Source-sink manipulations through shading, crop load and water deficit affect plant morphogenesis and carbon sink priorities leading to contrasted plant carbon status in grapevine.

Backgrounds And Aims: Shading, water deficit, and crop load shape plant development in a very plastic way. They directly influence the plant's carbon supply and demand to and from the different organs via metabolic, hydraulic and hormonal mechanisms. However, how the multiple environmental factors combine through these mechanisms and how they interplay with carbon status, vegetative and reproductive development and carbon assimilation of the plant needs to be investigated in the context of current climatic and technological constraints.

Effects of acclimation to long-term shading on photosynthesis in grapevines: roles of non-structural carbohydrates and stomatal conductance.

Plant acclimation to varying light environments can enhance productivity. However, limited research exists on how plants re-acclimate to sunlight after shading, despite the increasing use of transient crop shading techniques to mitigate climate change impacts. This study focused on grapevine, a species highly responsive to shade, to explore the effects of prolonged shading on photosynthetic re-acclimation of plants upon sun re-exposure.

Mechanisms underlying photosynthetic acclimation to high temperature are different between Vitis vinifera cv. Syrah and Grenache.

Photosynthesis acclimation to high temperature differs among and within species. Grapevine intra-specific variation in photosynthetic acclimation to elevated temperature has been scarcely assessed. Our objectives were to (i) evaluate the mechanisms underlying long-term acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated temperature in grapevine, and (ii) determine whether these responses are similar among two varieties.

Reduced nighttime transpiration is a relevant breeding target for high water-use efficiency in grapevine.

Increasing water scarcity challenges crop sustainability in many regions. As a consequence, the enhancement of transpiration efficiency (TE)-that is, the biomass produced per unit of water transpired-has become crucial in breeding programs. This could be achieved by reducing plant transpiration through a better closure of the stomatal pores at the leaf surface.