Multidisciplinary approach to determine the influence of human pressure on nearshore Antarctic fish.

Concentrations of five metals together with hematological and morphological parameters were measured in three coastal fish species collected in two sites of the Antarctic Peninsula. Furthermore, we assessed isotopic niche widths among fish populations to better understand their trophic ecology. Nothotenia coriiceps from Fildes Bay displayed high concentrations of Fe and Cu, while those from South Bay had higher concentrations of Cd.

Outcomes of surgical management of Ebstein anomaly and tricuspid valve dysplasia in critically ill neonates and infants.

Objective: To describe the surgical outcomes in neonates and infants who had surgery for Ebstein anomaly (EA) and tricuspid valve dysplasia (TVD).

Methods: Retrospective chart review for all patients who underwent surgery for EA or TVD during the index hospitalization after birth at our institution from January 2005 to February 2023.

Results: Fifteen symptomatic neonates and infants who had surgery for EA or TVD were included, 8 with EA and 7 with TVD.

The impact of COVID-19 and associated measures on health, police, and non-government organisation service utilisation related to violence against women and children.

Background: Globally, concerns have been raised that the priority implementation of public health measures in response to COVID-19 may have unintended negative impacts on a variety of other health and wellbeing factors, including violence. This study examined the impact of COVID-19 response measures on changes in violence against women and children (VAWC) service utilisation across European countries.

Methods: A rapid assessment design was used to compile data including a survey distributed across WHO Europe Healthy Cities Networks and Violence Injury Prevention Focal Points in WHO European Region member states, and a scoping review of media reports, journal articles, and reports.

Development of an Alternative Modified Live Influenza B Virus Vaccine.

Influenza B virus (IBV) is considered a major human pathogen, responsible for seasonal epidemics of acute respiratory illness. Two antigenically distinct IBV hemagglutinin (HA) lineages cocirculate worldwide with little cross-reactivity. Live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccines have been shown to provide better cross-protective immune responses than inactivated vaccines by eliciting local mucosal immunity and systemic B cell- and T cell-mediated memory responses.

Toll-like receptors are key participants in innate immune responses.

During an infection, one of the principal challenges for the host is to detect the pathogen and activate a rapid defensive response. The Toll-like family of receptors (TLRs), among other pattern recognition receptors (PRR), performs this detection process in vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. These type I transmembrane receptors identify microbial conserved structures or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).