Maternal mental health and child nutritional status in an urban slum in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

Poor mental health may diminish a mother's capacity to adequately care for her child, resulting in a negative impact on the child's nutrition. This study aims to determine the association between maternal mental health and child nutritional status in a poor urban population in Bangladesh. We carried out a cross-sectional study among 264 mother-child pairs in an urban slum area of Bangladesh.

The ability of non-physician health workers to identify chest indrawing to detect pneumonia in children below five years of age in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Non-physician health workers play a vital role in diagnosing and treating pneumonia in children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Chest indrawing is a key indicator for pneumonia diagnosis, signifying the severity of the disease. We conducted this systematic review to summarize the evidence on non-physician health workers' ability to identify chest indrawing to detect pneumonia in children below five years of age in LMICs.

Accuracy of Mid-Upper Arm Circumference for Detecting Acute Malnutrition in Children Aged 6-59 Months in an Urban Slum in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background The weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) is considered the gold standard for detecting acute malnutrition in children. However, an accurate assessment of WHZ can often be challenging, especially in community settings. Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is a simple and easy-to-perform method to identify children with acute malnutrition.

Developing a video expert panel as a reference standard to evaluate respiratory rate counting in paediatric pneumonia diagnosis: protocol for a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Manual counting of respiratory rate (RR) in children is challenging for health workers and can result in misdiagnosis of pneumonia. Some novel RR counting devices automate the counting of RR and classification of fast breathing. The absence of an appropriate reference standard to evaluate the performance of these devices is a challenge.

Digital auscultation as a diagnostic aid to detect childhood pneumonia: A systematic review.

Background: Frontline health care workers use World Health Organization Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) guidelines for child pneumonia care in low-resource settings. IMCI guideline pneumonia diagnostic criterion performs with low specificity, resulting in antibiotic overtreatment. Digital auscultation with automated lung sound analysis may improve the diagnostic performance of IMCI pneumonia guidelines.

Lessons learned from a delayed diagnosis of atrioesophageal fistula: A multidisciplinary approach.

Atrioesophageal fistulas are a rare complication of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) that requires rapid identification and emergent surgical repair to prevent morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a 32-year-old man with atrial fibrillation presenting with chest pain followed by rapidly progressive sepsis and embolic cerebrovascular accident 23 days after RFA. Subtle initially overlooked findings on multiple computed tomography caused a delay in diagnosis.

A Case of Brain Tuberculosis With an Unusual Presentation Mimicking Viral Fever During a Dengue Outbreak in Bangladesh.

Both dengue and tuberculosis are endemic in South Asian countries, including Bangladesh. Here we report an interesting case presenting as suspected dengue fever and eventually diagnosed as a case of brain tuberculosis. A 27-year-old immunocompetent male presented to us with fever, headache, retro-orbital pain, and photophobia for five days.

Digital auscultation as a novel childhood pneumonia diagnostic tool for community clinics in Sylhet, Bangladesh: protocol for a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The WHO's Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) algorithm for diagnosis of child pneumonia relies on counting respiratory rate and observing respiratory distress to diagnose childhood pneumonia. IMCI case defination for pneumonia performs with high sensitivity but low specificity, leading to overdiagnosis of child pneumonia and unnecessary antibiotic use. Including lung auscultation in IMCI could improve specificity of pneumonia diagnosis.

A Rare Case of Severe Neutropenia Due to Chikungunya Fever Which Improved With Filgrastim.

Chikungunya fever is a re-emerging viral illness affecting different parts of the world. Most patients recover without any serious complications. Here, we present a rare case of chikungunya fever with severe neutropenia and moderate thrombocytopenia.

Proximal Myopathy With Hypercalcemic Crisis and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a 38-Year-Old Female.

Although proximal myopathy is a well-known manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP), it is usually not the first one. Here, we present the case of a 38-year-old female who presented to the neurology outpatient department with proximal myopathy as the presenting feature of PHP along with a hypercalcemic crisis. Her serum calcium and intact parathyroid hormone levels were very high.

Adverse Events Following COVISHIELD Vaccination Among Adult Population in Bangladesh.

The study aimed to determine how frequently the adverse events of the COVISHIELD vaccine occur among the Bangladeshi population. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sheikh Russel Gastroliver Institute and Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh, in May 2021. The inclusion criteria were the adult populations who received the 2nd dose of the COVISHELD vaccine and had passed 28 days following the completion of the 2nd dose.

Polyphenol-rich leaf of Aphanamixis polystachya averts liver inflammation, fibrogenesis and oxidative stress in ovariectomized Long-Evans rats.

Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) R.Parker, locally known as Pithraj, is a medicinal herb having enormous traditional applications.

Safety of Single Stage Revision Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Compared to Laparoscopic Roux-Y Gastric Bypass after Failed Gastric Banding.

Background: Reoperation, after failed gastric banding, is a controversial topic. A common approach is band removal with conversion to laparoscopic Roux-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in a single-step procedure.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the safety of revisional surgery to LSG compared to LRYGB after failed laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) based on MBSAQIP Participant User File from 2015 to 2018.

Role of Personal Protective Measures in Prevention of COVID-19 Spread Among Physicians in Bangladesh: a Multicenter Cross-Sectional Comparative Study.

This study aims to determine the role of personal protective measures in the prevention of COVID-19 spread among the physicians working at different health facilities in Bangladesh. This hospital-based cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from May to June 2020. A total of 98 COVID-19 positive physicians and 92 COVID-19 negative physicians (physicians with no symptoms of COVID-19 or who tested negative) were enrolled.

Effectiveness of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against radiographic pneumonia among children in rural Bangladesh: A case-control study.

Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) effectiveness against radiographic pneumonia in South Asia is unknown. Bangladesh introduced PCV10 in 2015 using a three dose primary series (3 + 0). We sought to measure PCV10 effectiveness for two or more vaccine doses on radiographic pneumonia among vaccine-eligible children in rural Bangladesh.

Implementation research to support Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to implement its national guidelines for management of infections in young infants in two rural districts.

Background: World Health Organization revised the global guidelines for management of possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) in young infants to recommend the use of simplified antibiotic therapy in settings where access to hospital care is not possible. The Bangladesh Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), Government of Bangladesh (GOB) adopted these guidelines, allowing treatment at first-level facilities. During the first year of implementation, the Projahnmo Study Group and USAID/MaMoni Health Systems Strengthening (HSS) Project supported the MoHFW to operationalize the new guidelines and conducted an implementation research study in selected districts to assess challenges and identify solutions to facilitate scale-up across the country.

Prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among adults in rural Sylhet district of Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Low-income and middle-income countries are undergoing epidemiological transition, however, progression is varied. Bangladesh is simultaneously experiencing continuing burden of communicable diseases and emerging burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). For effective use of limited resources, an increased understanding of the shifting burden and better characterisation of risk factors of NCDs, including hypertension is needed.

Chest radiograph reading panel performance in a Bangladesh pneumococcal vaccine effectiveness study.

Introduction: To evaluate WHO chest radiograph interpretation processes during a pneumococcal vaccine effectiveness study of children aged 3-35 months with suspected pneumonia in Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Methods: Eight physicians masked to all data were standardised to WHO methodology and interpreted chest radiographs between 2015 and 2017. Each radiograph was randomly assigned to two primary readers.

Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine impact assessment in Bangladesh.

The study examines the impact of the introduction of 10-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV10) into Bangladesh's national vaccine program. PCV10 is administered to children under 1 year-old; the scheduled ages of administration are at 6, 10, and 18 weeks. The study is conducted in ~770,000 population containing ~90,000 <5 children in Sylhet, Bangladesh and has five objectives: 1) To collect data on community-based pre-PCV incidence rates of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) in 0-59 month-old children in Sylhet, Bangladesh; 2) To evaluate the effectiveness of PCV10 introduction on Vaccine Type (VT) IPD in 3-59 month-old children using an incident case-control study design.

Advantages of Molecular Weight Identification during Native MS Screening.

Native mass spectrometry detection of ligand-protein complexes allowed rapid detection of natural product binders of apo and calcium-bound S100A4 (a member of the metal binding protein S100 family), T cell/transmembrane, immunoglobulin (Ig), and mucin protein 3, and T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif) domains precursor protein from extracts and fractions. Based on molecular weight common hits were detected binding to all four proteins. Seven common hits were identified as apigenin 6----glucoside 8----arabinoside, sweroside, 4',5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone-6--rutinoside, loganin acid, 6--glucosylnaringenin, biochanin A 7--rutinoside and quercetin 3--rutinoside.

Parenchymal asbestosis due to primary asbestos exposure among ship-breaking workers: report of the first cases from Bangladesh.

We report for the first time asbestosis among ship-breaking workers of Sitakunda in Bangladesh who were exposed to asbestos during ship-based and beach-based operations for at least 10 years. Asbestosis was present among 35% of workers. Years of work (>20) and forced vital capacity (<80% of predicted) were significantly associated with the disease.

Basic occupational health services (BOHS) in community primary care: the MSF (Dhaka) model.

The Médecins Sans Frontiérs (MSF) established basic occupational health services to diagnose and treat work-related diseases among tannery, metal, plastics and garment workers and families in one of the more polluted areas of the world populated by 600 000 people. In spite of project limitations, an analysis of the 6-month data showed that of the original cohort of 5000, 3200 (64%) came for at least 1 consultation. Among them, 468 (14.

Maternal common mental disorders and associated factors: a cross-sectional study in an urban slum area of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Background: Poor maternal mental health has a negative impact on child growth and development. The objective of the study was to find out the associated factors of maternal common mental disorders (CMD) in an urban slum area of Bangladesh.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from September to November 2013 among conveniently selected 264 mothers having under-five children at Kamrangirchar area of Dhaka.