Antifungal effects of thiosemicarbazone-chalcones on Aspergillus, Candida and Sporothrix strains.

The frequency of opportunistic fungal infections has been increasing, impacting agriculture, food, and health sectors. In this work, four thiosemicarbazone-chalcones (TC) were synthesized and evaluated by the radial diffusion method against filamentous fungi. All TCs were effective against Aspergillus parasiticus, especially the fluor-substituted one, with radial growth inhibition of 62,9% and 74,4% at the lower (0.

Isospora pichororei n. sp. (Chromista: Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from rufous-capped spinetails Synallaxis ruficapilla Vieillot, 1819 (Passeriformes: Furnariidae: Synallaxiinae) in South America.

Spinetails are a suboscine passerines of the genus Synallaxis Vieillot, 1818 which have great interest for ornithology, given the wide diversity of 37 species that are distributed throughout the Neotropical region. Despite this wide diversity and distribution, Synallaxis spp. have never been recorded as hosts of coccidian parasites.

n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the golden-crowned warbler (Deppe) (Passeriformes: Parulidae) in South America.

Mello & Berto n. sp. is described based on material from the golden-crowned warbler (Deppe) captured in the Itatiaia National Park (Parque Nacional do Itatiaia), a conservation unit in south-eastern Brazil.

Inhibitory Effect of GRAS Essential Oils and Plant Extracts on the Growth of and Strains.

The effect of essential oils (obtained using hydrodistillation) and plant extracts (ethanolic, aqueous, and hexanic extractions) of 10 different plants cultivated in Brazil were tested using the diffusion agar method, with the objective of evaluating the inhibitory effect of the oils and extracts on the mycelial growth of NRRL 3174 and RC 2054 (UNRC). Of the 40 essential oils and plant extracts analyzed, oregano essential oil and plant extract, rosemary essential oil, and the clove ethanolic extract were the best choice to obtain the growth parameters (radial growth rates (mm day) and lag phase (h)) due the good results presented and the volume of oil/extract obtained. Comparing all the essential oils and plant extracts that were tested for growth parameters, the best results were obtained for the clove ethanolic extract for both strains assayed.

Worldwide Dispersion of Coccidia from Migratory Birds: First Report of Eimeria bazi Chauhan et Bhatia, 1970 (Eimeriidae) Outside Asia from Buff-Necked Ibises Theristicus caudatus (Boddaert, 1783) (Threskiornithidae) in South America.

Background: Eimeria spp. are coccidian protozoan parasites of domestic and wild animals. Pelecaniform birds are hosts of some Eimeria spp.

Isospora leptopogoni n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the sepia-capped flycatcher Leptopogon amaurocephalus Tschudi, 1846 (Passeriformes: Rhynchocyclidae) in South America.

Coccidian protozoan species recorded from flycatchers are few, but they have been described with a certain frequency in recent years. In this context, the present study describes a new Isospora sp. from sepia-capped flycatchers Leptopogon amaurocephalus Tschudi, 1846 captured in the Itatiaia National Park and in a reforestation area which is about 60 km away from the park boundaries, in addition to providing a molecular identification via sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene.

Observations on an Eimeria sp. (Apicomplexa) from the green kingfisher Chloroceryle americana (Gmelin, 1788) (Coraciiformes) in Southeastern Brazil: an example of how the ecological aspects of the host can be essential for the identification of its coccidians.

Parasitism in kingfishers is very little reported and predominantly related to hemoparasites, helminths, and ectoparasites. The present study provided a morphological and genotypic study of an Eimeria sp. recovered from a green kingfisher Chloroceryle americana (Gmelin, 1788) captured in the Marambaia Island, on the coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil.

Isospora spp. (Eimeriidae) from green-winged saltators Saltator similis d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837 (Thraupidae) from captivity near the Conservation Unit of the Itatiaia National Park in Southeastern Brazil.

The present study identifies three Isospora spp. recorded from faecal samples of green-winged saltators Saltator similis d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye kept in captivity in the surroundings of the Itatiaia National Park, which is a Conservation Unit with a high degree of vulnerability located in the Serra da Mantiqueira on the border of the States of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. Isospora saltatori Berto, Balthazar, Flausino & Lopes, 2008, Isospora trincaferri Berto, Balthazar, Flausino & Lopes, 2008 and Isospora similisi Coelho, Berto, Neves, Oliveira, Flausino & Lopes, 2013 were compatible in all characteristic features with their respective original descriptions, despite some divergences that are discussed in this study.

Supplementary morphological data and molecular analyses of Eimeria labbeana (Labbé, 1896) Pinto, 1928 (Chromista: Miozoa: Eimeriidae) from columbiform birds in Portugal.

Columbiformes have a worldwide distribution, of which 166 species occur in Eurasia. They have been reported parasitized by coccidians recurrently in recent years; however, Eimeria labbeana (Labbé, 1896) Pinto, 1928, which is first Eimeria sp. from Columbiformes described in the late nineteenth century, is not taxonomically identified by its oocysts since the 1930s.

Redescription and molecular identification of Isospora feroxis Berto, Luz, Flausino, Ferreira & Lopes, 2009 (Eimeriidae) from tyrant-flycatchers (Tyrannoidea) in South America.

In the present study Isospora feroxis Berto, Luz, Flausino, Ferreira & Lopes, 2009 is redescribed from the photosyntypes and from new samples from a short-crested flycatcher Myiarchus ferox (Gmelin), which is the type-host in the type-locality, the Marambaia Island in Southeastern Brazil. In addition, the yellow-olive flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens Spix is recorded as a new host for this species, in a new locality, the Itatiaia National Park, in the interior of Southeastern Brazil, providing a preliminary genotypic characterization via sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene. Micropyle and rough oöcyst wall are added to the description of I.

Eimeria ferreirai n. sp. (Chromista: Miozoa: Eimeriidae) from doves Leptotila spp. (Columbiformes: Columbidae) from Brazil.

The doves and pigeons constitute a taxonomic group (Columbiformes: Columbidae) of granivorous and frugivorous birds with a worldwide distribution. The current work aims to describe morphologically and molecularly a new protozoan from white-tipped doves Leptotila verreauxi Bonaparte, 1855 and grey-fronted doves Leptotila rufaxilla (Richard Bernard, 1792) in Southeastern Brazil. Eimeria ferreirai n.

Polymorphism and genetic diversity of Isospora parnaitatiaiensis Silva, Rodrigues, Lopes, Berto, Luz, Ferreira & Lopes, 2015 (Eimeriidae) from antbirds (Thamnophilidae) in Brazil.

Isospora parnaitatiaiensis Silva, Rodrigues, Lopes, Berto, Luz, Ferreira & Lopes, 2015 was identified from a new host, the plain antvireo Dysithamnus mentalis (Temminck), and also from the white-shouldered fire-eye Pyriglena leucoptera Vieillot, in its type-locality, the Itatiaia National Park in the southeastern Brazil, and a preliminary genotypic characterisation by sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene is provided. The oöcysts recovered from P. leucoptera and D.

First report of Myxobolus episquamalis Egusa, Maeno & Sorimachi, 1990 (Myxozoa: Bivalvulida) in Lebranche mullet Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836 (Teleostei: Mugiliformes) from Neotropical region.

In the current study, Myxobolus episquamalis Egusa, Maeno & Sorimachi, 1990 (Myxozoa: Bivalvulida) is reported from the Lebranche mullet Mugil liza Valenciennes, 1836 in the estuarine region of the Maricá Lagoon, State of the Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. To date, this myxozoan species was reported in mullets from Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania. The characteristics of M.

Isospora oliveirai n. sp. (Chromista: Miozoa: Eimeriidae) from the Greenish Schiffornis Schiffornis virescens (Lafresnaye, 1838) (Passeriformes: Tyranni: Tityridae) in South America.

Background: Coccidia are obligatory intracellular parasites with at least one intestinal phase in their life cycles, being Isospora Schneider, 1881 the main coccidian genus related to the order Passeriformes. However, there is no record of isosporans from the passerine family Tityridae, which is the family of the greenish schiffornis Schiffornis virescens (Lafresnaye, 1838).

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the faeces from a greenish schiffornis S.

Morphological and molecular identification of Isospora massardi Lopes, Berto, Luz, Galvão, Ferreira & Lopes, 2014 (Chromista: Miozoa: Eimeriidae) from thrushes Turdus spp. (Passeriformes: Turdidae) in South America.

In the current work, Isospora massardi Lopes, Berto, Luz, Galvão, Ferreira & Lopes, [10] is identified from white-necked thrushes Turdus albicollis Vieillot, 1818, rufous-bellied thrushes Turdus rufiventris Vieillot, 1818 and from a new host, the yellow-legged thrush Turdus flavipes (Vieillot, 1818) in a new locality, the Itatiaia National Park, in Southeastern Brazil, providing a preliminary genotypic characterization via sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA genes. The oocysts and sporocysts of I. massardi of the current study are morphologically similar to the original description and are uniform in the proportionality of width on length, but exhibited different patterns of size associated with each host species.

Coccidia of Columbiformes: a taxonomic review of its Eimeriidae species and Eimeria columbinae n. sp. from Columbina talpacoti (Temminck, 1809) from Brazil.

Coccidia (Chromista: Miozoa: Eimeriidae) of columbiform birds (Aves: Columbiformes) have been described since the end of the nineteenth century; however, some of these descriptions were poorly detailed or inconclusive. In this sense, the current work makes a detailed taxonomic revision reconsidering and organizing 18 Eimeria spp. and two Isospora spp.

In Vitro Activity of Neem () Oil on Growth and Ochratoxin A Production by Isolates.

is a saprobic filamentous fungus, food spoiling fungus and a producer of ochratoxin A (OTA) mycotoxin. In this study, the in vitro antifungal activity of neem oil (0.12% p/p of azadirachtin) was evaluated against the growth of six strains of and the production of OTA.

Isospora borbai n. sp. (Chromista: Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from gnateaters Conopophaga spp. (Passeriformes: Tyranni: Conopophagidae) in South America.

Background: The gnateaters Conopophaga spp. are insectivorous passerines commonly observed in high and humid forests, where they remain lodged in thin branches and, sometimes, they fly to the ground to catch insects. The insectivorous feeding habit is related to low prevalence and density of coccidians in passerines; however, several coccidian species are recorded for families of insectivorous passerines.

The vulnerable Sporophila frontalis (Verreaux) and Haplospiza unicolor Cabanis as new hosts for Isospora sporophilae Carvalho-Filho, Meireles, Ribeiro & Lopes, 2005 (Eimeriidae) in Brazil.

Isospora sporophilae Carvalho-Filho, Meireles, Ribeiro & Lopes, 2005 was morphologically and molecularly identified from the double-collared seedeater Sporophila frontalis (Verreaux), which is categorised as 'vulnerable' by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), and from the uniform finch Haplospiza unicolor Cabanis in conserved and anthropomorphic/fragmented areas of Atlantic Forest in the southeastern Brazil. The oöcysts recovered from S. frontalis and H.

Isospora sagittulae McQuistion & Capparella, 1992 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from antbirds (Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae) in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest of Brazil: with notes on its distribution and dispersion in the Neotropical region.

In the current study, Isospora sagittulae McQuistion and Capparella, 1992 (Protozoa: Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) is reported from white-shouldered fire-eyes Pyriglena leucoptera (Vieillot, 1818) in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. To date, this coccidian species was described from antbirds in Ecuador and Brazilian Amazon. In this sense, oocysts and measurements of the description of I.

Bakery by-products based feeds borne-Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains with probiotic and antimycotoxin effects plus antibiotic resistance properties for use in animal production.

The aim of this study was to select S. cerevisiae strains able to exert probiotic and antimycotoxin effects plus antibiotics resistance properties for use in animal production. S.