Sleep pattern and predictors of daily versus as-needed hypnotics use in middle-aged and older adults with insomnia.

Introduction: This study aims to examine the sleep pattern and predictors of daily vs. as-needed use of hypnotics in middle-aged and older adults with insomnia.

Methods: Patients aged 50-75 who use hypnotics for insomnia were identified via electronic medical records and were recruited.

Chronoamperometric determination of lead ions using PEDOT:PSS modified carbon electrodes.

A new simple chronoamperometry methodology was developed for the ultrasensitive determination of lead ions using a PEDOT:PSS coated graphite carbon electrode. The polymer was directly coated on a graphite carbon electrode and characterized using simple cycle voltammetric measurements. The presence of lead ions induced a cathodic peak starting at -550 ± 10 mV vs.