Superconducting density of states and vortex lattice of LaRuPobserved by scanning tunneling spectroscopy.

We provide the superconducting density of states of the pnictide superconductor LaRuP(= 4.1 K), measured using millikelvin scanning tunneling microscopy. From the tunneling conductance, we extract a density of states which shows the opening of a s-wave single superconducting gap.

Packet information encoding in a cerebellum-like circuit.

Packet information encoding of neural signals was proposed for vision about 50 years ago and has recently been revived as a plausible strategy generalizable to natural and artificial sensory systems. It involves discrete image segmentation controlled by feedback and the ability to store and compare packets of information. This article shows that neurons of the cerebellum-like electrosensory lobe (EL) of the electric fish Gymnotus omarorum use spike-count and spike-timing distribution as constitutive variables of packets of information that encode one-by-one the electrosensory images generated by a self-timed series of electric organ discharges (EODs).

Integrative analysis of systemic lupus erythematosus biomarkers: Role of fecal hsa-mir-223-3p and gut microbiota in transkingdom dynamics.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) involves a florid set of clinical manifestations whose autoreactive origin is characterized by an overactivation of the immune system and the production of a large number of autoantibodies. Because it is a complex pathology with an inflammatory component, its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood, assuming both genetic and environmental predisposing factors. Currently, it is known that the role of the human microbiome is crucial in maintaining the transkingdom balance between commensal microorganisms and the immune system.

PICH deficiency limits the progression of MYC-induced B-cell lymphoma.

Plk1-interacting checkpoint helicase (PICH) is a DNA translocase involved in resolving ultrafine anaphase DNA bridges and, therefore, is important to safeguard chromosome segregation and stability. PICH is overexpressed in various human cancers, particularly in lymphomas such as Burkitt lymphoma, which is caused by MYC translocations. To investigate the relevance of PICH in cancer development and progression, we have combined novel PICH-deficient mouse models with the Eμ-Myc transgenic mouse model, which recapitulates B-cell lymphoma development.

Design, implementation, and preliminary in-vivo assessment of a high-CMRR low-NEF wireless EEG miniaturized platform.

This work presents the design, manufacture, test, and preliminary in-vivo assessment of the proof-of-concept of a miniaturized wireless platform for acquiring electroencephalography signals, where the input stage is a high-CMRR current-efficiency custom-made integrated neural preamplifier.Clinical relevance- Small, low-power consumption, wireless, wearable devices for chronically monitoring EEG recordings may contribute to the diagnosis of transient neurological events, the characterization and potential forecasting of epileptic seizures, and provide signals for controlling prosthetic and aid devices.

The Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin-Gallate (EGCG) Interferes with Microcin E492 Amyloid Formation.

Microcin E492 (MccE492) is an antimicrobial peptide and proposed virulence factor produced by some strains, which, under certain conditions, form amyloid fibers, leading to the loss of its antibacterial activity. Although this protein has been characterized as a model functional amyloid, the secondary structure transitions behind its formation, and the possible effect of molecules that inhibit this process, have not been investigated. In this study, we examined the ability of the green tea flavonoid epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to interfere with MccE492 amyloid formation.

Resveratrol Prevents Cell Swelling Through Inhibition of SUR1 Expression in Brain Micro Endothelial Cells Subjected to OGD/Recovery.

The SUR1-TRPM4-AQP4 complex is overexpressed in the initial phase of edema induced after cerebral ischemia, allowing the massive internalization of Na and water within the brain micro endothelial cells (BMEC) of the blood-brain barrier. The expression of the Abcc8 gene encoding SUR1 depends on transcriptional factors that are responsive to oxidative stress. Because reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during cerebral ischemia, we hypothesized that antioxidant compounds might be able to regulate the expression of SUR1.

High- and intermediate-risk susceptibility variants in melanoma families from the Mediterranean area: A multicentre cohort from the MelaNostrum Consortium.

Background: Most of large epidemiological studies on melanoma susceptibility have been conducted on fair skinned individuals (US, Australia and Northern Europe), while Southern European populations, characterized by high UV exposure and dark-skinned individuals, are underrepresented.

Objectives: We report a comprehensive pooled analysis of established high- and intermediate-penetrance genetic variants and clinical characteristics of Mediterranean melanoma families from the MelaNostrum Consortium.

Methods: Pooled epidemiological, clinical and genetic (CDKN2A, CDK4, ACD, BAP1, POT1, TERT, and TERF2IP and MC1R genes) retrospective data of melanoma families, collected within the MelaNostrum Consortium in Greece, Italy and Spain, were analysed.

The sensory effects of light on the electric organ discharge rate of Gymnotus omarorum.

Gymnotiformes are nocturnal fishes inhabiting the root mats of floating plants. They use their electric organ discharge (EOD) to explore the environment and to communicate. Here, we show and describe tonic and phasic sensory-electromotor responses to light distinct from indirect effects depending on the light-induced endogenous circadian rhythm.

[Perinatal outcome and five-year survival in children with prenatal diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome].

Unlabelled: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital heart disease of low prevalence and high lethality.

Objective: to determine the perinatal outcome and survival at one and five years of fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of HLHS.

Patients And Method: Prospective cohort study of all the fetuses with HLHS from the Perinatal Reference Center (CERPO) born between January 2008 and December 2017.

[A registry of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Chile].

Background: The rate of survival to hospital discharge is less than 10% for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Aim: To develop and implement a Chilean prospective, standardized cardiac arrest registry following the Utstein criteria.

Material And Methods: We conducted a prospective registry for patients presenting at an urban, academic, high complexity emergency department (ED) after having an OHCA.

NPCs and APBs: two HUBs of non-canonical homology-based recombination at telomeres?

Apart from a few rare exceptions, the maintenance of functional telomeres by recombination-based mechanisms is restricted to accidental and/or pathological situations. Originally described in the yeast S. cerevisiae, this mode of telomere repair has gained interest with the discovery of telomerase negative cancers that use alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT cancer) dependent on homologous recombination.

Pancreatic Cancer Surveillance in Carriers of a Germline Pathogenic Variant in .

Three percent of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) present a germline pathogenic variant (GPV) associated with an increased risk of this tumor, being one of the genes associated with the highest risk. There is no clear consensus on the recommendations for surveillance in GPV carriers, although the latest guidelines from the International Cancer of the Pancreas Screening Consortium recommend annual endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) regardless of family history. Our aim is to describe the findings of the PDAC surveillance program in a cohort of healthy GPV heterozygotes.

Acute Chylous Ascites Status Post Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome Decompression: A Unique Case Report and Literature Review.

Chylous ascites (CA) are a rare finding of triglyceride-rich peritoneal fluid within the abdominal cavity. Malignancy, cirrhosis, and trauma after abdominal surgery are the leading causes of CA in adults. Currently, there are no published guidelines on the management of CA.

ATRX, a guardian of chromatin.

ATRX (alpha-thalassemia mental retardation X-linked) is one of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor genes in human cancers, especially in glioma, and recent findings indicate roles for ATRX in key molecular pathways, such as the regulation of chromatin state, gene expression, and DNA damage repair, placing ATRX as a central player in the maintenance of genome stability and function. This has led to new perspectives about the functional role of ATRX and its relationship with cancer. Here, we provide an overview of ATRX interactions and molecular functions and discuss the consequences of its impairment, including alternative lengthening of telomeres and therapeutic vulnerabilities that may be exploited in cancer cells.

The MC1R r allele does not increase melanoma risk in MITF E318K carriers.

Background: Population-wide screening for melanoma is not cost-effective, but genetic characterization could facilitate risk stratification and targeted screening. Common Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) red hair colour (RHC) variants and Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) E318K separately confer moderate melanoma susceptibility, but their interactive effects are relatively unexplored.

Objectives: To evaluate whether MC1R genotypes differentially affect melanoma risk in MITF E318K+ vs.

Transcriptomic study in explanted liver from a patient with acute intermittent porphyria.

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare disease caused by a deficiency of hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), the third enzyme of the heme-synthesis pathway. Decreased enzymatic activity in the liver induces an overproduction of heme-precursors and acute neurological attacks. We report a 36-years-old female with AIP with a long-term history of severe, disabling, recurrent attacks, who underwent curative liver transplantation.

Getting the news in milliseconds: The role of early novelty detection in active electrosensory exploration.

The pulse emitting weakly electric fish Gymnotus omarorum shows stereotyped "novelty responses" consisting of a transient acceleration of the rhythm of a self-emitted electric organ discharge that carries electrosensory signals. Here we show that rapid increases in electric image amplitude cause a "novelty detection potential" in the first electrosensory relay. This sign precedes and its amplitude predicts, the amplitude of the subsequent behavioral novelty response.

Comprehensive Phenotyping in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Search for Biomarker Algorithms in the Transkingdom Interactions Context.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the most common form of intestinal inflammation associated with a dysregulated immune system response to the commensal microbiota in a genetically susceptible host. IBD includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), both of which are remarkably heterogeneous in their clinical presentation and response to treatment. This translates into a notable diagnostic challenge, especially in underdeveloped countries where IBD is on the rise and access to diagnosis or treatment is not always accessible for chronic diseases.

A simple model of the electrosensory electromotor loop in Gymnotus omarorum.

This article introduces and tests a simple model that describes a neural network found in nature, the electrosensory control of an electromotor pacemaker. The cornerstone of the model is an early-stage filter based on the subtraction of a feedforward integrated version of the recent sensory past from the present input signal. The output of this filter governs the modulation of a premotor pacemaker command driving the sensory signal carrier generation and, in consequence, the timing of subsequent electrosensory input.

Discoidin domain receptor 1 regulates ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling in mammary epithelial cells.

The ErbB2 receptor tyrosine kinase plays a key role in mammary gland development. It forms large clusters which serve as signaling platforms for integration of extracellular information. The discoidin domain receptor (DDR) family are collagen receptor tyrosine kinases which, together with ErbB2, are involved in many physiological and pathological processes.

The tomato resistance gene Bs4 suppresses leaf watersoaking phenotypes induced by AvrHah1, a transcription activator-like effector from tomato-pathogenic xanthomonads.

The Xanthomonas transcription activator-like effector (TALE) protein AvrBs3 transcriptionally activates the executor-type resistance (R) gene Bs3 from pepper (Capsicum annuum), thereby triggering a hypersensitive cell death reaction (HR). AvrBs3 also triggers an HR in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) upon recognition by the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) R protein Bs4. Whether the executor-type R protein Bs3 and the NLR-type R protein Bs4 use common or distinct signalling components to trigger an HR remains unclear.

Identification of Aggregation-Prone and Gatekeeper Residues in Bacterial Amyloids Using Site-Directed Mutagenesis and Flow Cytometry.

Bacterial functional amyloids are remarkable examples of how amyloid aggregation can be kept under control and even leveraged to perform diverse biological processes. In this context, it is highly relevant to understand how amyloidogenesis is modulated by relevant factors, including key amino acids promoting or preventing aggregation. This chapter describes a methodology to identify critical residues for amyloid formation in bacterial proteins, based on mutant construction guided by bioinformatics prediction, their expression in bacteria, and their analysis by flow cytometry.

Assessment of Intracellular Amyloid Formation in Fixed and Live Bacteria Using Fluorescence Microscopy.

Although amyloid aggregation has been generally associated with protein misfolding and neurodegenerative diseases in mammals, bacteria and other organisms have harnessed amyloidogenesis to perform diverse biological processes. These functional amyloids, some of them secreted and others intracellular, require that the producing cells keep aggregation under control in the cytoplasm upon protein translation, preventing their inherent toxicity. Thus, it is highly relevant to understand how intracellular amyloid formation occurs and is regulated, its metabolic consequences, and the formation dynamics and fate of the amyloid inclusions upon cell division.