The Expression of PDL-1 and PD1 in the Microenvironment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objective: Immune checkpoint proteins, especially PD-1/PD-L1, play a vital role in controlling the intensity and duration of the immune response. However, cancer cells often over-expression PDL-1 on their surfaces, which leads to the permanent activation of the PD-1/PDL-1 pathway and exhaustion of T cells and creates a resistant tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to analyze PD-1, PD-L1 expression in tumor cells (PDL-1/TC) and in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (PDL-1/TILS) of OSCC patients and associated with and to correlate it with histologic grade of malignancy and clinicopathologic parameters.

A specific surgical procedure to remove the apices in the upper jaw.

This clinical case report focuses on a case of surgery performed on a patient with the aim of cutting the dental apices in the patient's upper jaw. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was used as a filling material, and monitoring the condition showed that the operation was successful.

Effectiveness of Two Intensity Levels of Diode Laser in Debonding Metallic Brackets Regarding Enamel Surface Integrity and Pulpal Temperature: An Ex-Vivo Study.

Introduction: The traditional methods of deboning metal brackets exert excessive force, resulting in enamel scratches, fractures, and patient discomfort. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using two intensity levels of a diode laser for debonding metallic orthodontic brackets as an alternative to the conventional debonding method.

Materials And Methods: Sixty intact, extracted human premolar teeth were used in this study, and metal orthodontic brackets were bonded to the buccal surface of these teeth.

Histopathological evaluation of pulp response to portland cement compared to MTA after primary canines pulpotomy (in vivo study).

Introduction: ECC (Early childhood caries) is very common in children. Because of the small size of primary anterior teeth, endodontic exposures occur early. Pulp tissue response after pulpotomy of primary anterior teeth by both MTA and Portland Cement is very important when pulp exposures occur in these teeth.

Marsupialization of a Large Dentigerous Cyst in the Mandible: A Case Report.

Dentigerous cysts (DCs) are one of the most common cysts in the oral and maxillofacial region, and they are often discovered by chance in young people. The methods of treatment differ according to the size they reach, but the prognosis and results of the treatment are generally good. DCs are often associated with impacted teeth, especially mandibular third molars and maxillary canines, and they are usually discovered when they reach large sizes or get infected after they have caused great absorption and destruction of the surrounding cortical bone and displacement in adjacent teeth.

The Apoptotic and Antiproliferative Effects of Capsaicin in the Developmental Stages of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Induced in Hamsters.

Background and aim Several epidemiological and experimental studies have approve that the vegetarian diet has an anticancer effect. Capsaicin is the active botanical ingredient found in red chili peppers. While the data strongly argue for the significant anticancer benefits of capsaicin, nevertheless, much information is required to shed light on the anticancer molecular mechanisms to improve knowledge and suggest potential therapeutic mechanisms for the use of capsaicin against cancer.

The Preventive Role of Pioglitazone in Glycerol-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats during Two Different Treatment Periods.

Background: Acute kidney injury is the most life-threatening complication of rhabdomyolysis. Glycerol is commonly used to induce this injury. The aim was to investigate the renoprotective effects of pioglitazone and the possible advantage of administering the drug for a longer period.