Escherichia coli virulence patterns may help to predict vesicoureteral reflux in paediatric urinary tract infections.

Aim: Ultrasound and biological tools are used to predict high-grade vesicoureteral reflux, but other markers are needed to better select patients who need voiding cystography. Our aim was to determine whether studying Escherichia coli virulence factors would help to predict vesicoureteral reflux in patients with their first acute pyelonephritis.

Methods: We included children presenting with E.