The Role of Bladder-Washing Cytology as an Adjunctive Method to Cystoscopy During Follow-Up for Low-Grade TaT1 Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background And Objective: The role of urine cytology during follow-up for low-grade (LG) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is not well established, although cytology has low sensitivity in detecting LG recurrences. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of urine cytology as a complementary method to cystoscopy during follow-up for LG NMIBC.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with primary LG TaT1 bladder cancer (BC) between 2010 and 2020 were included.

[Cystoscopy in the assessment of patients with bladder pain syndrome: Results of a national multicenter observational study.].

Objectives: To study the use and results of cystoscopy and bladder hydrodistension in the objective assessment of patients with Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS), in routine clinical practice.

Material And Methods: Observational, non-interventional, national, multicenter study carried out in Functional Urology and Urodynamic Units of Spain belonging to the IFU Group. 273 women with BPS who underwent cystoscopy at baseline as a diagnostic tool according to clinical criteria and following the routine clinical practice of each center, were studied.

Primary cryotherapy for localized prostate cancer treatment.

Introduction: Prostate cryotherapy is an available treatment option for localized prostate cancer (PC) included on minimal invasive therapies but still under evaluation. We started our cryotherapy program in 2008 for selected patients with localized PC. Our objective is to evaluate the oncologic and functional outcomes of primary cryotherapy in men with clinically localized PC.

Accuracy of Transvaginal Ultrasound Compared to Cystoscopy in the Diagnosis of Bladder Endometriosis Nodules.

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) in predicting detrusor infiltration and ureteral meatus involvement in patients with bladder endometriosis (BE) to select which cystoscopic procedures could be avoided and, secondarily, to assess the relationship between symptoms and the characteristics of nodules and the association of BE with other forms of endometriosis.

Methods: Patients with BE diagnosed by TVUS were classified according to detrusor infiltration: BE with partial involvement of the muscular layer (group 1) and total muscular layer involvement with bladder protrusion (group 2). We analyzed the accuracy of TVUS compared with subsequently performed cystoscopy, the correlation with symptoms, and the association with other forms of endometriosis.

Urine cytology suspicious for urothelial carcinoma: Prospective follow-up of cases using cytology and urine biomarker-based ancillary techniques.

Background: Urine cytology results that are suspicious for urothelial carcinoma (UC) are challenging. The objective of this study was to elucidate the clinical significance of such results in patients who have a negative cystoscopy.

Methods: In this prospective study, 83 patients who had urine cytology that was suspicious of UC and a negative cystoscopy underwent a second cystoscopy and urine evaluation by cytology, UroVysion fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay, FGFR3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) and TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) mutations and an 8-gene expression classifier (GEC).

Paleopathology of soft tissues: what mummies can reveal.

Paleopathology is a science located in a crossroad between history, archaeology, anthropology, and medicine an can offer unique historical knowledge by using techniques of traditional pathology as well as other branches of Medicine, which is especially fruitful when applied to ancient subjects in which soft tissues are preserved: mummies.

Urine Gene Expression Profiles in Bladder Pain Syndrome Patients Treated with Triamcinolone.

Background: The pathogenesis of bladder pain syndrome (BPS) remains incompletely defined, and there is no standard treatment for BPS as yet.

Objective: To gain detailed insight into the disease pathobiology of BPS through comparative gene expression analysis of urine from BPS patients versus control individuals and, furthermore, to determine the efficacy of triamcinolone treatment in BPS patients in terms of the gene expression profiles in urine.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A prospective pilot study including 21 urine samples from patients with Hunner's lesions (n=6) and controls (n=9) between January and August 2017.

Epidemiologic and economic burden of HPV diseases in Spain: implication of additional 5 types from the 9-valent vaccine.

Background: A new nonavalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine that includes genotypes 6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 has been recently approved in Spain. A previous study has shown that attributable fraction of HPV related diseases in Spain is consistent with that reported in European and global studies. The aim of the present study was to estimate the annual direct costs associated to the following HPV-related diseases: genital warts, high grade precancerous lesions and cancer of cervix, vulva, vagina, anus and penis and head and neck cancer, caused by genotypes included in the nonavalent (9vHPV) and quadrivalent vaccines (4vHPV), in Spanish men and women.

Persistent Borrelia Infection in Patients with Ongoing Symptoms of Lyme Disease.

Introduction: Lyme disease is a tickborne illness that generates controversy among medical providers and researchers. One of the key topics of debate is the existence of persistent infection with the Lyme spirochete, , in patients who have been treated with recommended doses of antibiotics yet remain symptomatic. Persistent spirochetal infection despite antibiotic therapy has recently been demonstrated in non-human primates.

Pain relief after triamcinolone infiltration in patients with bladder pain syndrome with Hunner's ulcers.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is a chronic condition with severe implications in the patient's quality of life with no definitive treatment. Our objective was to assess pain relief after triamcinolone injection in patients with BPS with Hunner's ulcers (HU).

Methods: Retrospective study of 20 consecutive patients with BPS treated at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona with triamcinolone injection with flexible cystoscope between 2015 and 2016.

Prior Lubrication of the Urethra Does Not Reduce Pain Perception in Men Undergoing Flexible Cystoscopy.

Objective: The study aimed to test the hypothesis that the instillation of lidocaine gel does not reduce the pain related to flexible cystoscopy.

Material And Methods: A prospective randomized study was designed to compare the pain perception between intraurethral instillation of lidocaine gel and saline solution in flexible cystoscopy. One hundred consecutive male patients attending for flexible cystoscopy were randomized to receive 10 ml of lidocaine gel or 10 ml of saline solution.

Exploring the association between Morgellons disease and Lyme disease: identification of Borrelia burgdorferi in Morgellons disease patients.

Background: Morgellons disease (MD) is a complex skin disorder characterized by ulcerating lesions that have protruding or embedded filaments. Many clinicians refer to this condition as delusional parasitosis or delusional infestation and consider the filaments to be introduced textile fibers. In contrast, recent studies indicate that MD is a true somatic illness associated with tickborne infection, that the filaments are keratin and collagen in composition and that they result from proliferation and activation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts in the skin.

Culture and identification of spirochetes in human vaginal and seminal secretions.

Recent reports indicate that more than 300,000 cases of Lyme disease are diagnosed yearly in the USA. Preliminary clinical, epidemiological and immunological studies suggest that infection with the Lyme disease spirochete (Bb) could be transferred from person to person via intimate human contact without a tick vector. Failure to detect viable spirochetes in vaginal and seminal secretions would argue against this hypothesis.

The evolution of CT diagnosed papillae tip microcalcifications: can we predict the development of stones?

Objectives: To determine the incidence of computed tomography (CT) identifiable Randall plaques in a CT explored population; to determine the clinical relevance of this radiological finding by a 7-year follow-up; to determine a cut point to identify a population with high risk of developing calcium stone disease (SD).

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study of all patients explored by abdominal CT in our center between January and March 2005.

Inclusion Criteria: age 30-60 years and no SD.

Air cystoscopy is superior to water cystoscopy for the diagnosis of active hematuria.

Purpose: We evaluated the clinical use of air cystoscopy, including its possible advantages and disadvantages over water cystoscopy.

Materials And Methods: Two independent observers prospectively studied consecutive patients who underwent water cystoscopy first and then air cystoscopy at our center from May to September 2012. The indication for rigid cystoscopy in the operating room was noted independently by either observer.

Abdominal computed tomography--a new tool for predicting recurrent stone disease.

Purpose: To evaluate whether CT-identified Randall plaques can be used to foresee the recurrence of stone disease (SD); to define a cut point that could identify a high-risk population.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of patients attended for SD from January 2004 to December 2009 was conducted. Study population was patients with a first episode of calcium SD that was diagnosed by abdominal CT.

Low testosterone levels are related to poor prognosis factors in men with prostate cancer prior to treatment.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Prostate growth is ruled by testosterone. Nevertheless, the paradigm that high testosterone levels induce prostate cancer development or lead to a poor prognosis in prostate cancer is not supported by evidence. A growing number of studies suggest that, on the contrary, low testosterone levels are related to poor prognosis features in prostate cancer such as higher prostate-specific antigen or higher Gleason score.

Quality of life of multiple sclerosis patients: translation and validation of the Spanish version of Qualiveen.

Purpose: Up until now there were no specific questionnaire translated into Spanish for evaluating urinary disorder specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Qualiveen is recommended by the European Association of Urology guidelines as a tool for evaluating neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. The objective was to translate the Qualiveen into Spanish, adapt it cross-culturally and validate it against the currently available tools.

Low testosterone bioavailability is related to prostate cancer diagnose in patients submitted to prostate biopsy.

Introduction: Relationship between prostate cancer (PCa) and testosterone (T) is controversial. Conflicting evidence has been published about T levels and development of PCa.

Aim: (1) To determine the relationship between hormone levels and the diagnosis of PCa.

Carcinosarcoma of the prostate: two cases with distinctive morphologic and immunohistochemical findings.

Carcinosarcomas (CS) of the prostate are very uncommon neoplasms defined by the admixture of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. We describe here two new examples of CS in two patients aged 66 and 77 years, the first without previous history of prostate adenocarcinoma and the second with a 5-year history of acinar type prostate adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis of CS was made on the cystoprostatectomy specimen in the first case and transurethral resection in the second case.