Effects of nicotine on bone during orthodontic tooth movement in male rats. Histological and immunohistochemical study.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of nicotine on orthodontic tooth movement and accompanying histological and immunohistochemical changes in rats.

Methods: An experimental study conducted at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between 2013 and 2014. Thirty-two rats randomly divided into 4 groups.