Serum Phosphorus and Hypophosphatemia During Therapy of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children: Single-Center, Retrospective Cohort 2016-2022.

Objectives: To assess factors associated with serum phosphorus (P) and hypophosphatemia in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treated for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Community-based PICU in a university-affiliated hospital.

Building global collaborative research networks in paediatric critical care: a roadmap.

Paediatric critical care units are designed for children at a vulnerable stage of development, yet the evidence base for practice and policy in paediatric critical care remains scarce. In this Health Policy, we present a roadmap providing strategic guidance for international paediatric critical care trials. We convened a multidisciplinary group of 32 paediatric critical care experts from six continents representing paediatric critical care research networks and groups.

Evaluation of Ovarian Reserve and Recurrence Rate After DWLS Diode Laser Ovarian Endometrioma Vaporization (OMAlaser): A Prospective, Single-Arm, Multicenter, Clinical Trial.

Study Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Dual Wavelength Laser System (DWLS) diode laser on the treatment of ovarian endometrioma (OMA), with ablation and vaporization of the cystic capsule without performing the stripping technique, in terms of ovarian reserve and recurrence rate.

Design: Prospective, single-arm, multicenter, clinical trial.

Setting: Multicenter University Hospital.

Visualizing Mental Health Insights: A Pipeline from Social Media to Chernoff Faces.

This study proposes an approach for analyzing mental health through publicly available social media data, employing Large Language Models (LLMs) and visualization techniques to transform textual data into Chernoff Faces. The analysis began with a dataset comprising 15,744 posts sourced from major social media platforms, which was refined down to 2,621 posts through meticulous data cleaning, feature extraction, and visualization processes. Our methodology includes stages of Data Preparation, Feature Extraction, Chernoff Face Visualization, and Clinical Validation.

Unveiling the Potential of ChatGPT and YOLOv7 for Evaluating Children's Emotions Using Their Artistic Expressions.

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have sparked considerable interest in their potential applications across various healthcare domains. One promising prospect is leveraging these generative models to accurately predict children's emotions by combining computer vision and natural language processing techniques. However, understanding children's emotional states based on their artistic expressions is equally crucial.

FetSAM: Advanced Segmentation Techniques for Fetal Head Biometrics in Ultrasound Imagery.

FetSAM represents a cutting-edge deep learning model aimed at revolutionizing fetal head ultrasound segmentation, thereby elevating prenatal diagnostic precision. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset-the largest to date for fetal head metrics-FetSAM incorporates prompt-based learning. It distinguishes itself with a dual loss mechanism, combining Weighted DiceLoss and Weighted Lovasz Loss, optimized through AdamW and underscored by class weight adjustments for better segmentation balance.

Clinical Full-Time Equivalent in PICUs: Survey of the U.S. Pediatric Critical Care Chiefs Network, 2020-2022.

Objectives: To inform workforce planning for pediatric critical care (PCC) physicians, it is important to understand current staffing models and the spectrum of clinical responsibilities of physicians. Our objective was to describe the expected workload associated with a clinical full-time equivalent (cFTE) in PICUs across the U.S.

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Glycemic Control for Critically Ill Children and Adults 2024.

Rationale: Maintaining glycemic control of critically ill patients may impact outcomes such as survival, infection, and neuromuscular recovery, but there is equipoise on the target blood levels, monitoring frequency, and methods.

Objectives: The purpose was to update the 2012 Society of Critical Care Medicine and American College of Critical Care Medicine (ACCM) guidelines with a new systematic review of the literature and provide actionable guidance for clinicians.

Panel Design: The total multiprofessional task force of 22, consisting of clinicians and patient/family advocates, and a methodologist applied the processes described in the ACCM guidelines standard operating procedure manual to develop evidence-based recommendations in alignment with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Approach (GRADE) methodology.

Anxiety, Depression, Emotion Regulation, and Daytime Sleepiness: Are There Links Between These Factors? Network Analysis on an Italian Sample During the Covid-19 Pandemic.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to the occurrence of psychological disturbances, such as depressive and anxiety symptomatology, thereby significantly impacting individuals' lifestyles by disrupting sleep patterns. This study aimed to elucidate the interconnections between emotion regulation, depression, anxiety, and daytime sleepiness.

Method: We recruited 632 community adults who underwent an online survey of self-report questionnaires, including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).

The metaverse digital environments: a scoping review of the challenges, privacy and security issues.

The concept of the "metaverse" has garnered significant attention recently, positioned as the "next frontier" of the internet. This emerging digital realm carries substantial economic and financial implications for both IT and non-IT industries. However, the integration and evolution of these virtual universes bring forth a multitude of intricate issues and quandaries that demand resolution.

Whole blood transcriptomics identifies subclasses of pediatric septic shock.

Background: Sepsis is a highly heterogeneous syndrome, which has hindered the development of effective therapies. This has prompted investigators to develop a precision medicine approach aimed at identifying biologically homogenous subgroups of patients with septic shock and critical illnesses. Transcriptomic analysis can identify subclasses derived from differences in underlying pathophysiological processes that may provide the basis for new targeted therapies.

Large-scale annotation dataset for fetal head biometry in ultrasound images.

This dataset features a collection of 3832 high-resolution ultrasound images, each with dimensions of 959×661 pixels, focused on Fetal heads. The images highlight specific anatomical regions: the brain, cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), and lateral ventricles (LV). The dataset was assembled under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.

Applications of discriminative and deep learning feature extraction methods for whole slide image analysis: A survey.

Digital pathology technologies, including whole slide imaging (WSI), have significantly improved modern clinical practices by facilitating storing, viewing, processing, and sharing digital scans of tissue glass slides. Researchers have proposed various artificial intelligence (AI) solutions for digital pathology applications, such as automated image analysis, to extract diagnostic information from WSI for improving pathology productivity, accuracy, and reproducibility. Feature extraction methods play a crucial role in transforming raw image data into meaningful representations for analysis, facilitating the characterization of tissue structures, cellular properties, and pathological patterns.

Assessing the Landscape of Telehealth Interventions for Women's Health: An Umbrella Review of Recent Advances Post-Pandemic.

This umbrella review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the use of telehealth services for women after the COVID-19 pandemic. The review synthesizes findings from 21 reviews, covering diverse topics such as cancer care, pregnancy and postpartum care, general health, and specific populations. While some areas have shown promising results, others require further research to better understand the potential of digital health interventions.

Deep Scene Synthesis of Atlanta-World Interiors from a Single Omnidirectional Image.

We present a new data-driven approach for extracting geometric and structural information from a single spherical panorama of an interior scene, and for using this information to render the scene from novel points of view, enhancing 3D immersion in VR applications. The approach copes with the inherent ambiguities of single-image geometry estimation and novel view synthesis by focusing on the very common case of Atlanta-world interiors, bounded by horizontal floors and ceilings and vertical walls. Based on this prior, we introduce a novel end-to-end deep learning approach to jointly estimate the depth and the underlying room structure of the scene.

Whole Blood Transcriptomics Identifies Subclasses of Pediatric Septic Shock.

Background: Sepsis is a highly heterogeneous syndrome, that has hindered the development of effective therapies. This has prompted investigators to develop a precision medicine approach aimed at identifying biologically homogenous subgroups of patients with septic shock and critical illnesses. Transcriptomic analysis can identify subclasses derived from differences in underlying pathophysiological processes that may provide the basis for new targeted therapies.

Smartphone Distraction: Italian Validation of the Smartphone Distraction Scale (SDS).

This work aimed to validate the use of the Smartphone Distraction Scale (SDS) in Italy. The SDS was devised to assess distraction related to smartphone use in adult populations. A cross-sectional study was conducted among = 609 adults (females = 76.

Telehealth interventions during COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review of applications, challenges, privacy and security issues.

Background: The COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, proliferated worldwide, leading to a pandemic. Many governmental and non-governmental organisations and research institutes are contributing to the COVID-19 fight to control the pandemic.

Motivation: Numerous telehealth applications have been proposed and adopted during the pandemic to combat the spread of the disease.

Job Seekers' Burnout and Engagement: A Qualitative Study of Long-Term Unemployment in Italy.

Long-term unemployment has major consequences from an economic, physical and psychosocial perspective. Several authors have pointed out that the search for employment is in itself work, which can generate feelings of exhaustion of psychophysical energies, cynicism and disinvestment, as well as a sense of ineffectiveness to the point of complete disillusion. The construct of burnout can be used to describe this psychological process.

Randomized Trial of Weight-Based Versus Fixed Limit High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Bronchiolitis.

Background: High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is increasingly used to treat bronchiolitis. Although lower HFNC rates (≤8 L per minute) are commonly employed, higher weight-based flows more effectively alleviate dyspnea. The impact of higher flows on the need for care escalation is unclear.