Impact of CB1 receptor antagonism on skeletal muscle hypertrophy and metabolic health: a systematic review of preclinical studies.

The endocannabinoid system (ECS), regulating such processes as energy homeostasis, inflammation, and muscle function, centers around cannabinoid receptors, including CB1. These receptors are mainly located in the central nervous system and skeletal muscles. Hyperactivity of CB1 receptors is linked to metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for muscle hypertrophy and metabolic health.

Relationship among depression, fatigue, and sleep after traumatic brain injury: The role of physical exercise as a non-pharmacological therapy.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a burdensome condition frequently associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders. Although the exact molecular signaling pathways have not yet been fully defined, the compromised integrity of functional brain networks in regions such as the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex has been linked to persistent symptoms, including depression, fatigue, and sleep disorders. Understanding how TBI affects neural physiology enables the development of effective interventions.

Bio-Microcapsules of Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) and Isocyanates: Towards Sustainable, Safer, and Efficient Adhesives.

This work describes the encapsulation of three different aliphatic isocyanates to reduce the risks associated with isocyanates' direct handling. The use of bio-based polybutylene succinate (bio-PBS) increases the sustainability factor as it allows for the use of microcapsules (MCs) from renewable sources with biodegradable features. The three different MCs (MCs-Monomer, MCs-Trimer, and MCs-Polymer) are spherical, crack-free, and matrix-type, containing an isocyanate payload between 67 wt% and 70 wt%.

Exploring Antibacterial Properties of Marine Sponge-Derived Natural Compounds: A Systematic Review.

The rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has prompted extensive research into antibacterial compounds, as these resistant strains compromise current treatments. This resistance leads to prolonged hospitalization, increased mortality rates, and higher healthcare costs. To address this challenge, the pharmaceutical industry is increasingly exploring natural products, particularly those of marine origin, as promising candidates for antimicrobial drugs.

Expert perspectives on tuberculosis screening procedures for migrants.

Objective: To evaluate the perspectives of tuberculosis experts from different countries regarding national screening procedures.

Methods: This was a qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected by using electronic, anonymized surveys with experts in tuberculosis in seven different countries within two World Health Organization regions (Europe and Africa).

Exploring the immediate effects of aerobic exercise on nocturnal blood pressure dip in medication-controlled hypertensive individuals: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Nocturnal blood pressure dipping is crucial for cardiovascular health, but the effect of exercise on this phenomenon is not well understood. This study aims to investigate how a single session of aerobic exercise impacts nocturnal blood pressure dipping in individuals with hypertension who are on medication.

Methods: Twenty hypertensive adults (67 ± 16 years) participated in a randomised, parallel-group clinical trial.

Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of daily optimised doses of Rifampicin for the Treatment of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Higher than standard doses of rifampicin could improve the treatment outcome of drug-susceptible tuberculosis without compromising the safety of patients.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of prospective clinical studies including adults with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB receiving rifampicin doses above 10mg/kg/day. We extracted the data on overall adverse events (AE), hepatic AE, sputum culture conversion (SCC) at week 8, recurrence, mortality, and pharmacokinetics.

Extramedullary Intradural Primary Spinal Angiosarcoma: A Case Study.

Angiosarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma, namely when it presents as a primary intradural extramedullary spinal neoplasm, with only one case of non-vertebral origin reported in the literature. We present the case of a 51-year-old woman with neurological symptoms of paraparesis and constipation who underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that revealed a well-demarcated, predominantly homogeneous, intensely enhancing intradural extramedullary lesion in T2-weighted images. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and genetics of the lesion showed an angiosarcoma.

Three Dihydroquinolin-4-one Derivatives as Potential Biodiesel Additives: From the Molecular Structure to Machine Learning Approach.

Biodiesel offers an alternative to fossil fuels, primarily because it is derived from renewable sources, with the potential to mitigate issues such as pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions, resource scarcity, and the market instability of petroleum derivatives. However, lower durability and stability pose challenges. To address this, researchers worldwide are exploring technologies that employ specific molecules to slow down biodiesel's oxidation process, thereby preserving its key physicochemical properties.

Adapting to COVID-19: Insights from Portuguese residents' home-based life.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread lockdowns and remote work and educational practices that have impacted the lives of many families.

Objective: We aimed to investigate how parents and caregivers altered their routines due to online schooling and teleworking, exploring their association with increased anxiety and depression symptoms.

Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional study and collected data through snowball sampling.

Acute dose-response effect of photobiomodulation therapy on muscle performance in female futsal players: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.

Background: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has recently been indicated as a potential therapeutic strategy in diverse health and sports contexts. However, its efficacy on muscle performance in female futsal players remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dose-response effect of PBMT on muscle performance in female futsal players.

A potent and selective reaction hijacking inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum tyrosine tRNA synthetase exhibits single dose oral efficacy in vivo.

The Plasmodium falciparum cytoplasmic tyrosine tRNA synthetase (PfTyrRS) is an attractive drug target that is susceptible to reaction-hijacking by AMP-mimicking nucleoside sulfamates. We previously identified an exemplar pyrazolopyrimidine ribose sulfamate, ML901, as a potent reaction hijacking inhibitor of PfTyrRS. Here we examined the stage specificity of action of ML901, showing very good activity against the schizont stage, but lower trophozoite stage activity.

New Species, Host Record, and Male Discovery for Three Messatoporus Cushman (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae) from Brazil.

Messatoporus bisignatus Aguiar & Supeleto, sp. nov. is described and illustrated.

Two new Dismodix Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae) with an exceptionally broad occipital carina.

Dismodix colai sp. nov., from a reforested legal reserve of Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, and D.

Inhibitors of malaria parasite cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases block asexual blood-stage development and mosquito transmission.

Cyclic nucleotide-dependent phosphodiesterases (PDEs) play essential roles in regulating the malaria parasite life cycle, suggesting that they may be promising antimalarial drug targets. PDE inhibitors are used safely to treat a range of noninfectious human disorders. Here, we report three subseries of fast-acting and potent PDEβ inhibitors that block asexual blood-stage parasite development and that are also active against human clinical isolates.

Thalamic Ganglioglioma Treated With Radical Radiotherapy: A Rare Location and an Exclusive Form of Treatment.

Gangliogliomas (GG) are rare primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. These CNS tumors are more commonly located at the supratentorial level. The treatment of choice for these tumors is surgical resection, and the role of radiotherapy remains controversial.

Pyrimidine Azepine Targets the Complex and Displays Multistage Antimalarial Activity.

Malaria control and elimination efforts would benefit from the identification and validation of new malaria chemotherapeutics. Recently, a transgenic line was used to perform a series of high-throughput in vitro screens for new antimalarials acting against the parasite sexual stages. The screens identified pyrimidine azepine chemotypes with potent activity.

Association of SO-Generating Pads before Packaging and during Cold Storage to Extend the Conservation of 'Italia' Table Grapes.

The SO-generating pads contain different concentrations of sodium metabisulfite, which absorbs water from the grapes' transpiration, releasing SO gas, and there are slow-(SlowSO) and dual (DualSO)-releasing pads (fast release in the first 48 h and slow for up to 60 days). The ultra-fast SO-generating pad (FieldSO) releases the SO quickly for up to 6 h, and it was designed to be used soon after the harvest and until the grapes' packaging. The goal was to study the effect of FieldSO associated with SlowSO and DualSO pads on gray mold incidence and physicochemical and appearance characteristics of 'Italia' table grapes.

The Effects of Collagen Peptides as a Dietary Supplement on Muscle Damage Recovery and Fatigue Responses: An Integrative Review.

Background/objectives: The oral administration of hydrolyzed collagen peptides is a scientifically validated intervention for enhancing skeletal muscle health and performance. This integrative review consolidates the evidence supporting the use of low molecular weight collagen peptides (2000-3500 daltons) for their superior bioavailability and absorption. Our objective was to review the effects of collagen peptide or hydrolyzed collagen supplementation on muscle damage, recovery, and construction related to physical exercise.

Acute Effects of Citrulline Malate Supplementation on Nocturnal Blood Pressure Dipping After Exercise in Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: Citrulline malate (CM), especially when used in conjunction with physical exercise, has demonstrated potential as a non-pharmacological adjunct in the management of hypertension. Nevertheless, its impact on nocturnal blood pressure dipping remains unexplored.

Objective: Evaluate the impact of a single dose of CM on nocturnal blood pressure dipping after exercise in hypertensive individuals.

Salivary assessment of the immune/inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in older adults vaccinated with CoronaVac or ChadOx-1.

Background: Although important information concerning COVID-19 vaccination is available, the effects of the CoronaVac and ChadOx-1 vaccines on immunity and the redox balance in the upper airway mucosa of the aged population are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impacts of two doses of the CoronaVac or ChadOx-1 vaccine on immune/inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in the airway mucosa of older adults.

Methods: Seventy-six older adults of both sexes, with a mean age of 75.

Economic Evaluation of Conservation through Use of an Provenance and Progeny Test.

is a species known for its valuable wood and nuts, but it is threatened with extinction. The plantation of forests for genetic resource conservation is a complementary strategy designed to reduce the species' genetic variability loss. This study aimed to evaluate the technical and economic viability of for genetic conservation through use.