Adult Child Financial Disadvantage and the Cognitive Trajectories Among Older Parents in the United States.

Objectives: Adult child socioeconomic status (SES) has been identified as a predictor of older parents' cognitive aging. However, studies have primarily relied on educational attainment as the sole measure of adult child SES. We evaluated the relationship between adult children's financial disadvantage and cognitive outcomes of older parents in the United States.

State home and community-based services expenditures and unmet care needs in the United States: Has everyone benefitted equally?

Objective: To test whether the impacts of Medicaid's Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS) expenditures have been equitable.

Data Sources And Study Setting: This is a secondary data analysis. We linked annual data on state-level Medicaid HCBS expenditures with individual data from U.

Orai1 is an Entotic Ca Channel for Non-Apoptotic Cell Death, Entosis in Cancer Development.

Entosis is a non-apoptotic cell death process that forms characteristic cell-in-cell structures in cancers, killing invading cells. Intracellular Ca dynamics are essential for cellular processes, including actomyosin contractility, migration, and autophagy. However, the significance of Ca and Ca channels participating in entosis is unclear.

Human coronavirus 3CL proteases cleave septins and disrupt Hedgehog signaling, causing ciliary dysfunction.

Coronaviruses target ciliate cells causing the loss of cilia, acute rhinorrheas, and other ciliopathies. The loss of ciliary function may help the virus infect, replicate, and spread. However, the molecular mechanisms by which coronaviruses cause ciliary defects are still unclear.

Lymphoid Lineage γδ T Cells Were Successfully Generated from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells via Hemogenic Endothelium.

γδ T cells are a rare and unique prototype of T cells that share properties with natural killer cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Although many studies have revealed the function and importance of adult-derived γδ T cells in cancer biology and regenerative medicine, the low numbers of these cells hamper their application as therapeutic cell sources in the clinic. To solve this problem, pluripotent stem cell-derived γδ T cells are considered alternative cell sources; however, few studies have reported the generation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived γδ T cells.

Antifungal Effect of Nanoparticles against COVID-19 Linked Black Fungus: A Perspective on Biomedical Applications.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible and pathogenic coronavirus that has caused a 'coronavirus disease 2019' (COVID-19) pandemic in multiple waves, which threatens human health and public safety. During this pandemic, some patients with COVID-19 acquired secondary infections, such as mucormycosis, also known as black fungus disease. Mucormycosis is a serious, acute, and deadly fungal infection caused by Mucorales-related fungal species, and it spreads rapidly.

Knockdown of vps54 aggravates tamoxifen-induced cytotoxicity in fission yeast.

Tamoxifen (TAM) is an anticancer drug used to treat estrogen receptor (ER)‒positive breast cancer. However, its ER-independent cytotoxic and antifungal activities have prompted debates on its mechanism of action. To achieve a better understanding of the ER-independent antifungal action mechanisms of TAM, we systematically identified TAM-sensitive genes through microarray screening of the heterozygous gene deletion library in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe).

Metastasis enhancer PGRMC1 boosts store-operated Ca entry by uncoiling Ca sensor STIM1 for focal adhesion turnover and actomyosin formation.

Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), the overexpression of which reduces survivability of cancer patients, is essential for cell migration and metastasis. However, the intracellular signaling pathways involved are largely unknown. Here, we report that PGRMC1 promotes store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) as a functional interactor of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1).

The Effect of Excessive Sulfate in the Li-Ion Battery Leachate on the Properties of Resynthesized Li[NiCoMn]O.

In order to examine the effect of excessive sulfate in the leachate of spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs), LiNiCoMnO (pristine NCM) and sulfate-containing LiNiCoMnO (NCMS) are prepared by a co-precipitation method. The crystal structures, morphology, surface species, and electrochemical performances of both cathode active materials are studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and charge-discharge tests. The XRD patterns and XPS results identify the presence of sulfate groups on the surface of NCMS.

Prevention of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency in mice by scaffold-based local delivery of human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells.

Background: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one of the most serious side effects of chemotherapy in young cancer survivors. It may not only reduce fecundity but also affect lifelong health. There is no standard therapy for preserving ovarian health after chemotherapy.

Genome stabilization by RAD51-stimulatory compound 1 enhances efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer-mediated reprogramming and full-term development of cloned mouse embryos.

Objectives: The genetic instability and DNA damage arise during transcription factor-mediated reprogramming of somatic cells, and its efficiency may be reduced due to abnormal chromatin remodelling. The efficiency in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)-mediated reprogramming is also very low, and it is caused by development arrest of most reconstituted embryos.

Materials And Methods: Whether the repair of genetic instability or double-strand breaks (DSBs) during SCNT reprogramming may play an important role in embryonic development, we observed and analysed the effect of Rad 51, a key modulator of DNA damage response (DDR) in SCNT-derived embryos.

The difference in sleep, depression, anxiety, and Internet addiction between Korean adolescents with different circadian preference.

Objectives: Compared to adults, adolescents tend to prefer evening times developmentally. The orientation toward evening times is associated with behavioral and emotional problems. Thus, this study examined the association of circadian preference with sleep-related variables, depression, anxiety, and Internet addiction in Korean adolescents.

Systematic Target Screening Revealed That Tif302 Could Be an Off-Target of the Antifungal Terbinafine in Fission Yeast.

We used a heterozygous gene deletion library of fission yeasts comprising all essential and non-essential genes for a microarray screening of target genes of the antifungal terbinafine, which inhibits ergosterol synthesis via the Erg1 enzyme. We identified 14 heterozygous strains corresponding to 10 non-essential [7 ribosomal-protein (RP) coding genes, , , and ] and 4 essential genes (, , , and ). Expectedly, their mRNA and protein levels had decreased compared to the control strain SP286.

Improvement of Inflammation through Antioxidant Pathway of Gardeniae Fructus 50% EtOH Extract (GE) from Acute Reflux Esophagitis Rats.

Gardeniae Fructus 50% EtOH extract (GE) is a traditional herb that has been used to treat a variety of diseases. In this study, we investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties of GE on acute reflux-induced esophagitis (RE) model in rats. 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays were performed to determine the antioxidant activity of GE.

The inactivation domain of STIM1 acts through intramolecular binding to the coiled-coil domain in the resting state.

Store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) is a major Ca influx pathway that is controlled by the ER Ca sensor STIM1. Abnormal activation of STIM1 directly influences Ca influx, resulting in severe diseases such as Stormorken syndrome. The inactivation domain of STIM1 (IDstim) has been identified as being essential for Ca-dependent inactivation of STIM1 (CDI) after SOCE occurs.

TOMM20 as a potential therapeutic target of colorectal cancer.

Translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOMM20) plays an essential role as a receptor for proteins targeted to mitochondria. TOMM20 was shown to be overexpressed in various cancers. However, the oncological function and therapeutic potential for TOMM20 in cancer remains largely unexplored.

Improvement of Ohmic Contact Between the Indium Tin Oxide and Copper-Plated Contact of Solar Cells by Using the Cu-Sn Alloy Film.

Copper plating has been considered as a future metallization technique to reduce metal contact area and material cost in silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. In this paper, a Cu-Sn alloy film is used as a seed layer material on an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer with the goal to enhance contact resistivity between the seed and ITO layer. The contact resistivity between the seed layer and ITO is an important parameter because low contact resistivity is required for the high fill factor of the solar cells.

Study of Double Layer Indium Tin Oxide in Silicon Hetero-Junction Solar Cells.

In this literature, we discussed the effect of anti-reflection coating of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells with different characteristics of double layered indium tin oxide (ITO/ITO) structure. Firstly, the OPAL 2 simulation was performed to optimize the values of the photo generation-current density of ITO/ITO/Si device structures. Afterwards, experimental work was conducted by depositing ITO on the SHJ solar cell to analyze the anti-reflection coating effect.

Anti-apoptotic Regulation Contributes to the Successful Nuclear Reprogramming Using Cryopreserved Oocytes.

Cryopreservation has a negative effect on the quality of oocytes and may be closely associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic events. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the detrimental effects on the developmental competence of somatic cell nuclear transferred (SCNT) mouse embryos using vitrified (cryopreserved) oocytes and to evaluate the recovery effects of melatonin on cryo-damage in cloned embryos. Development of SCNT embryos using cryopreserved oocyte cytoplasm (SCNT-CROC) was inferior to those using fresh cytoplasm (SCNT-FOC).

The effect of cell penetrating peptide-conjugated coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CPP-CARM1) on the cloned mouse embryonic development.

Abnormalities in gene expression that negatively affect embryonic development are frequently observed in cloned embryos generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In the present study, we successfully produced a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-conjugated with coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) protein from mammalian cells and confirmed introduction into donor somatic cells and cloned 8-cell embryos within 3 hours after addition to culture medium. In addition, H3R17 dimethylation and embryonic development up to the blastocyst stage were increased in the group treated with exogenous CPP-CARM1 protein compared with the untreated group (control).

Increased sesqui- and triterpene production by co-expression of HMG-CoA reductase and biotin carboxyl carrier protein in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana).

Terpenoids are the most diverse natural products with many industrial applications and are all synthesized from simple precursors, isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and its isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). In plants, IPP is synthesized by two distinct metabolic pathways - cytosolic mevalonate (MVA) pathway for C15 sesquiterpene and C30 triterpene, and plastidic methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway for C10 monoterpene and C20 diterpene. A number of studies have altered the metabolic gene expressions in either the MVA or MEP pathway to increase terpene production; however, it remains unknown if the alteration of the acetyl-CoA pool in plastid fatty acid biosynthesis can influence terpenoid flux.

ITGBL1 modulates integrin activity to promote cartilage formation and protect against arthritis.

Developing and mature chondrocytes constantly interact with and remodel the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent research indicates that integrin-ECM interaction is differentially regulated during cartilage formation (chondrogenesis). Integrin signaling is also a key source of the catabolic reactions responsible for joint destruction in both rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Acupuncture Alleviates Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia via Melanin-Concentrating Hormone in Pitx3-Deficient aphakia and 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Mice.

Although L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is currently the most effective medication for treating Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms, its prolonged administration causes several adverse effects, including dyskinesia. To identify the mechanisms underlying the effects of acupuncture on L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), antidyskinetic effects of acupuncture were investigated in two mouse models of PD. Acupuncture stimulation at GB34 alleviated abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in Pitx3-deficient aphakia mice (ak/ak) following L-DOPA administration and these effects were reproduced in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned mice with LID.

Distinct gating mechanism of SOC channel involving STIM-Orai coupling and an intramolecular interaction of Orai in .

Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), an important mechanism of Ca signaling in a wide range of cell types, is mediated by stromal interaction molecule (STIM), which senses the depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca stores and binds and activates Orai channels in the plasma membrane. This inside-out mechanism of Ca signaling raises an interesting question about the evolution of SOCE: How did these two proteins existing in different cellular compartments evolve to interact with each other? We investigated the gating mechanism of Orai channels. Our analysis revealed a mechanism of Orai gating by STIM binding to the intracellular 2-3 loop of Orai in that is radically different from Orai gating by STIM binding to the N and C termini of Orai in mammals.