Publications by authors named "Ahamed Idris"
Aims: Alcohol consumption along with negative sequelae from excess alcohol intake increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the association between binge alcohol use and long-term functional outcomes among COVID-19-positive individuals.
Methods: Using a prospective, longitudinal, multisite cohort study design, we evaluated the association between binge alcohol use and mental and physical functional outcomes using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)-29 scores three and six months postinfection.
Article Synopsis
- * Resuscitation efforts for drowning victims must prioritize restoring breathing as well as circulation, with in-water rescue breathing followed by chest compressions once the victim is in a safe environment.
- * Recent updates to resuscitation guidelines for drowning, based on systematic reviews from 2021 to 2023, have been established by a committee of experts from the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Heart Association.
Drowning is the third leading cause of death from unintentional injury worldwide, accounting for 7% of all injury-related deaths. The World Health Organization estimates that there are ≈236 000 deaths due to drowning worldwide each year. Significant efforts have focused on creating systems to prevent drowning, but an average of 4000 fatal and 8000 nonfatal drownings still occur annually in the United States-likely an underestimate.
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- The research investigated the impact of the order in which vasopressors and advanced airway management are administered during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) on patient outcomes, specifically looking at data from the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial (PART).
- Out of 3,004 patients from the trial, the analysis focused on 2,404 individuals, finding no significant difference in survival rates or return of spontaneous circulation based on whether vasopressors or advanced airway interventions were performed first.
- The study concluded that the sequence of administering vasopressors and airway management did not affect patient outcomes or the quality of CPR delivered during resuscitation efforts.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates how race, ethnicity, and gender affect long-term health-related quality of life in individuals who tested positive for COVID-19, focusing on changes in well-being over a three-month period.
- Among COVID-19 positive participants, Black individuals showed better cognitive function and reduced fatigue compared to non-Hispanic Whites, while females and gender diverse groups reported worse overall well-being and less improvement in fatigue.
- The findings suggest that social constructs, such as race, ethnicity, and gender, play a significant role in COVID-19 health outcomes, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
While the early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the United States labor market are well-established, less is known about the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and Long COVID on employment. To address this gap, we analyzed self-reported data from a prospective, national cohort study to estimate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms at three months post-infection on missed workdays and return to work. The analysis included 2,939 adults in the Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry (INSPIRE) study who tested positive for their initial SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of enrollment, were employed before the pandemic, and completed a baseline and three-month electronic survey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Chronic symptoms reported following an infection with SARS-CoV-2, such as cognitive problems, overlap with symptoms included in the definition of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS).
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of ME/CFS-like illness subsequent to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, changes in ME/CFS symptoms through 12 months of follow-up, and the association of ME/CFS symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 test results at the acute infection-like index illness.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, multisite, longitudinal cohort study (Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry [INSPIRE]) enrolled participants from December 11, 2020, to August 29, 2022.
Importance: While widely measured, the time-varying association between exhaled end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) outcomes is unclear.
Objective: To evaluate temporal associations between EtCO2 and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial (PART).
Design, Setting, And Participants: This study was a secondary analysis of a cluster randomized trial performed at multicenter emergency medical services agencies from the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium.
Background: In the prehospital tranexamic acid (TXA) for traumatic brain injury (TBI) trial, TXA administered within 2 hours of injury in the out-of-hospital setting did not reduce mortality in all patients with moderate/severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). We examined the association between TXA dosing arms, neurologic outcome, and mortality in patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) on computed tomography (CT).
Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the Prehospital Tranexamic Acid for TBI Trial ( ClinicalTrials.
Introduction: Data on ethnic and racial differences in symptoms and health-related impacts following SARS-CoV-2 infection are limited. We aimed to estimate the ethnic and racial differences in symptoms and health-related impacts 3 and 6 months after the first SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Methods: Participants included adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection enrolled in a prospective multicenter US study between 12/11/2020 and 7/4/2022 as the primary cohort of interest, as well as a SARS-CoV-2-negative cohort to account for non-SARS-CoV-2-infection impacts, who completed enrollment and 3-month surveys ( = 3,161; 2,402 SARS-CoV-2-positive, 759 SARS-CoV-2-negative).
Article Synopsis
- * An analysis of 1,019 pediatric OHCA encounters revealed that 60% of patients suffered at least one severe ASE, with neonates being the most affected group.
- * The research found a strong association between younger age and higher incidence of severe ASEs, particularly in cases related to birth, emphasizing the need for improved protocols in pediatric emergency care.
Background: Few studies have measured ventilation during early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) before advanced airway placement. Resuscitation guidelines recommend pauses after every 30 chest compressions to deliver ventilations. The effectiveness of bag-valve-mask ventilation delivered during the pause in chest compressions is unknown.
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- Analysts studied data from the INSPIRE registry to understand post-COVID conditions and how symptoms progress, resolve, and reemerge after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- They examined self-reported symptoms from 1,296 adults over 12 months, finding a significant decrease in symptoms at the 3-month follow-up for both COVID test-positive (from 98.4% to 48.2%) and test-negative (from 88.2% to 36.6%) participants.
- The study revealed that symptoms can persist or reappear for up to a year after COVID-like illness, suggesting these symptoms are not only related to COVID-19 but can be associated with other illnesses as well, aiding healthcare providers in
Article Synopsis
- Researchers studied persistent symptoms in adults after SARS-CoV-2 infection, focusing on the types of symptoms present at 3 and 6 months post-infection using latent class analysis.* -
- The study included nearly 6,000 participants, identifying four distinct symptom groups; notably, most had minimal symptoms after 3 and 6 months, while COVID-positive individuals showed higher instances of taste/smell loss and cognitive issues.* -
- Results suggest that symptom patterns can change over time, indicating that the experience of post-COVID symptoms may be more dynamic than originally thought, with many patients shifting between symptom groups.*
Background: While prior work examining severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern focused on hospitalization and death, less is known about differences in clinical presentation. We compared the prevalence of acute symptoms across pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron.
Methods: We conducted an analysis of the Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry (INSPIRE), a cohort study enrolling symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive participants.
Feedback on ventilation could help improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, current technology that monitors ventilation during OHCA is very limited. Thoracic impedance (TI) is sensitive to air volume changes in the lungs, allowing ventilations to be identified, but is affected by artifacts due to chest compressions and electrode motion.
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- Chest compressions (CC) quality during CPR often falls short of guidelines, particularly as fatigue sets in over time.
- This study examines how the duration of CPR affects the performance of continuous CCs by firefighters using feedback devices, analyzing data from 134 cardiac arrest cases.
- Results showed a significant decrease in CC depth over two minutes, with a mean depth of 48 mm, but the compression rate remained stable; only about one-third of patients received CC depth within the recommended range.
Article Synopsis
- A study examined the prevalence of prolonged symptoms in COVID-19 patients three months after infection, focusing on three variant periods: pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron.
- Almost 20% of COVID-positive participants experienced prolonged symptoms, with those infected pre-Delta showing the most severe fatigue and symptoms compared to Delta and Omicron cohorts.
- However, when considering vaccination status, the significant differences in symptoms across variant periods diminished, indicating vaccination may play a protective role against long-term effects.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to understand the long-term symptoms of COVID-19 in adults, comparing those who tested positive (COVID+) to those who tested negative (COVID-).
- Results showed that about half of the COVID+ participants still reported at least one symptom 3 months after infection, while only about a quarter of COVID- participants did. Symptoms included respiratory, musculoskeletal, and gastrointestinal issues.
- The findings emphasize the ongoing impact of SARS-CoV-2 and the need for further research on the prevalence and management of long-term symptoms in both groups.
Objective: Ventilation control is important during resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We compared different methods for calculating ventilation rates (VR) during OHCA.
Methods: We analyzed data from the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial, identifying ventilations through capnogram recordings.
Importance: Long-term sequelae after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection may impact well-being, yet existing data primarily focus on discrete symptoms and/or health care use.
Objective: To compare patient-reported outcomes of physical, mental, and social well-being among adults with symptomatic illness who received a positive vs negative test result for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was a planned interim analysis of an ongoing multicenter prospective longitudinal registry study (the Innovative Support for Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry [INSPIRE]).
Article Synopsis
- A study analyzed the use of early coronary angiography (CAG) for patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), revealing inconsistent results in previous studies and a lack of real-world data on its application.
- In a trial involving over 26,000 patients, it was found that about 26% of those who survived to hospital admission received CAG, with significantly higher rates for patients showing ST-elevation or shockable rhythms.
- The research highlighted substantial variation in CAG usage across different regions, underscoring the uncertainty about the benefits of early CAG for OHCA patients.
Objective: We sought to evaluate the utility and validity of ICU-free days and ventilator-free days as candidate outcomes for OHCA trials.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial. We determined ICU-free (days alive and out of ICU during the first 30 days) and ventilator-free days (days alive and without mechanical ventilation).
Background: We sought to describe ventilation rates during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation and their associations with airway management strategy and outcomes.
Methods: We analyzed continuous end-tidal carbon dioxide capnography data from adult OHCA enrolled in the Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial (PART). Using automated signal processing techniques, we determined continuous ventilation rates for consecutive 10-second epochs after airway insertion.