Replacement of Trypsin by Proteases for Medical Applications.

Background: Cell culture has a crucial role in many applications in biotechnology. The production of vaccines, recombinant proteins, tissue engineering, and stem cell therapy all need cell culture. Most of these activities needed adherent cells to move, which should be trypsinized several times until received on a large scale.

Diazinon degradation by bacterial endophytes in rice plant (Oryzia sativa L.): A possible reason for reducing the efficiency of diazinon in the control of the rice stem-borer.

It is well known that microorganisms can reduce the effectiveness of organophosphate pesticides after their application. But, little information is available concerning the effect of rice endophytic bacteria on the degradation of diazinon, an organophosphate pesticide used in control of the rice stem-borer, absorbed by the rice plant. Thus, aim of this study was to characterize the endophytic bacterial isolates, isolated from diazinon-treated and non-treated rice plants in paddy fields, in terms of diazinon degradation and to investigate whether potent isolates that degrade diazinon in vitro might have the same effect in the rice plant.

Effect of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria with multiple plant growth promoting traits on wheat growth.

The present study focused on the characterization of plant growth promoting rhizospheric (R) and endophytic (E) bacteria and their impact on wheat cultivars growth. In this study, 400 strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil (250 isolates) and surface-sterilized roots (150 isolates) of wheat and screened for their ability to plant growth promotion (PGP) traits. Four R isolates and four E isolates with different ability were selected to investigate the interaction between R and B bacteria associated with wheat cultivars under in vitro and greenhouse conditions.

Diazinon dissipation in pesticide-contaminated paddy soil: kinetic modeling and isolation of a degrading mixed bacterial culture.

Dissipation kinetics of diazinon was investigated in soils culled from a paddy field with a long history of the pesticide application. Goodness of fit statistical indices derived from several fitted mono- and bi-exponential kinetic models revealed a bi-phasic pattern of the diazinon dissipation curve at 15 and 150 mg kg spiking levels, which could be described best by the first-order double exponential decay (FODED) model. Parameters obtained from this model were able to describe the enhanced dissipation of diazinon as the result of repeated soil applications, where a larger fraction of the pesticide readily available in the solution phase was dissipated with a fast rate.