorders. TNF-, a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine generated in response to various neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS), is an eminent regulator of the sphingomyelin metabolic pathway.

Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with a Focus on Asian Indians Living in India and Abroad: A Systematic Review.

Background: Diabetes is a highly prevalent disease in the world. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing at an alarming rate due to rapid urbanization, migration, aging population, and lifestyle changes.

Introduction: We have summarized the global T2DM distribution in specific International Diabetes Federation (IDF)-defined regions and various countries and highlighted the high risk of T2DM prevalence in Asian Indians living in India and worldwide.

Ensemble learning-based IDS for sensors telemetry data in IoT networks.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a paradigm that connects a range of physical smart devices to provide ubiquitous services to individuals and automate their daily tasks. IoT devices collect data from the surrounding environment and communicate with other devices using different communication protocols such as CoAP, MQTT, DDS, etc. Study shows that these protocols are vulnerable to attack and prove a significant threat to IoT telemetry data.

Predicting Breast Cancer Leveraging Supervised Machine Learning Techniques.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of increasing deaths in women worldwide. The complex nature (microcalcification and masses) of breast cancer cells makes it quite difficult for radiologists to diagnose it properly. Subsequently, various computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have previously been developed and are being used to aid radiologists in the diagnosis of cancer cells.

Overview of Concrete Performance Made with Waste Rubber Tires: A Step toward Sustainable Concrete.

Utilizing scrap tire rubber by incorporating it into concrete is a valuable option. Many researchers are interested in using rubber tire waste in concrete. The possible uses of rubber tires in concrete, however, are dispersed and unclear.

Effect of Vitamin-D-Enriched Edible Mushrooms on Vitamin D Status, Bone Health and Expression of CYP2R1, CYP27B1 and VDR Gene in Wistar Rats.

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in India and worldwide. Mushrooms are important nutritional foods, and in this context shiitake (Lentinula edodes), button (Agaricus bisporus) and oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) mushrooms are known for their bioactive properties. The application of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for the production of substantial amounts of vitamin D2 is well established.

Investigation of Factors Influencing Formation of Nanoemulsion by Spontaneous Emulsification: Impact on Droplet Size, Polydispersity Index, and Stability.

Interest in nanoemulsion technology has increased steadily in recent years for its widespread applications in the delivery of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals. Rational selection of the composition and the preparation method is crucial for developing a stable nanoemulsion system with desired physicochemical characteristics. In the present study, we investigate the influence of intricate factors including composition and preparation conditions that affect characteristic parameters and the stability of the nanoemulsion formation prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method.

L-cysteine embedded core-shell ZnO microspheres composed of nanoclusters enhances anticancer activity against liver and breast cancer cells.

Nano-based products have become an apparent and effective option to treat liver cancer, which is a deadly disease, and minimize or eradicate these problems. The Core-shell ZnO microspheres composed of nanoclusters (ZnOMS-NCs) have shown that it is very worthwhile to administer the proliferation rate in HepG2 and MCF-7 cancer cells even at a very low concentration (5 μg/mL). ZnOMS-NCs were prepared through hydrothermal solution process and well characterized.

Receptor-Targeted Surface-Engineered Nanomaterials for Breast Cancer Imaging and Theranostic Applications.

Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women and the major cause of worldwide cancer-related deaths among women. Various treatment strategies including conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, gene silencing and deliberately engineered nanomaterials for receptor mediated targeted delivery of anticancer drugs, antibodies, and small-molecule inhibitors, etc are being investigated by scientists to combat breast cancer. Smartly designed/fabricated nanomaterials are being explored to target breast cancer through enhanced permeation and retention effect; and also, being conjugated with suitable ligand for receptor-mediated endocytosis to target breast cancer for diagnostic, and theranostic applications.

Oral Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir in Nonhospitalized Vaccinated Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Background: Treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir (NMV-r) in high-risk nonhospitalized unvaccinated patients reduced the risk of progression to severe disease. However, the potential benefits of NMV-r among vaccinated patients are unclear.

Methods: We conducted a comparative retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX research network.

Functional recoverability post-pyeloplasty in children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction and poorly functioning kidneys: Systematic review.

Background: The management of poorly functioning kidneys (PFK) associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is controversial. There is contradictory information about how to best manage these cases: pyeloplasty or nephrectomy?

Objective: To systematically summarize the available evidence concerning the effects of pyeloplasty on the differential renal function of PFK in children with unilateral UPJO, highlighting the ongoing challenges in their definition, management, and long-term follow-up. In addition, we aim to verify potential predictors of renal functional recoverability that could help clinicians choose candidates for pyeloplasty.

Corrigendum: What "Family Affair?" domestic violence awareness in China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.

Otolaryngology consultations for COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study of indications, interventions, and considerations.

Objective: To identify differences in inpatient otolaryngology consultations and interventions for patients based on COVID-19.

Methods: Records were reviewed for all patients for whom otolaryngology was consulted at a high-volume tertiary care hospital from April 30, 2020 to October 1, 2020. Demographic information, length of stay, COVID-19 status, indication for consultation, and otolaryngology interventions were recorded.

Three-Dimensional Printed Models to Accelerate Resident Surgical Learning Curve for Standard Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Techniques.

: Endoscopic sinus surgery presents significant visuospatial challenges to surgical trainees. We tested the utility of novel 3D printed models to simulate sinus surgery tasks to improve endoscopic skillsets in resident trainees. : This was a prospective quality improvement study of 10 ENT residents (PGY1-5).

It was the best of times, it was the worst of times: a tale of two cities-Beijing and Shanghai-why the divergent COVID-19 control outcomes?

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) both creates and complicates public health challenges. Yet, the pandemic also provides a unique lens for dissecting complex issues in global health that could benefit society in the long run. In this article, we discuss the underlying reasons that can help explain the divergent COVID-19 control outcomes between Beijing and Shanghai-two advanced metropolises that are similar in their municipal capacity, administrative capability and pandemic strategy.

Vaccines against chicken coccidiosis with particular reference to previous decade: progress, challenges, and opportunities.

Chicken coccidiosis is an economically significant disease of commercial chicken industry accounting for losses of more than £10.4 billion (according to 2016 prices). Additionally, the costs incurred in prophylaxis and therapeutics against chicken coccidiosis in developing countries (for instance Pakistan according to 2018 prices) reached US $45,000.

Study of genetic modifications of flower development and methylation status in phytoplasma infected Brassica (Brassica rapa L.).

Background: The plants of B. rapa (syn. B.