Effect of intraoperative magnesium sulphate on acute kidney injury following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis.

Although intraoperative magnesium sulphate administration has various advantages, its influence on the occurrence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear, particularly in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). The steep Trendelenburg position and a high intra-abdominal pressure can render patients susceptible to AKI after surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intraoperative magnesium sulphate administration on postoperative AKI in patients who underwent RARP.

Effect of remimazolam on intraoperative hemodynamic stability in patients undergoing cerebrovascular bypass surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: Maintenance of stable blood pressure (BP) during cerebrovascular bypass surgery is crucial to prevent cerebral ischemia. We compared the effect of remimazolam anesthesia with that of propofol-induced and desflurane-maintained anesthesia on intraoperative hemodynamic stability and the need for vasoactive agents in patients undergoing cerebrovascular bypass surgery.

Methods: Sixty-five patients were randomized into remimazolam (n = 31, remimazolam-based intravenous anesthesia) and control groups (n = 34, propofol-induced and desflurane-maintained anesthesia).

Reduction of postoperative pain and opioid consumption by VVZ-149, first-in-class analgesic molecule: A confirmatory phase 3 trial of laparoscopic colectomy.

Study Objective: VVZ-149 is a small molecule that inhibits the glycine transporter type 2 and the serotonin receptor 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 A. In this Phase 3 study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of VVZ-149 as a single-use injectable analgesic for treating moderate to severe postoperative pain after laparoscopic colectomy.

Design: Randomized, parallel group, double-blind, Phase 3 clinical trial (Trial no.

Goal-directed fluid therapy on the postoperative complications of laparoscopic hepatobiliary or pancreatic surgery: An interventional comparative study.

Background: Intraoperative fluid balance significantly affects patients' outcomes. Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) has reduced the incidence of major postoperative complications by 20% for 30 days after open abdominal surgery. Little is known about GDFT during laparoscopic surgery.

The Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on Early Clinical Outcomes in Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of volatile anesthesia (VA) on early clinical outcomes in liver transplantation.

Methods: We searched electronic databases to identify relevant studies comparing VA to non-VA in liver transplant recipients. The primary outcome assessed was early allograft dysfunction (EAD), and secondary outcomes were postoperative peak liver function tests (LFT) including aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and hospitalization time.

Assessment of machine learning classifiers for predicting intraoperative blood transfusion in non-cardiac surgery.

Background: This study aimed to develop a machine learning classifier for predicting intraoperative blood transfusion in non-cardiac surgeries.

Methods: Preoperative data from 6255 patients were extracted from the VitalDB database, an open-source registry. The primary outcome was the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of ML classifiers in predicting intraoperative blood transfusion, defined as the receipt of at least one unit of packed red blood cells.

Is quantitative neuromuscular monitoring mandatory after administration of the recommended dose of sugammadex? A prospective observational study.

Background: Some anaesthetists wonder whether confirming a train-of-four ratio (TOFR) ≥0.9 is necessary when using sugammadex to antagonise neuromuscular blockade (NMB). In this study, we aimed to determine whether using sugammadex at the recommended dose under neuromuscular monitoring (NMM) would ensure complete recovery, even without further NMM.

The therapeutic effect of DX2 inhibition in nicotine-induced lung cancer progression.

Alternative splicing products of AIMP2 and AIMP2-DX2 (DX2) have been reported to be associated with human lung cancer. In fact, DX2 expression is elevated in human lung cancers, and DX2 transgenic mice also develop lung cancer, in particular small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, the mechanism by which DX2 is induced during cancer progression has not been clearly elucidated.

Predicting stroke volume variation using central venous pressure waveform: a deep learning approach.

. This study evaluated the predictive performance of a deep learning approach to predict stroke volume variation (SVV) from central venous pressure (CVP) waveforms..

Modified Thoracoabdominal Nerves Block Through Perichondral Approach: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of the modified thoracoabdominal nerve block through the perichondral approach (M-TAPA) in abdominal surgeries.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: We searched electronic databases to identify relevant studies comparing M-TAPA with conventional analgesic techniques.

Effect of the alveolar recruitment maneuver during laparoscopic colorectal surgery on postoperative pulmonary complications: A randomized controlled trial.

Intraoperative lung-protective ventilation, including low tidal volume and positive end-expiratory pressure, reduces postoperative pulmonary complications. However, the effect and specific alveolar recruitment maneuver method are controversial. We investigated whether the intraoperative intermittent recruitment maneuver further reduced postoperative pulmonary complications while using a lung-protective ventilation strategy.

Role of oxygen reserve index monitoring in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a common surgical procedure for the treatment of prostate cancer. Although beneficial, it can lead to intraoperative hypoxia due to high-pressure pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg position. This study explored the use of oxygen reserve index (ORi) to monitor and predict hypoxia during RARP.

Remimazolam to prevent hemodynamic instability during catheter ablation under general anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Maintaining hemodynamic stability during cardiac ablation under general anesthesia is challenging. Remimazolam, a novel ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine, is characterized by maintaining comparatively stable blood pressure and does not influence the cardiac conduction system, which renders it a reasonable choice for general anesthesia for cardiac ablation. We aimed to evaluate whether remimazolam is associated with a decreased incidence of intraoperative hypotension compared with desflurane.

Relationship between muscle mass ratio and rocuronium dose required for maintaining deep neuromuscular blockade: A prospective observational study.

Background: Deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB) has benefits in various surgical procedures, however, precise quantitative neuromuscular monitoring is crucial for its proper maintenance and recovery. Neuromuscular blocking agent dosage relies on actual body weight (ABW), but this varies among individuals. Therefore, this study hypothesizes that there is a correlation between the rocuronium requirement for deep NMB and muscle mass ratio measured by bioelectric impedance analysis.

Machine learning model of facial expression outperforms models using analgesia nociception index and vital signs to predict postoperative pain intensity: a pilot study.

Background: Few studies have evaluated the use of automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based pain recognition in postoperative settings or the correlation with pain intensity. In this study, various machine learning (ML)-based models using facial expressions, the analgesia nociception index (ANI), and vital signs were developed to predict postoperative pain intensity, and their performances for predicting severe postoperative pain were compared.

Methods: In total, 155 facial expressions from patients who underwent gastrectomy were recorded postoperatively; one blinded anesthesiologist simultaneously recorded the ANI score, vital signs, and patient self-assessed pain intensity based on the 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS).

Artificial intelligence model predicting postoperative pain using facial expressions: a pilot study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess whether an artificial intelligence model based on facial expressions can accurately predict significant postoperative pain.

Methods: A total of 155 facial expressions from patients who underwent gastric cancer surgery were analyzed to extract facial action units (AUs), gaze, landmarks, and positions. These features were used to construct various machine learning (ML) models, designed to predict significant postoperative pain intensity (NRS ≥ 7) from less significant pain (NRS < 7).

Postoperative analgesic effects of the quadratus lumborum block in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: This study assessed the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of the quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in pediatric patients.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched for studies comparing the QLB to conventional analgesic techniques in pediatric patients. The primary outcome was the need for rescue analgesia 12 and 24 hours after surgery.

Precipitation of sugammadex with nicardipine and labetalol: A laboratory research.

There is a paucity of clinical data about whether sugammadex forms precipitates with other medications. This laboratory experimental study was performed to determine the drugs that produce precipitates with sugammadex. Samples of 1 ml of sugammadex were prepared in transparent cylinders, to which 1 ml of test drugs (rocuronium, neostigmine, glycopyrrolate, atropine, nitroglycerin, dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine, vasopressin, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, ephedrine, esmolol, nicardipine, and labetalol) was added.

The Involvement of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in the Development of Hyperalgesia during the Early Postoperative Period.

Introduction: Hyperalgesia frequently occurs after surgery and is associated with adverse effects on surgical outcomes. Thus, we aimed to examine whether the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function after surgery is involved in the development of postoperative hyperalgesia.

Methods: Surgery- and pain-related variables were measured 24 and 48 h after the first and second total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) in postmenopausal patients undergoing 1-week-interval staged bilateral TKA.

Effect of Dexmedetomidine Compared to Remifentanil During Bariatric Surgery on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: a Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) occurs frequently after bariatric surgery and is a major cause of adverse outcomes. This retrospective study investigated whether opioid-restricted total intravenous anesthesia using dexmedetomidine as a substitute for remifentanil can reduce PONV in bariatric surgery.

Materials And Methods: The electronic medical records of adult patients who underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery between January and December 2019 were reviewed.

Effects of Anesthetic Technique on the Occurrence of Acute Kidney Injury after Spine Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

The effects of anesthetics on acute kidney injury (AKI) after spine surgery have not been evaluated fully. This study compared propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and volatile anesthetics in the development of AKI after spine surgery. This retrospective study reviewed patients who underwent spine surgery between 2015 and 2019.

Standard digit-based versus 90° rotation technique for supraglottic airway device insertion: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Prompt insertion and placement of supraglottic airway (SGA) devices in the correct position are required to secure the airway. This meta-analysis was performed to validate the usefulness of the 90° rotation technique as compared with the standard digit-based technique for the insertion of SGA devices in anesthetized patients in terms of insertion success rate, insertion time, and postoperative complications.

Methods: A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted.

Effects of depth of neuromuscular blockade on the BIS-guided propofol requirement: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Deep neuromuscular blockade is considered beneficial for improving the surgical space condition during laparoscopic surgery. Adequacy of the surgical space condition may affect the anesthetists' decision regarding titration of depth of anesthesia. We investigated whether deep neuromuscular blockade reduces the propofol requirement under bispectral index monitoring compared to moderate neuromuscular blockade.